Fiber optics transmit digital information as light over long distances. They consist of a core made of glass surrounded by cladding and a protective buffer coating. Light travels through the core due to total internal reflection at the core-cladding interface. Fiber optics have advantages like high transmission speeds up to gigabits per second, low noise interference, and wide reception ranges. They are made by drawing glass fibers containing compounds like silicon dioxide, germanium, and phosphorus.

1. How Fiber-Optics Work
Group D
Author: s1190011

2. Introduction
Main idea
Fiber optic is a load to send
digital information as a light over
long distant area.
Use rate
Today, Fiber optic is used over 70
to 80 % for people who have own
network circuit in Japan.

3. What are Fiber Optics?
• Fiber Optics consists of Core, Cladding and Buffer
coating. In the center of the fiber-optics, there is core.
The core is covered with cladding , and the cladding
is covered with Buffer coating.
• Core -> Pure and thin glass where the light travels.
• Cladding -> A quartz or silicon that reflects lights
back to the core.
• Buffer coating -> A polyimide outer shell that
protects inside from damage, moisture or fire.

4. How does Fiber Optic transmit a Light?
• A refractive index of core is higher than
cladding one. Because of it and due to a
critical angle at the interface between core
and cladding, the lights reflects totally. This
phenomenon happen many times in the
fiber optics.

5. Fiber Optic relay System
• Audio • Illumination
• Factory Automation • Organ
• Automobile • Medical fiber scope
communication • Endoscope
• Communication in • Toy
the home • Signboard
• Movie as fiber screen
• Sensor
• Optical inspection

6. Advantages of Fiber Optics
• The transmission rate • Fiber Optics aren’t
is high speed affected by
(100Mb/s to 1Gb/s). electromagnet, so it
can transmit data
• If many people uses without noise.
internet same time at
the same network • The possible range of
band, the charge of reception data is
transmitting packet is wide.
still cheap.

7. How are Fiber Optics made?
• Optical fibers are
composed primarily of
silicon dioxide (SiO2).
And other chemical
compounds; for example,
a germanium
tetrachloride (GeCL4)
and a phosphorus
oxychloride (POC13).
These components are
used to produce core
fiber and others.