1. COFFE
Coffee is slightly acidic and can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine
content. Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It can be prepared and presented in
a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, cappuccino, cafe latte, etc.). It is usually served hot, although
iced coffee is also served. The majority of recent research suggests that moderate coffee
consumption is benign or mildly beneficial in healthy adults.
Coffee is a major export commodity: it is the top agricultural export for numerous countries and
among the world's largest legal agricultural export.And one of the most valuable commodities
exported by developing countries. Green (unroasted) coffee is one of the most traded agricultural
commodities in the world Some controversy is associated with coffee cultivation and the way
developed countries trade with developing nations and the impact of its cultivation on the
environment, in regards to clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. Consequently, fair
trade coffee and organic coffee are an expanding market.
Several species of shrub of the genus Coffea produce the berries from which coffee is extracted.
The two main species commercially cultivated are Coffea canephora (predominantly a form known
as 'robusta') and C. arabica. C. arabica, the most highly regarded species, is native to the
southwestern highlands of Ethiopia and the Boma Plateau in southeastern Sudan and possibly
Mount Marsabit in northern Kenya.C. canephora is native to western and central Subsaharan
Africa, from Guinea to the Uganda and southern Sudan.Less popular species are C. liberica, C.
stenophylla, C. mauritiana, and C. racemosa.
Coffee ingestion on average is about a third of that of tap water in North America and Europe. Worldwide, 6.7 million metric
tons of coffee were produced annually in 1998–2000, and the forecast is a rise to seven million metric tons annually by 2010.
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