17. ※Halliwell(2015); Tylka(2015); Webb(2015)を基に筆者が作成
PBI 1.0:satisfaction-based, posi-satisfaction vs nega-dissatisfaction, ポジティブとネガティブを対となる連続体として捉える
・the Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi & Shields, 1984)
・the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (Mendelson, Mendelson, & White, 2001)
・the Appearance Evaluation subscale of the Mul- tidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (Brown, Cash, & Mikulka, 1990; Cash, 2000)
PBI 2.0:身体満足感や外見への好意的な評価にとどまらない複雑で多次元的な概念(Tylka, 2015)
▶︎Body Appreciation
・the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) Avalos et al. (2005)
▶︎Positive Rational Acceptance Coping
・the Body Image Coping Strate- gies Inventory (BICSI) Cash et al. (2005)
▶︎Body Image Flexibility
・the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ) Sandoz et al. (2013)
▶︎Body Functionality
・the Surveillance subscale of the 8-item Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996)
・three subscales of the Embodied Image Scale (EIS) (Abbott & Barber, 2010)
・qualitative interviews with U.S. women during their first pregnancy Rubin and Steinberg (2011)
▶︎Attunement
・Body Responsiveness Scale (BRS) Daubenmier’s (2005)
・the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS; Cook-Cottone, 2015)
▶︎Body Pride
・the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emo- tions Scale (BASES)Castonguay, Sabiston, Crocker, & Mack, 2014)
・4-item body pride measure(Meanley, Hickok, Johns, Pingel, and Bauermeister (2014)
▶︎Positive and Self-accepting Body Talk
・preliminary 6-item scale (Rudiger and Winstead’s (2013)
・the positive self-disclosure subscale (Greer, Campione-Barr, and Lindell (2014)
▶︎Body Sanctification
・Manifestation of God in the Body Scale (MGBS) and the Sacred Qualities of the Body Scale (SQBS) Mahoney et al. (2005)
▶︎Broad Conceptualization of Beauty
・the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS) Tylka and Iannantuono (2015)
▶︎Body Acceptance by Others
・the Body Acceptance by Others Scale (BAOS) Avalos and Tylka (2006)
19. MBSRQ-AS:Multidimensional Body-SelfRelationsQuestionnaire –Appearance Scales(Cash) cognitive-affective-behavioral
▶The MBSRQ-AS is a 34-item self-report inventory composed of five subscales(Marco, 2017; Roncero, 2015)
Appearance Evaluation (AE):7-item, assesses evaluative beliefs and feelings of attractiveness or unattractiveness, and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with
one’s appearance
Appearance Orientation (AO):12-item, assesses the degree of cognitive and behavioral investment in one’s appearance
Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS):9-item, assesses satisfaction or dissatisfaction with specific body areas & attributes
(face, hair, lower torsomid torso, upper torso, muscle tone, weight, height, overall appearance)
Overweight Preoccupation (OP):4-item, assesses fat anxiety, weight vigilance, dieting, and eating restraint
Self-Classified Weight (SCW):2-item, assesses how one perceives his or her weight, very underweight - very overweight
▶5-point Likert-type scale
▶the importance of using measures that assess the two attitudinal dimensions of body image: evaluation and investment (Cash, 2011)
DBIQ/DKB-35:the Dresden Body Image Questionnaire(Pöhlmann, 2008)← ドイツ語 cognitive-affective
▶35-item questionnaire with positively and negatively worded items
▶thoughts, beliefs, and conceptual aspects of patient's body experiences in five different domains
body acceptance (“I wish I had a different body”) vitality (“I am physically fit”) self-aggrandizement(“I use my body to attract
attention”)
physical contact(“I do not like people touching me”) sexual fulfillment(“I am very satisfied with my sexual experiences“)
▶5-point Likert scale
BSQ:the Body Self Questionnaire(Sakson-Obada, 2009)← ポーランド語
▶body-mind: the body as an object (body image), and the body as a core aspect of self-experience.
▶body self(BS)is a complex three-dimensional struc- ture of personality that introduces bodily experiences on the mental plane:
(1) functions, (2) the sense of body identity, (3) representations of sensations, body states, and body characteristics (e.g., body image)
▶78-81-item in the version for women and men, respectively
・4 sub-scales which measure disturbances in body experience
Lowered threshold:7-item(“Sometimes even a gentle touch is painful”)→perceptional
Heightened threshold:10-item(“Sometimes all or part of my body is insensitive to pain”)→perceptional
Interpretation of emotion and physiological needs:13-item(“It’s difficult for me to find the right words for my feelings”)
Regulation of emotion and physiological needs:20-item(“Sometimes I cannot stop eating, even though I am not hungry”)
・Sense of body identity:10-item(“Sometimes I feel dead inside”)
・3 scales measure body image satisfaction:the body as the object of perception and affective evaluation
Appearance satisfaction:8-item(“I feel physically attractive”)
Fitness satisfaction:5-item for women, 6-item for men(“I have good motor coordination”)
Acceptance of biological sex:5-item for women, 7-item for men(“I’d rather be a person devoid of sex attributes”)
▶5-point Likert scale
西欧諸国で信頼性・妥当性が確認されている
ポーランド(Brytek-Matera, 2015)|フランス(Untas, 2009)|ドイツ
(Vossbeck-Elsebusch, 2014)|アメリカ(Cash; Hrabosky, 2009)|ギリシャ
(Argyrides, 2014; Costarelli, 2011)|スペイン(Bottella, 2009; Roncero, 2015;
Senín-Calderón, 2017)|トルコ(Dogan, 1992 ← Hatipoglu, 2014)