QTP Interview Questions

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QTP interview questions and answers

Q1. What phases are involved in testing an
application in QTP?
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The Quick Test Professional process consists of the following main phases:
 Analyzing Application: before preparing test cases need to analyze the
application to find out the testing needs.
 Preparing Testing Infrastructure: based on testing needs create those
resources, resources like, shared repository, function library etc.
 Building Test Cases: create test script containing action to be performed
while testing. Add object repository with the test function libraries.
 Enhancing Test: by making use of checkpoints, broadening the scope of
test, add logic and condition to test for checking purpose.
 Debugging, Running and analyzing Test: debug the test so that it works
without interruption. Run these test and analyze the test result generated
by QTP
 Report Defects: lock bug into the bug report and send it to the
development team.
4/02/2014

Q2. How many types of recording modes
in the QTP?
The QTP enable us with three type of recording mode:
 Normal (by Default recording): In this recording mode QTP
identify the object irrespective of their location on the
screen. It is done by recording object based on application
window.
 Analog Recording: it is used when exact mouse movement
and action performed by mouse is important. Used in
testing the paint application and signature made with the
help of mouse.
 Low Level Recording: it helps in identifying those objects
which is not recognized by the QTP. It is used when the
location of object is changing inside the screen.
4/02/2014

Q3. What is object repository?
Object Repository: when QTP learn any object from
application it stores those object in the Object Repository
with the properties of the object. It is used to identify the
object. There are two types of object repository:
 Shared Object Repository: It can be shared between
multiple tests but it does not allow making changes in the
repository. Mostly used in Keyword Driven methodology. It
is saved with .TSR extension.
 Local Object Repository: This type of object repository is
linked with only one test. In this we can perform change in
the repository, like changing the properties of the
object, adding object in the repository. It is saved with
.MTR extension.
4/02/2014

Q4. Explain step generator in QTP?
Step Generator in QTP helps in creating those steps
which is performed over the object while testing. Use
of Step Generator in QTP:
 Help in debugging the script by making use of Break.
 To add those step which we forget to perform while
recording.
 To ensure that objects exist in the repository
 To add up step in the function library.
4/02/2014

Q5. Explain the use of Action Split in
QTP?
Action Split: it is used to split the action into two parts.
There are two type of split an action:
 Splitting into two sibling action: both split actions are
independent of each other.
 Splitting into Parent-Child nested action: in this second
split action is only called after the execution of the parent
split action. Child split action depends upon the parent
split action.
 QTP generated the duplicate copy of the object repository
when we perform Split action. We can add object to
anyone spilt action which is not added into another split
action’s repository.
4/02/2014

Q6. What is the purpose of loading QTP
Add-Ins?
Add-Ins: are small programs or files which can be
added to computer in order to enhance the
capabilities of the system. The purposes of loading
Add-Ins into QTP are following:
 To increase capabilities of the system.
 To improve the graphics quality, communications
interface.
 To load the particular function into the memory.
 To excess only those functions that is required for the
execution of the script.
4/02/2014

Q7. What is a data driven test in QTP?
Data Driven is an automation testing part in which test
input or output values, these values are read from
data files. It is performed when the values are
changing by the time. The different data files may
include data pools. The data is then loaded into
variables in recorded or manually coded scripts. In
QTP to perform the data to drive the test, we use the
parameterization process. When we do data-driven
test, we perform two extra steps:
 Converting the test to a data-driven test.
 Creating a corresponding data table.
4/02/2014

Q8. How to use Parameterization in
QTP?
It is the process of making use of different values in place of
recorded values which is replaced by variable which
contains different values that can be used during the
execution of the scripts. QTP enable us with different type
of Parameterization, passing of data:
 Using Loop statement.
 Dynamically test data submission
 Using data table.
 Fetching data from external files.
 Fetching data from databases.
 By taking test data front end(GUI)
4/02/2014

Q9. Is it possible to call from one action
to another action in QTP?
Yes, QTP enable us to call from one action to another
action. There are two ways of calling action:
 Call to Copy of action: in this we generate the copy of
action in our repository which enables us to perform
change to the copy of action.
 Call to Existing action: we call to action which is made
up earlier. This generates the reference to the action.
We can access the action in read only mode. In this no
copy of existing script and data table is made.
4/02/2014

Q10. Explain different types of
action in QTP?
When generating the test script, it includes only one
action. Action contains the number of steps to be
performed on application to test the application.
There are three type of action in QTP:
 Non-Reusable action: it can be called by test only once
in which it is stored.
 Reusable action: it can be called by test multiple times
in which it is stored.
 External action: it is reusable action but stored in
external test. We can call external action but it will be
available in read only mode we cannot perform any
change to the External Action.
4/02/2014

Q11. What is difference between Run
time object and Test object?
The difference between Run time Object and Test object
are:
 Run time object are actual object in the application
whereas test object are reference of the actual object.
 Run time object always have same name whereas test
object name varies in different environment.
 Test object are used to identify the actual object in the
application which is run time objects.
 Run time object resides in the application whereas
test object resides in the object repository.
4/02/2014

Q12. Explain Measuring Transaction.
Measuring transaction means that to measure how
much time it take to execute a set of step over the
application. A transaction is collection of steps that we
are intended to know how much time it take to
execute. We can define the transaction by enclosing
the set of steps with the start transaction and end
transaction.
 Start transaction: after encounter of start transaction
time measurement start.
 End transaction: it is used to stop the time
measurement.
4/02/2014

Q13. Explain different checkpoints in
QTP.
Checkpoint is a point where QTP current value or property of the object with the
expected value or property of the object. When we insert the check point in the test,
then in keyword view checkpoint is added in front of current row and in expert view a
checkpoint statement is added. QTP enable us with following types of check point:
 Standard Checkpoint: check properties of objects like button, combo boxes, list etc.
 Image Checkpoint: check value of an image
 Bitmap Checkpoint: check image zooming capability.
 Table Checkpoint: check information of a table.
 Text Checkpoint: check text is displayed on correct place.
 Text Area Checkpoint: check text is displayed in specific area.
 Accessibility Checkpoint: used to determine website which is not as per W3C guidelines.
 Page Checkpoint: checks properties of the webpage.
 Database Checkpoint: check content of database
 XML Checkpoint: check XML content.
4/02/2014

Q14. Can we create a QTP test from QC?
1. Login to Quality Center and Navigate to Test Lab Module
2. After selecting the correct Test Set, Click the Execution Flow Tab.
3. Right-click on the test that requires configuration of Time
Dependency and click Test Run Schedule.
4. In the Run Schedule window, select the Time Dependency tab. The
time and date of execution can be configured.
5. Time dependency will be added to the relevant test.
6. After time dependency has been added, navigate back to the
Execution Grid pane. From the Execution Grid, select the tests to be
run at the designated date and time.
7. From the Automatic Runner dialog, click Run All.
8. Once Run All is clicked from the Automatic Runner dialog, the test
status will change to Waiting and QC will fire the tests to be run at the
scheduled date and time:
9. QC will fire the tests in the sequence configured in the Execution
Flow pane. The Test Run Scheduler will show all the tests that were
selected and are executing and are to be executed.
4/02/2014

Q15. What is expert view and keyword
view?
Expert View: It contains the steps performed over the
application in VBScript language.
 Expert view enables us to editing the script.
 In keyword view a row exist for each object and method
which is mention in Expert View.
 Keyword View: contains the steps executed on the
application in keyword driven tabular form in English
language.
 Keyword View contains four fields:
ITEM, Operation, Value, and Document.
 Selecting items and operation we can create and modify
test.
4/02/2014

Q16. Describe Synchronization Point.
Synchronization Point: When application response speed is
not same as the test execution speed this may cause error.
In order to remove this error we use Synchronization point.
Synchronization is done by making QTP test to wait until
the application is ready for execution. When we insert
Synchronization point in test then QTP generates the
WaitProperty Statement in the ExpertView. For
synchronization we can use:
 Exist statement
 Wait statement.
 Increase the defaulted time of QTP waits for web page to
load.
 Change in default timeout setting.
4/02/2014

Q17. Explain checkpoint.
Checkpoint is a point where QTP current value or
property of the object with the expected value or
property of the object. When we insert the check
point in the test, then in keyword view checkpoint is
added in front of current row and in expert view a
checkpoint statement is added
4/02/2014

Q18. What is Keyword Driven
Framework?
In Keyword driven framework the QTP executed script which
is written in the excel sheet by help of Driver Script. For
making Keyword Driven Framework we have two ways:
 Specify Script Values Directly in the Excel
 Write Global Functions to perform action on application as
function keywords in Excel.

4/02/2014

Q19. What are benefits of QTP?
The benefits of QTP are:
 Standalone tool and integrated with Quality Center.
 Testing results stores in database automatically, can be
used for analyzing system performance.
 Supports Key word driven testing.
 QTP Identifies objects, even if they change from build to
build.
 By using QTP, Test execution time and cost will reduce.
 Suitable for both client server and web based application
 Better error handling mechanism
 Excellent data driven testing features
4/02/2014

Q20. What are the disadvantages of
recording test cases in QTP?
Following are the Disadvantage of recording test cases in
QTP
 Occupies lot of space result in reducing QTP
performance.
 Updating test is difficult.
 Internal to the QTP, which may cause corrupted.
4/02/2014

Q21. What is difference between design
time and run time data table?
The differences between Design time and Run time
table are:
 Design time table are visible in QTP main test but Run
time table is visible in Test Result Window.
 Design time table is created before the execution of
test whereas Run time table is created after execution
of test.
 Design time table referred to the external data but
Run time table represent actual design table in the
application.
4/02/2014

Q22. What is the process of
synchronizing QTP and AUT?
We can synchronize QTP and AUT by applying any one of
the following methods:
 Wait statement.
 Using exit statement
 Synchronization point.
 Increasing timeout.( tool default synchronization
point)
 Syn (synchronize method) method
4/02/2014

Q23. What is difference between Shared
and Local Object Repository?
The difference between Shared and Local Object Repository
are:
 Shared OR can be shared between multiple tests whereas
Local OR can only link with one test.
 Shared OR does not allow making changes in the
repository but Local OR enable tester to perform change in
the object property present in the Object Repository or
adding object in OR.
 Mostly used in Keyword Driven methodology. It is saved
with .TSR extension where as Local OR is saved with .MTR
extension.
4/02/2014

Q24. What are the shot cut keys of:
a) Normal Recording: F3
b) Run the test script: F5
c) To stop the recording: F4
d) For Analog Recording:Ctrl+Shift+F4
e) Low Level Recording: Ctrl+Shift+F3
f) To switch between Tree View and Expert View:
Ctrl+Tab
4/02/2014

Q25. Can we create User Defined
Functions in QTP?
Yes we can create User Defined Function. User defined
function is used when we want to execute segment of
code several time while testing the application. User
defined function can be saved in two ways:
 Within Function Library: saved with .qfl file extension.
 Within Action Script: saved with .vbs or .txt file
extension.
4/02/2014

Q26. What is recovery scenario in QTP?
While executing a test, some unexpected error and
event may occur. To overcome this we take the help of
Recovery Scenario. The Recovery Scenario Consist of
Following:
 Trigger Event: when an unexpected events or errors
invoke.
 Recovery Operation: Operation needed to perform
for running the remaining test script.
 Post-Recovery Test Run Option: after recovering from
unexpected error where to start the remaining test
execution.
4/02/2014

Q27. What are the steps involved in
Recovery Scenario Wizard?
The Recovery Scenario Wizard consists of following
steps:
 Defining of trigger event
 Defining Recovery operation
 Selection of Post Recovery Run
 Specifying either to associate recovery scenario to the
current test or all new test.
4/02/2014

Q28. Explain different type of event
trigger option.
In QTP, there are following type of trigger:
 POP-UP window: QTP identify POP-UP window based
on window title and textual content.
 Object State: object state is identified by its
properties.
 Test Run Error: when test run result value is failed it is
identified.
 Application Crash: this state is identified by
predefined list of application.
4/02/2014

Q29. What are the different types of
Recovery Operation?
Following type of Recovery Operation is available in
QTP:
 Keyboard or mouse operation.
 Close Application Process.
 Function call.
 Restart Microsoft Windows.
4/02/2014

Q30. How to change the priorities of
the Recovery scenario properties?
To change the priorities of Recovery scenario we do
following step:
 STEP 1: SELECT scenario.
 STEP 2: Click UP or DOWN button in order to increase
and decrease the priorities of the Recovery Scenario.
4/02/2014

Q31. Explain Sub Procedure of VBScript.
SUB procedure: it is used only to perform action but has no
return value.
 -It takes arguments like constant, variable or expression.
-When no argument is given it take empty parentheses ().
-SYNTAX of SUB Procedure:
 [Public ] [Default] [Private] Sub name [(arglist)]
[Statements]
[EXIT sub]
[Statement]
End Sub
4/02/2014

Q32. Describe Function Procedure in
VBScript.
Function procedure: it consists of steps of statements written in VBScript
with some return value.
 Function statement is used to declare name, argument and code.
 When no argument is given it take empty parentheses ().
 Name is used to return the value.
 SYNTAX of Function Procedure:
 [Public][Default][Private] Function name [(arglist)]
[Statements]
[name = expression]
[Exit Function]
[Statements]
[name = expression]
End Function
4/02/2014

Q33. Explain Calling Sub procedure.
Calling Sub procedure is used to call Function and Sub
Procedure.
SYNTAX of Calling Procedure:
 Call procname( firstarg, secondarg)
 Procname firstarg, secondarg
 Both Syntax are correct. First syntax use the CALL
keyword, when we use CALL keyword then it is
mandatory to write the argument in parentheses.
4/02/2014

Q34. How to remove associated
Function library?
To remove the associated Function Library we can perform any
one of the following method:
 METHOD 1:
- Select Resource Pane.
- Right click on function library, select Remove Function Library.
 METHOD 2:
- Select Resource Pane,
- Select Function Library.
- Press DELETE key.
 METHOD 3:
- Go to list of Associated Function Library in the Resource Pane.
- Select the Function and click the Remove button.
4/02/2014

Q35. Give the Syntax to load
Function at run time.
Syntax to load the function at run time:
LoadFunctionLibrary strCurrentLibPath +
“DialogCrashChecks.qfl”, strCurrentLibPath +
“DialogL18nChecks.qfl”
4/02/2014

Q36. What is Regular Expression?
 The Varying window labels problem can be solved by using
the regular expressions. Regular expressions enable QTP to
identify objects with varying names or titles. We can use
regular expressions in Test Script Language statements. A
regular expression is a string. Regular expression is
followed by an exclamation mark. We use special
characters such as a period (.), asterisk (*), caret (^), and
brackets ([ ]), by this we can generate the conditions of the
search. For example, the string “!hit.*” matches both
“chit” and “hit”.
4/02/2014

Q37. What are the different attribute
used with Regular Expression?
The different attribute of Regular Expression are:
 Backslash(): when it is encountered the next
character is treated as literal character.
 Period(.): is used to search any single character.
 Square Bracket[ ]: is used to search a single character
within a list of characters.
 Caret(^): is used match any character in the list except
those specified in string.
 Asterisk(*): to match zero or all occurrence of the
preceding characters.
4/02/2014

Q38. What is difference in Global
and action sheet in QTP?
 Global Sheet: Globally accessible by all tests. Used
when we have to perform many actions by using
single script.
Action Sheet: Locally accessible in a test. It is used
when only one action is performed with one script.
4/02/2014

Q39. Explain XML Checkpoints.
XML Checkpoints are used for the verification of the
current and expect value or properties of the XML
documents. A checkpoint fails when actual and
expected values or properties are not same. QTP
enables us with three types of XML Checkpoints:
 XML Web Page or Frame Checkpoints.
 XML File Checkpoints.
 XML Test Object Checkpoints.
4/02/2014

Q40. How to modify the Text
Checkpoint?
To modify the Checkpoint in QTP we do
 Go to Keyword View, Right-Click the Checkpoint.
 Select Checkpoint Properties.
 Checkpoint properties dialog box open, change the
setting.
4/02/2014

Q41. What is Smart Identification?
Smart Identification properties are used to identify the
object even when object properties are changed. It uses
two types of properties to identify the object in the
application:
 Base Filter Properties: this is the fundamental property of
the object, whose values cannot be changed.
 Optional Filter Properties: Properties other then
fundamental properties are used in this. These properties
are changing while performing the test on the application.
4/02/2014

Q42. What is the use of Ordinal
identifier in QTP?
Ordinal Identifiers are used to initialize the value to the
object which is in numeric form and it is used to find
out its order with respect to other objects. QTP enable
us with following types of Ordinal Identifiers:
 Index: indicates the order of object.
 Location: determine the location of the object like
inside the parent window, frame or dialog box relative
to other objects.
 Creation Time: determine the order in which web
browser open
4/02/2014

Q43. How to delete an object from
the Object Repository?
 To delete an object from the repository:
 Go to repository tree, select the object.
 Click the Delete button or select Edit> Delete.
 Click Yes to confirm.
4/02/2014

Q44. What is Cross Site Scripting?
 Cross Site Scripting is a thread in the dynamic website. It is also
known as XSS. Cross site scripting occurs when a web
application gathers malicious data from a user. The data is
collected in the hyperlink form which contains malicious content
within it. It allows malicious code to be inserted into the web
page. The web page can be a simple HTML code or a client side
script. When the malicious code is inserted in page and clicked
by some user, the malicious code becomes a part of the web
request of the user. This request can also execute on the user’s
computer and steal information.
4/02/2014

Q45. What is contained in the
Object Repository?
Object Repository stores the element identification
properties extracted from the application during
recording. ID will be generated for each element and
this ID is used for Object identification in the
application. Object Repository acts as a repository for
the application elements. Object Repository contains
two properties of each object for the identification:
 Physical properties description of the object
 Logical name of the object.
4/02/2014

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