This document discusses food adulteration, including the types, effects, detection methods, and incidents caused by adulterated food. It notes that adulteration reduces the nutritional value of food and can cause health issues. Common adulterants include metals, chemicals, and extraneous materials added intentionally or unintentionally for financial gain. Key food products prone to adulteration are identified along with methods for detecting adulteration in foods like milk, spices, sweets and more. Recent outbreaks linked to adulterated food are also summarized.

2.  Introduction
 Types of Food Adulteration
 Effects of Adulterants
 Top food products prone to Adulteration
 Detection of Food Adulteration
 Incidents caused by Food Adulterations
 Conclusion
 References

3.  Adulteration is a substance which
reduces the vital importance of food.
 Adulteration in food is added for
various reasons which include financial
gain, carelessness and lack in proper
hygienic condition of processing,
storing, transportation and selling.

4. 1. Intended
Adulterants
3. Incidental
Adulterants
2. Metallic
Contamination

5.  It may include adulterants like sand,
marble chips, stone, water, coal tar
dyes, mud, mineral oil and chalk
powder.
 Such adulterants harm the human
body.

6.  Metals like arsenic, lead and tin are
present in pesticide, water and cans
respectively are responsible for metallic
contamination of food products.
 Such adulterants unintentionally become
a part of food during processing.

7.  Incidental adulterants are pesticides
residues, dropping of rodents, larvae in
foods.
 Incidental adulterants are pesticides,
D.D.T. and residues presents on the plant
product.

8.  Increase the impurity in food- Food
Adulteration increases the impurity in
the food items thus making it imperfect
to consume.
 Lack of nutritional value- Adultered
food is of low quality and has no or very
less nutritional values.
 Leads to various diseases- Due to the
consumption of adulterated food, we can
get various chronic diseases like Liver
Disorder, Diarrhea, Stomach disorder,
Food Poisoning etc.

9.  Adulteration is done to every possible product so that the profit can be
maximized.
Sr.no. Food Item Adulterant
1. Milk Water
2. Ice-Cream Washing Powder
3. Red Chilli Powder Brick Powder
4. Sweets Starch
5. Tea Iron Fillings/ Colored
leaves
6. Honey Water
7. Coffee Chicory
8. Sugar Chalk
9. Turmeric Metanil Yellow

10.  Milk
1. Water- Put a drop of milk on polished
vertical surface. The drop of pure milk
is flow slowly and left a white trail
behind it, but if milk is adulterated
with water will flow immediately
without leaving a mark.
2. Urea- Take 5ml of milk in a test tube
and add 2 drops of bromothymol blue
soln . Development of blue color after
10 minutes indicates presence of urea.

11.  Ice-cream
 Washing Powder- Put some lemon juice,
bubbles are observed on the presence of
washing powder.
 Red Chilli Powder
 Brick Powder- Brick Powder settles fast
chilli powder settles slowly when put in
water.

12.  Sweets
 Starch- Starch turns purple when added
to iodine sample.
 Tea
 Coloured leaves- Rub leaves on white
paper, artificial colour comes out on
paper.
 Iron fillings- Move a magnet through the
sample. Iron will stick to the magnet.

13.  Honey
 Water- A cotton wick dipped in pure
honey burns with a match stick. If
adulterated presence of water will not
allow the honey to burn, if it does it will
produce a cracking voice.
 Coffee
 Chicory- Gently sprinkle the coffee
powder on surface of water in a glass.
The coffee floats over the water but
chicory begins to sink down within few
seconds.

14.  Sugar
 Chalk- Dissolve sugar in a glass of water,
chalk will settle down at the bottom,
similarly for salt.
 Turmeric powder
 Metanil Yellow- Add a few drop of HCl
to the extract of turmeric from water.
Instant appearance of violet, when the
colour persists when diluted with water
indicates the presence of metanil yellow.

15.  Bihar school meal poisoning incident-On 16 July 2013, at least 23 students
died and dozens more fell ill at a primary school in the village of
Dharmashati Gandaman in the Saran district of the Indian state of Bihar after
eating a Midday Meal contaminated with pesticide.

16.  South African listeriosis outbreak-The
2017–18 South African listeriosis
outbreak is an ongoing widespread
outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes food
poisoning that resulted from contaminated
processed meats produced by Enterprise
Foods, a subsidiary of Tiger Brands, in
Polokwane. As of 12 March 2018, there
have been 183 deaths and 973 confirmed
infections. It is the world's worst ever
listeriosis outbreak.

17.  From above slides and discussions we can summarize that the adulteration
which is been added in the food items can cause tremendous affect on
health without our knowledge. Adulteration can be prevent by few alerting
steps of our society, like as proper knowledge of hygienic condition and
good quality products.

18.  ‘Sharma Ameeta’, Batra Neha’, ‘Garg Anjali’, ‘Saxena Anjali’, “Food
Adulteration: A Review”, published by International Journal For Research
in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), volume-5,
issue-march03,2017 ISSN:2321-9653.
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