India Of The Indus Valley Civilization

India Of The Indus Valley Civilization
India, the Indus Valley civilization is truly an ancient seat of human civilization. Being the seventh largest country in the world, India has always been
rich in both natural and human resources. So far as human history goes India towers in its achievements among which would be included written
language, philosophy and one of the earliest large scale urban civilizations. The history of India is replete with many examples of the integration of
indigenous peoples with the migrating peoples of the ancient world. As a modern country India has successfully integrated a hugely diverse mixture
of races into a functioning and democratic nation state. India's population of over 1 billion speak hundreds of different languages yet they manage to
live in relative harmony with each other. Such a wide diversity and acceptance places India at the center of a crossroad of cultures spanning from
Europe to China. India has absorbed all this in a way nearly unprecedented in world history. Finally India can be considered the birthplace of organized
religion starting with Hinduism and spawning others like Buddhism and Sikhism. In later times India also absorbed the Islamic invasions and thereby
spread its cultural influence throughout the Arab Islamic world. India's 5000 year history illustrates just how successful the idea of unity in diversity
can really be.
Political overview:
India, officially the Republic of India is a huge country in South Asia with a population of 1.2 billion growing
Get more content on HelpWriting.net

The Indus Valley Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization:
In the region of South Asia, Indus Valley civilization is acknowledged as the oldest civilization which is situated in the region of India's western drift
and Indus River (Hirst, 2017). This civilization performed central government and delivered well developed cities and towns along with compositions
and controlled food productions. This civilization is different from those of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and hence was not overwhelmed by intense
figures of religion (Green, 2016). No sanctuaries were manufactured and no pictures of state divine beings or lords have been found. Deforestation,
environmental change and a progression of intrusions all added to the decline of the Indus civilization. The Indus Valley Civilizationis also
acknowledged as Indus civilization which was situated in a zone of somewhere in the range of 1.6 million square kilometers in what is today eastern
Pakistan and northeastern India between around 2500–1900 BC (Hirst, 2017).
Indus Valley Seals:
Alexander Cunningham, in 1870, distributed a few discoveries uncover at Harappa under the establishment of the Archeological Survey of India. That
demonstrate some inquisitive protest among them, a 1*1 inch of smooth engraved mud, covered in the vestiges (Rao et al., 2009). The piece was not
cleaned and appeared to engrave the sculpture of a bull. It was at first suspected that the seal was a not a local possession rather a foreign object. Later
on numerous such revelations were

In Ancient India, the Indus River area help build and flourish one of the earliest civilizations. The Indus Civilization flourished through in areas of
economy and transport, cultivation, and religion. The structure of these people was so unique and worked so well for the civilization for a long time,
well until it didn't. The culture of these people helped most other countries build the base of their culture and gave the basic idea of what a civilization
is. The civilization was first formed in 3100 B.C. in a time period known as the bronze age. They lived in the area which is current day north–eastern
Afghanistan to north–western India Economy in the Indus Civilization was a major component to their everyday lives. They made a lot of jewelry,

The Bronze Era consisted of four major river valley civilizations, the Nile in Egypt, Tigris–Euphrates in Mesopotamia, Huang He in China, and the
Indus in India. These civilizations had the advantage of fertile soil and easy transportation due to the rivers that they lived by. All of these civilizations
boomed when they began and survived for thousands of years, but one, the Indus ValleyCivilization. Although the Indus Valley Civilization declined
from 1900 BC to 1300 BC, nevertheless it was far more sophisticated than Mesopotamia because of their planned cities, their advanced drainage
system, and their trade with Mesopotamia and within their civilization. The beginning of the Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan
Civilization,

Abstract
Introduction
The Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE) was the one among the greatest early civilzation of the Old World alongside the ancient Egypt and
Mesopotamia (Wright 2009, Wright 2010), which developed in South Asia along perennially flowing Indus and Ghaggar–Hakra ( also called as
Saraswati) river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan (Wright 2010, Giosan 2012, Maemoku 2013). Though least studies so far, emerging
archeological studies suggest that the Indus Valley (oftenly called Harappa) might have been most wide spread, extending across today's northwest
Pakistan deep into western India and carried probably more than five million people at its peak (Kahn 2005, McIntosh 2008). Reduced water supply
has possibly caused the civilization's demise and eastward movement of its population (Madella 2006, MacDonald 2011, Brooke 2014) towards the
Gangetic plain after its decline (Possehl 1999; McIntosh 2002:11) giving rise to many succeeding Vedic tradition linked cultures reinforced by reports
of many religious artefacts of Hindu practices from Indus Valley locations (Mishra 2001). The northwestern region of pre–partition India was the centre
for Indus Valley civilizationand for the shift from hunting–gathering to the societies with settled agriculture and domesticated animals (Allchin and
Allchin 1997) well supported by archeological discoveries of first agricultural occupation in the Indus basin near Mehrgarh (now in Pakistan) and
surrounding areas

The Indian society adopted a class or caste system from the Indus Valley people. Just like the Indus society had priest rulers, the Indian society has the
high class Indian Brahmins, which are seen as the priestly class. Trade was a very big part of the Indus Valley society, everything that they did,
everything that they made was to ensure that they were able to create and trade more effectively. The class system during theIndus Valley civilizationis
extremely similar to the class system seen in Pakistan and India today. There were farmers, who grew crops, mustard, sesame, grapes, dates, melons,
and khan. There were traders, these people were extremely good at what they did, and this is one of the reasons why the Indus Valley Civilization
was able to prosper for so long. There were craftsmen, these people made things for people to use in everyday life. Just like today, they would be
people that would make things and other people who would buy them. This contributed to the stability of the Indus civilization. Just like most ancient
civilizations, priests played an important part in ruling the civilization. They were seen as the closest to God, and that is why they were given such
authority and power. For people who follow religions, the religious leaders are very important because they are seen as all knowing & are respected
by the people of the religious community.
Just like the present, people in the Indus Valley Civilization loved fashion and some of these fashions

Indus Valley Civilization And Early Trade
Indus valley Civilization and Early Trade Earliest indian civilization lies between the Indus and Saraswati Rivers The Himalaya separate India and
Pakistan from Tajikistan and China Farming on flood plains started in 6,000 BCE Mohenjo–Daro and Harappa Cities/ Villages were built from fired
bris– roads were just large enough for two large carts and some pedestrians because of theocracy priests served as representatives for the gods cities
usually depended on farms that were irrigated for a source of food The decline if the Indus valley sped up when nomads started to move in The Vedic
Epoch Aryans were some of the earliest nomads in ancient Asia Vedas are are old oral epics that were written down long after the Aryan Invasion The

Indus Valley Civilization Research Paper
Life was good in the Indus Valley, they were able to make their own clothes since spindles were found at the site. They grew their own food, food was
plentiful, and they had many huge cities with numerous arts and craft, and craftsmen in their cities. They built homes in their cities, and they had
livestock. This early civilization was quite advanced. They had religion and religious ceremonies. Their cities were so well planned that compared to
our cities they were much better laid out. Anyhow, they had entertainment, and a very diverse cultural life. This civilization is truly marvelous and
unique considering the

The Indus Valley Civilization was located in floodplains of the Indus and Saraswati. Their rivers flooded twice a year on the dot. They flourished
around 3,000 B.C.E. They were one of the largest ancient civilizations. They had great cities some of the best known were Harappa and Mohenjo
Daro. They started trading with Mesopotamian in 3,500 B.C.E. They had great cities some of the best known were Harappa and Mohenjo Daro.
Archaeologists found more than 1,500 sites. Homes were multistory made with uniform bricks and their streets were perpendicular. Homes also had
natural air conditioning by building them to catch the wind. Most homes were connected to an underground drainage system that used gravity. Some of
their largest buildings or rooms were bathhouses. Archaeologists thought they were peaceful because the found no weapons and are thought to have
faded into obscurity. There are three ways people think this happened either they were defenseless because they had no weapons, they destroyed their
environment or there was an earthquake that changed the environment. The Mesopotamian Civilization was located in modern Iraq between the rivers
Tigris and Euphrates Potamoi. They helped create writing and taxes. They started appearing 5,000 years ago. Farmers contributed their crops to public
storehouses where workers were paid in grain. There was a lot of conflicts between country and city. In the cities, there was a canal system and a
couple of monumental

The people in the Indus Valley had an advanced civilization. They had an efficient working sewer system. It showed they were an advanced
civilization because most people at that time did not have that sort of innovation. It carried waste away from houses so that the city will be clean and
diseases free. They also had a grid system for their roads and pathways. It showed they have an advanced civilization because other civilizations did not
have such an organized government system that could organize, construct and plan a grid system for the roads and pathways for the city. It shows that
they had good architectural knowledge. Another reason why the people of the Indus Valley civilizationwere part of an advanced civilization is that of
their

Tryphena Jeyakumar
Mr. Salba, 6th period
Long Essay Question
August 18, 2017 The development of complex societies in the early days impacted many of the surrounding regions. One of the civilizations that arose
with two major complex cities was the Indus Valley civilization. There were many causes that created the first cities of the Indus Valley. They could
have been shared cultures or religious similarities that brought the great cities of Mohenjo–Daro and Harappa to life. But the main cause that impacted
these cities was because of agricultural purposes. The cause of the successful civilization of the Indus Valley was because of the Agricultural
Revolutions, a time in which the early peoples turned to food production and cultivation. As...show more content...
The Indus Valley is an area with widespread cultivation lands, and that is why many farmers and other people decided to permanently set their roots
here. And because they relied on agriculture, the effect was the development of culture, new technology and even religion. The people of the Indus
Valley needed more efficient ways to plant crops, so they developed new technology, and also invented ways to build a strong central community. And
since they needed to rely on good weather for the crops, they developed a religion, centering perhaps on an earth mother or a nature deity. Even though
the single main cause was because of the expansion of agriculture, the effects are bigger and all stemmed from agricultural

The peaceful, wealthy and structured Indus Valley Civilisation fell apart between the time of 1900BC and 1700BC. The combination of floods in some
areas, drought, anarchy and supposedly natural disasters brought the Civilisation that was once flourishing between 2600BC and 1900BC to the
ground. Some historians speculate the Indus Valley Civilisation was devastated by a great war. Hindu poems titled the Rig Veda (1500BC) explain
northern invaders conquering the Indus Valley cities. But, despite the physical annihilation of the Indus Civilisation, only the cities fell into ruins.
Farmers in the Indus Valley continued living in their villages, and the monsoons "de–urbanized" them. The Indian Religion Hinduism appears to have
close connections with the ancient Indus religion. Some of the Hindu gods are very similar to the gods shown on Indus Valley seals. The Indus
Valley people considered water as being Holy, and the Hindus believe they are 'purified' in a religious way when they bathe in the sanctified Ganges
River. The Indus Valley Civilisation was destroyed from the outside, but many features of the Civilisation and people lived on.
Distinct from most major religions, Hinduism doesn't have a central person who claims they are the founder of it. In its place, there is an intricate
origin which dates back five thousand years to the people that lived in the Indus Valley Civilisation. When the Aryan communities of Persia attacked
the Indus Valley around the time of 1700 BC, the

Indus Valley Civilization Essay
The Indus Valley civilization is located in India along the Indus River. India is a subcontinent in a region known as South Asia. Two capital cities in
this area are Mohenjo–Daro and Harappa. To this day it includes three out of ten of the world's most populous countries, two mountain nations, and an
island nation. Which includes India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh(countries), Nepal and Bhutan(mountains), and Sri Lanka(island). The Indus civilization
lasted from 2600 to 1900 B.C. and was known as the Harappan civilization. The Early Harappan phase 3300–2600 B.C., Mature Harappan phase
2600–1900 B.C., and the Late Harappan phase 1900–1300 B.C. are the three time phases that separated the Indus Valley civilization. In 1865
constructors where...show more content...
Another economic trait is that India is divided into three major zones: the dry Deccan plateau, the coastal plains on either side of the Deccan, and the
Gangetic Plain in the north. The Deccan juts into the Indian Ocean as a plateau, which lacks much of melting snow that leads into rivers and causes
unproductive agriculture, arid parts, and populated sparsely. The Gangetic Plain is watered by mighty rivers such as the Indus River, Ganges, and
Brahmaputra which carried melting snow from the mountains. The coastal plains are below Deccan because its separation from low–lying mountain
ranges, which contains the Eastern and Western Ghats and because of the low–lying mountains, farmers receive lots of rain water. In the Indus Valley
there is not many records to state how their society actually but artifacts such as pottery, seals, weights, and bricks. Archeologists suggest that they
show some type of authority and governance, though it is not clear. Various theories have developed over time such as that a single state surrounded all
of the communities of the civilization. It is supported by artifacts, standardized ratio of brick size, the evidence of planned settlements, and the apparent
establishment of sources near sources of raw material. Also that there was no single ruler, but a number of rulers representing different communities.
Clues from statues and images on

Indus Valley Polytheism
The early river valley civilizations are different and similar in many ways. The one and
big similarity of Sumer, Egypt, and the Indus Valley would have is that they were all
worshipping more than one god as of which we call it "polytheism." First off, since Egypt,
Sumer, and the Indus Valley were all polytheistic in their own ways, those places also had
"empires." This shows the thing about Egypt, Sumer, and the Indus Valley is that they can be
similar in things that they do but except they can do their own ways differently than the others, as
an example, since Egypt has their slaves as to also have jobs as warriors, then it would be
different if Sumer or the Indus Valleycivilization has the potential for protecting their slaves,...show more content...
First off, we definitely know
that Egypt is a country(or a region) in northeastern Egypt. Second, to combine, we already know
that Egypt has more than 2,000 temples and each temple, there is a god for each Egyptian to
worship. Third and finally, Egypt has developed something interesting called "hieroglyphics,"
which is to, to make it real short and interesting, worshipping all types of different civilization
idols. Since we are done with Egypt, we move on to the Indus Valley civilization. As we said

Egypt, Sumer and the Indus Valley were different in many ways, it can still relate to the other
two civilizations in many ways. First, The Indus Valley can be located in about 4 countries of
Southern Asia which are Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and the biggest country of them all, India.
The second and final thing about the Indus Valley is that they were the first ever known
civilization in the Southern asia country, India. We move on to the Indus Valley, and we are
finally are on Sumer. One thing that was independent in Sumer was that they only worshipped "4
Gods." This shows that Egypt could not worship as many gods as Egypt because Sumer

Development Of Indus Valley Civilization
The Indus Valley Civilization Is the first known Urban Culture in India. Majority of the sites developed on the banks of river Indus, Ghaggar and its
tributaries. This civilisation is credited for building cities complete with : town planning, sanitation, drainage system and broad well–laid roads. Persian
empire includes Cyrus the great and his establishments, Darius I and his establishments, and the religion during the persian empire. It also included the
achievements and religions of india and explains and talks about how buddhism and hinduism were created and spread across the indus valley
civilization . The persian empire was established by Cyrus the great, controlled areas from asia minor to india, was the largest empire in the world
at that time period, and had a tolerance over people. Then there was Darius I who unified the persian empire. The development of the imperial
bureaucracy started where the empire was divided into provinces called satrapies headed by officials called satraps and each strappy paid taxes
based on wealth and resources. The development of road systems occurred and the economics was a coin, and there was a system of weights and
measurements which switched from a barter economy to a money economy.The religion of Persia was Zoroastrianism the belief in two opposing
forces in the universe. Zoroaster taught that one god, Ahura Mazda, ruled the world. Ahura Mazda was in constant battle with Ahriman, prince of lies
and evil and each person had to choose a side. And on the final judgment day, people would be judged for their actions during life and this influenced
Christianity and Islam (heaven, hell, judgment day).
Then there was India and its two main cities were Harappa and Mohenjo–Daro (main cities). Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra Rivers, Hindu Kush, E. and
W. Ghats, Himalayan Mountains, and the Deccan plateaus are main areas in india.
Some of the people in India were Aryans and they were nomads who intermarried and settled down, as they blended their nomadic culture with the
Indus Valley culture. They Migrated down from the North and their assertion of dominance conquered Indus Valley.
They had a caste system which influenced all social interactions and choices of occupations. The

The Indus Valley Civilizations
Ancient Economy Indus Valley Report The Indus Valley civilization, which lasted from 5,500 B.C.E to 1,500 B.C.E, was one of the most
advanced ancient civilizations of all time and it had an economy which was extremely dependent on trade, agriculture, hunting, and pottery.
Through trade, the Indus Valley Civilizations exchanged many technologies with other major civilizations and this allowed them to become one of
the most successful civilizations of all time. Although their cities, which had buildings with multiple stories and were air conditioned, were made
out of mud bricks as compared to the tall metal skyscrapers of today, Indus Valley was one of the first large human settlements on Earth. This
coupled with inventions such as buttons, irrigation, the seal, and the ruler, helped Indus Valley to go down in history as a civilization which was
ahead of its time. The economy of Indus Valley was very diverse. It specialized in producing dates, grapes and melons; cotton for cotton cloths; and
other crops such as wheat and peas. Indus Valley is known to be the first place that cotton was cultivated and used to weave cloths. This was a
revolutionary advancement since cotton is one of the most used resources today. This proves that Indus Valley was a really valuable ancient
civilization which was way ahead of its time. The use of cotton allowed them to step up as a unique and valuable trading partner since they provided a
product which was scarcely found. This along with the

Artifact Of Indus Valley Civilization
The Indus Valley Civilization was an early civilization between 3000 B.C to 15000 B.C and as the civilization collapsed, archaeologist found a 3–D
figurine of a man on a structure with wheels, attached to two animal like figures. The artifact reflects on innovation used by this society by the use of
the wheel. As the wheel was first invented, it was mainly used as a "potter wheel" just to shape and mold ceramic ware and they innovated from that
idea of a wheel, to a transportation device as shown in the artifact. Also, the artifact teaches us about a belief in this society by displaying they believed
in efficiency. The man was transporting on wheels and with the help of animals to make it easier and faster for travelling. Another thing that

The Indus valley civilizations was an intriguing and sophisticated ancient culture and also a major contributor in the development of what later came to
be known as "Hinduism" . The civilization was founded "accidentally" in the 19th century when the British engineers were searching for ballast for a
railway line in north–western India (which is now modern day Pakistan) and found the remains of what seemed to be an ancient city which was only
known only to locals until then. In the early 20th century, when other similar sites were uncovered, archaeologists realized the significance of the
discovery, which turned out to be one of the most prospering civilizations of the ancient world. It is called TheIndus Valley Civilizationbecause most
of its settlements are situated along the banks of the Indus River .The largest and most important of this civilization were its two prospering cities
known as Mohenjo–Daro and Harappa. These names are of post–Indus origin as they were given with reference to the towns built much later on the
ruins of these ancient cities. During their prosperous period,, Mohenjo–Daro and Harappa had a population of around 40–50 thousand, which was a lot
by ancient standards. Both of these cities were highly organized and strategically planned, and displayed remarkably similar features during their
excavation. Given the structure of the cities, archaeologists suggest that there may have been a central authority for code enforcement and the Harappan

India Of The Indus Valley Civilization

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to India Of The Indus Valley Civilization

Similar to India Of The Indus Valley Civilization (9)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

India Of The Indus Valley Civilization