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※Halliwell(2015); Tylka(2015); Webb(2015)を基に筆者が作成
PBI 1.0:satisfaction-based, posi-satisfaction vs nega-dissatisfaction, ポジティブとネガティブを対となる連続体として捉える
・the Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi & Shields, 1984)
・the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (Mendelson, Mendelson, & White, 2001)
・the Appearance Evaluation subscale of the Mul- tidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (Brown, Cash, & Mikulka, 1990; Cash, 2000)
PBI 2.0:身体満足感や外見への好意的な評価にとどまらない複雑で多次元的な概念(Tylka, 2015)
▶︎Body Appreciation
・the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) Avalos et al. (2005)
▶︎Positive Rational Acceptance Coping
・the Body Image Coping Strate- gies Inventory (BICSI) Cash et al. (2005)
▶︎Body Image Flexibility
・the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ) Sandoz et al. (2013)
▶︎Body Functionality
・the Surveillance subscale of the 8-item Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996)
・three subscales of the Embodied Image Scale (EIS) (Abbott & Barber, 2010)
・qualitative interviews with U.S. women during their first pregnancy Rubin and Steinberg (2011)
▶︎Attunement
・Body Responsiveness Scale (BRS) Daubenmier’s (2005)
・the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS; Cook-Cottone, 2015)
▶︎Body Pride
・the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emo- tions Scale (BASES)Castonguay, Sabiston, Crocker, & Mack, 2014)
・4-item body pride measure(Meanley, Hickok, Johns, Pingel, and Bauermeister (2014)
▶︎Positive and Self-accepting Body Talk
・preliminary 6-item scale (Rudiger and Winstead’s (2013)
・the positive self-disclosure subscale (Greer, Campione-Barr, and Lindell (2014)
▶︎Body Sanctification
・Manifestation of God in the Body Scale (MGBS) and the Sacred Qualities of the Body Scale (SQBS) Mahoney et al. (2005)
▶︎Broad Conceptualization of Beauty
・the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS) Tylka and Iannantuono (2015)
▶︎Body Acceptance by Others
・the Body Acceptance by Others Scale (BAOS) Avalos and Tylka (2006)
Global satisfaction measures -Figure ratings
BIA:Body Image Assessment(Williamson, 1989)
BIABD:Body Image Assessment Scale -Body Dimensions(Gardner, 2009)
CDRS:Contour Drawing Rating Scale(Thompson, 1996)
FRS:Figure Rating Scale(Stunkard, 1983)
PFRS:Photographic Figure Rating Scale(Swami, 2008)
QBID:Quantification of Body Image Distortion(Roy, 2007)
Somatomorphic Matrix(Pope, 2000)
J-BSS-I:Japanese Body Silhouette Scale type-I(鈴木, 2007)
Global satisfaction measures -questionnaires
BAS:Body Appreciation Scale(Avalos, 2005)→BAS2 *(生田目, 2017)
BES:Body Esteem Scale(Franzoi, 1984)
BESAA:Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults(Mendelson, 2001)
BIDQ:Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire(Cash, 2004)
BIQ:Body Image Ideals Questionnaire(Cash, 1995)
BSS:Body Satisfaction Scale(Slade, 1990)
BSQ:Body Shape Questionnaire(Cooper, 1987)
EDEQ:Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire -Shape & Weight Concerns(Fairburn,
1994)
EDI:Eating Disorder Inventory -Body Dissatisfaction Scale(Garner, 1983)
*(EDI-91:志村, 2001 ←橘, 2015; EDI-BD: 山宮・鳥井(2011)← 中島, 2015)
MBSRQ:Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire -Appearance Scales(Brown,
1990)
SIQYA:Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents -Body Image Subscale(Peterson,
1984)
BICI:The Body Image Concern Inventory(Littleton, 2005)*(田中, 2011; 田中, 2013;
Tanaka, 2015)
State measures
BISS:Body Image States Scale(Cash, 2002)
PASTAS:Physical Appearance State & Trait Anxiety Scale(Reed, 1991)
VAS:Visual Analogue Scales(Birkeland, 2005)
Cognitive measures
ASI-R:Appearance Schemas Inventory-Revised(Cash, 2004)*(JASI-R: 安保, 2012)
ABCD:Assessment of Body-Image Cognitive Distortions(Jakatdar, 2006)
ABSS:Attention to Body Shape Scale(Beebe, 1995)
BCCQ:Body Checking Cognitions Questionnaire(Mountford, 2006)
SATAQ-4:Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (Thompson, 2004) 
*(SATAQ-3 JS: 山宮・鳥井, 2012; ATAQ-3R: 浦上, 2015; SATAQ-4: Yamamiya, 2016)
痩身願望尺度(馬場, 2000)
Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26)(Garner, Olmsted, Bohr, & Garfinkel, 1982)*(Mukai,
1998; 山宮, 2011)
Behavioral measures
BCQ:Body Checking Questionnaire(Reas, 2002)
BIAQ:Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire(Rosen, 1991)
BIAS:Body Image Avoidance Scale(Engle, 2008)
BICAS:Body Image Compulsive Actions Scale(Engle, 2008)
Male body image measures
DL:Drive for Leanness(Smolak, 2008)
DMAQ:Drive for Muscularity Attitudes Questionnaire(Morrison, 2004)
DMS:Drive for Muscularity Scale(McCreary, 2004)*(五十嵐, 2011)
MBID:Masculine Body Ideal Distress(Kimmel, 2004)
MBAS:Male Body Attitudes Scale(Tylka, 2005)
MSBC:Male-Specific Body Checking(Hildebrandt, 2010)
MASS:Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale(Mayville, 2002)
SMA:Swansea Muscularity Attitudes -Drive for Muscularity Subscale(Edwards, 2000)
Affective measures
OBCS:objectified Body Consciousness Scale -Body Shame(McKinley, 1996)
PASTAS:Physical Appearance State & Trait Anxiety Scale(Reed, 1991)
SIBID:Situational Inventory of Body-Image Dysphoria(Cash, 2002)
YWANES-S:青年期女性の外 見に関する否定的感情測定尺度―状態版―(安保, 2013)
YWANES-T :青年期女性の外見に関する否定的 感情測定尺度―特性版―(安保, 2014)
MBSRQ-AS:Multidimensional Body-SelfRelationsQuestionnaire –Appearance Scales(Cash) cognitive-affective-behavioral
 ▶The MBSRQ-AS is a 34-item self-report inventory composed of five subscales(Marco, 2017; Roncero, 2015)
  Appearance Evaluation (AE):7-item, assesses evaluative beliefs and feelings of attractiveness or unattractiveness, and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with
one’s appearance
  Appearance Orientation (AO):12-item, assesses the degree of cognitive and behavioral investment in one’s appearance
  Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS):9-item, assesses satisfaction or dissatisfaction with specific body areas & attributes
                   (face, hair, lower torsomid torso, upper torso, muscle tone, weight, height, overall appearance)
  Overweight Preoccupation (OP):4-item, assesses fat anxiety, weight vigilance, dieting, and eating restraint
  Self-Classified Weight (SCW):2-item, assesses how one perceives his or her weight, very underweight - very overweight
 ▶5-point Likert-type scale
 ▶the importance of using measures that assess the two attitudinal dimensions of body image: evaluation and investment (Cash, 2011)
DBIQ/DKB-35:the Dresden Body Image Questionnaire(Pöhlmann, 2008)← ドイツ語 cognitive-affective
 ▶35-item questionnaire with positively and negatively worded items
 ▶thoughts, beliefs, and conceptual aspects of patient's body experiences in five different domains
  body acceptance (“I wish I had a different body”) vitality (“I am physically fit”) self-aggrandizement(“I use my body to attract
attention”)
  physical contact(“I do not like people touching me”) sexual fulfillment(“I am very satisfied with my sexual experiences“)
 ▶5-point Likert scale
BSQ:the Body Self Questionnaire(Sakson-Obada, 2009)← ポーランド語
 ▶body-mind: the body as an object (body image), and the body as a core aspect of self-experience.
 ▶body self(BS)is a complex three-dimensional struc- ture of personality that introduces bodily experiences on the mental plane:
 (1) functions, (2) the sense of body identity, (3) representations of sensations, body states, and body characteristics (e.g., body image)
 ▶78-81-item in the version for women and men, respectively
 ・4 sub-scales which measure disturbances in body experience
   Lowered threshold:7-item(“Sometimes even a gentle touch is painful”)→perceptional
   Heightened threshold:10-item(“Sometimes all or part of my body is insensitive to pain”)→perceptional
   Interpretation of emotion and physiological needs:13-item(“It’s difficult for me to find the right words for my feelings”)
   Regulation of emotion and physiological needs:20-item(“Sometimes I cannot stop eating, even though I am not hungry”)
 ・Sense of body identity:10-item(“Sometimes I feel dead inside”)
 ・3 scales measure body image satisfaction:the body as the object of perception and affective evaluation
   Appearance satisfaction:8-item(“I feel physically attractive”)
   Fitness satisfaction:5-item for women, 6-item for men(“I have good motor coordination”)
   Acceptance of biological sex:5-item for women, 7-item for men(“I’d rather be a person devoid of sex attributes”)
 ▶5-point Likert scale
西欧諸国で信頼性・妥当性が確認されている
ポーランド(Brytek-Matera, 2015)|フランス(Untas, 2009)|ドイツ
(Vossbeck-Elsebusch, 2014)|アメリカ(Cash; Hrabosky, 2009)|ギリシャ
(Argyrides, 2014; Costarelli, 2011)|スペイン(Bottella, 2009; Roncero, 2015;
Senín-Calderón, 2017)|トルコ(Dogan, 1992 ← Hatipoglu, 2014)
▶︎effective stand-alone interventions
▶︎adverse interventions
※Alleva(2015)を基に作成


170723 bodyimage

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170723 bodyimage

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  • 17. ※Halliwell(2015); Tylka(2015); Webb(2015)を基に筆者が作成 PBI 1.0:satisfaction-based, posi-satisfaction vs nega-dissatisfaction, ポジティブとネガティブを対となる連続体として捉える ・the Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi & Shields, 1984) ・the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (Mendelson, Mendelson, & White, 2001) ・the Appearance Evaluation subscale of the Mul- tidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (Brown, Cash, & Mikulka, 1990; Cash, 2000) PBI 2.0:身体満足感や外見への好意的な評価にとどまらない複雑で多次元的な概念(Tylka, 2015) ▶︎Body Appreciation ・the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) Avalos et al. (2005) ▶︎Positive Rational Acceptance Coping ・the Body Image Coping Strate- gies Inventory (BICSI) Cash et al. (2005) ▶︎Body Image Flexibility ・the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ) Sandoz et al. (2013) ▶︎Body Functionality ・the Surveillance subscale of the 8-item Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996) ・three subscales of the Embodied Image Scale (EIS) (Abbott & Barber, 2010) ・qualitative interviews with U.S. women during their first pregnancy Rubin and Steinberg (2011) ▶︎Attunement ・Body Responsiveness Scale (BRS) Daubenmier’s (2005) ・the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS; Cook-Cottone, 2015) ▶︎Body Pride ・the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emo- tions Scale (BASES)Castonguay, Sabiston, Crocker, & Mack, 2014) ・4-item body pride measure(Meanley, Hickok, Johns, Pingel, and Bauermeister (2014) ▶︎Positive and Self-accepting Body Talk ・preliminary 6-item scale (Rudiger and Winstead’s (2013) ・the positive self-disclosure subscale (Greer, Campione-Barr, and Lindell (2014) ▶︎Body Sanctification ・Manifestation of God in the Body Scale (MGBS) and the Sacred Qualities of the Body Scale (SQBS) Mahoney et al. (2005) ▶︎Broad Conceptualization of Beauty ・the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS) Tylka and Iannantuono (2015) ▶︎Body Acceptance by Others ・the Body Acceptance by Others Scale (BAOS) Avalos and Tylka (2006)
  • 18. Global satisfaction measures -Figure ratings BIA:Body Image Assessment(Williamson, 1989) BIABD:Body Image Assessment Scale -Body Dimensions(Gardner, 2009) CDRS:Contour Drawing Rating Scale(Thompson, 1996) FRS:Figure Rating Scale(Stunkard, 1983) PFRS:Photographic Figure Rating Scale(Swami, 2008) QBID:Quantification of Body Image Distortion(Roy, 2007) Somatomorphic Matrix(Pope, 2000) J-BSS-I:Japanese Body Silhouette Scale type-I(鈴木, 2007) Global satisfaction measures -questionnaires BAS:Body Appreciation Scale(Avalos, 2005)→BAS2 *(生田目, 2017) BES:Body Esteem Scale(Franzoi, 1984) BESAA:Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults(Mendelson, 2001) BIDQ:Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire(Cash, 2004) BIQ:Body Image Ideals Questionnaire(Cash, 1995) BSS:Body Satisfaction Scale(Slade, 1990) BSQ:Body Shape Questionnaire(Cooper, 1987) EDEQ:Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire -Shape & Weight Concerns(Fairburn, 1994) EDI:Eating Disorder Inventory -Body Dissatisfaction Scale(Garner, 1983) *(EDI-91:志村, 2001 ←橘, 2015; EDI-BD: 山宮・鳥井(2011)← 中島, 2015) MBSRQ:Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire -Appearance Scales(Brown, 1990) SIQYA:Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents -Body Image Subscale(Peterson, 1984) BICI:The Body Image Concern Inventory(Littleton, 2005)*(田中, 2011; 田中, 2013; Tanaka, 2015) State measures BISS:Body Image States Scale(Cash, 2002) PASTAS:Physical Appearance State & Trait Anxiety Scale(Reed, 1991) VAS:Visual Analogue Scales(Birkeland, 2005) Cognitive measures ASI-R:Appearance Schemas Inventory-Revised(Cash, 2004)*(JASI-R: 安保, 2012) ABCD:Assessment of Body-Image Cognitive Distortions(Jakatdar, 2006) ABSS:Attention to Body Shape Scale(Beebe, 1995) BCCQ:Body Checking Cognitions Questionnaire(Mountford, 2006) SATAQ-4:Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (Thompson, 2004)  *(SATAQ-3 JS: 山宮・鳥井, 2012; ATAQ-3R: 浦上, 2015; SATAQ-4: Yamamiya, 2016) 痩身願望尺度(馬場, 2000) Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26)(Garner, Olmsted, Bohr, & Garfinkel, 1982)*(Mukai, 1998; 山宮, 2011) Behavioral measures BCQ:Body Checking Questionnaire(Reas, 2002) BIAQ:Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire(Rosen, 1991) BIAS:Body Image Avoidance Scale(Engle, 2008) BICAS:Body Image Compulsive Actions Scale(Engle, 2008) Male body image measures DL:Drive for Leanness(Smolak, 2008) DMAQ:Drive for Muscularity Attitudes Questionnaire(Morrison, 2004) DMS:Drive for Muscularity Scale(McCreary, 2004)*(五十嵐, 2011) MBID:Masculine Body Ideal Distress(Kimmel, 2004) MBAS:Male Body Attitudes Scale(Tylka, 2005) MSBC:Male-Specific Body Checking(Hildebrandt, 2010) MASS:Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale(Mayville, 2002) SMA:Swansea Muscularity Attitudes -Drive for Muscularity Subscale(Edwards, 2000) Affective measures OBCS:objectified Body Consciousness Scale -Body Shame(McKinley, 1996) PASTAS:Physical Appearance State & Trait Anxiety Scale(Reed, 1991) SIBID:Situational Inventory of Body-Image Dysphoria(Cash, 2002) YWANES-S:青年期女性の外 見に関する否定的感情測定尺度―状態版―(安保, 2013) YWANES-T :青年期女性の外見に関する否定的 感情測定尺度―特性版―(安保, 2014)
  • 19. MBSRQ-AS:Multidimensional Body-SelfRelationsQuestionnaire –Appearance Scales(Cash) cognitive-affective-behavioral  ▶The MBSRQ-AS is a 34-item self-report inventory composed of five subscales(Marco, 2017; Roncero, 2015)   Appearance Evaluation (AE):7-item, assesses evaluative beliefs and feelings of attractiveness or unattractiveness, and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with one’s appearance   Appearance Orientation (AO):12-item, assesses the degree of cognitive and behavioral investment in one’s appearance   Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS):9-item, assesses satisfaction or dissatisfaction with specific body areas & attributes                    (face, hair, lower torsomid torso, upper torso, muscle tone, weight, height, overall appearance)   Overweight Preoccupation (OP):4-item, assesses fat anxiety, weight vigilance, dieting, and eating restraint   Self-Classified Weight (SCW):2-item, assesses how one perceives his or her weight, very underweight - very overweight  ▶5-point Likert-type scale  ▶the importance of using measures that assess the two attitudinal dimensions of body image: evaluation and investment (Cash, 2011) DBIQ/DKB-35:the Dresden Body Image Questionnaire(Pöhlmann, 2008)← ドイツ語 cognitive-affective  ▶35-item questionnaire with positively and negatively worded items  ▶thoughts, beliefs, and conceptual aspects of patient's body experiences in five different domains   body acceptance (“I wish I had a different body”) vitality (“I am physically fit”) self-aggrandizement(“I use my body to attract attention”)   physical contact(“I do not like people touching me”) sexual fulfillment(“I am very satisfied with my sexual experiences“)  ▶5-point Likert scale BSQ:the Body Self Questionnaire(Sakson-Obada, 2009)← ポーランド語  ▶body-mind: the body as an object (body image), and the body as a core aspect of self-experience.  ▶body self(BS)is a complex three-dimensional struc- ture of personality that introduces bodily experiences on the mental plane:  (1) functions, (2) the sense of body identity, (3) representations of sensations, body states, and body characteristics (e.g., body image)  ▶78-81-item in the version for women and men, respectively  ・4 sub-scales which measure disturbances in body experience    Lowered threshold:7-item(“Sometimes even a gentle touch is painful”)→perceptional    Heightened threshold:10-item(“Sometimes all or part of my body is insensitive to pain”)→perceptional    Interpretation of emotion and physiological needs:13-item(“It’s difficult for me to find the right words for my feelings”)    Regulation of emotion and physiological needs:20-item(“Sometimes I cannot stop eating, even though I am not hungry”)  ・Sense of body identity:10-item(“Sometimes I feel dead inside”)  ・3 scales measure body image satisfaction:the body as the object of perception and affective evaluation    Appearance satisfaction:8-item(“I feel physically attractive”)    Fitness satisfaction:5-item for women, 6-item for men(“I have good motor coordination”)    Acceptance of biological sex:5-item for women, 7-item for men(“I’d rather be a person devoid of sex attributes”)  ▶5-point Likert scale 西欧諸国で信頼性・妥当性が確認されている ポーランド(Brytek-Matera, 2015)|フランス(Untas, 2009)|ドイツ (Vossbeck-Elsebusch, 2014)|アメリカ(Cash; Hrabosky, 2009)|ギリシャ (Argyrides, 2014; Costarelli, 2011)|スペイン(Bottella, 2009; Roncero, 2015; Senín-Calderón, 2017)|トルコ(Dogan, 1992 ← Hatipoglu, 2014)
  • 20. ▶︎effective stand-alone interventions ▶︎adverse interventions ※Alleva(2015)を基に作成
  • 21.