The presentation includes a brief introduction of pharmacology

1. Introduction:- Pharmacology

2. Pharmacology
• It is a science of drugs,
• It mainly deals with the interaction of exogenously administered
chemical molecules with living systems.
• Rudolf Buchheim founded the first institute of Pharmacology in
1947 in Germany.
• In 19th century, Oswald Scheideberg regarded as father of
Pharmacology
• Two main divisions of pharmacology
– Pharmacodynamics
– Pharmacokinetics

3. Pharmacodynamics- what drug does to body
• It includes physiological, biological effects of drugs and their
mechanism of action at organ system/ subcellular / macromolecule
levels.
Adrenaline
Adrenoreceptor Cyclic 3’ 5’ AMP
Adenylyl cyclase
G-protein
1) Cardiac stimulation
2) Hepatic glycogenolysis
3) Hyperglycemia

4. Pharmacokinetics- What the body does to the drug
• Refers to:-
– Movement of the drug &
– Alteration of the drug by the body
• It includes:-
– Absorption
– Distribution
– Binding/localisation/storage
– Biotransformation
– Excretion
Paracetamol
1. Rapidly and almost completely absorbed by
the body.
2. Attain peak level at 30-60 min
3. 25% bound to plasma protein
4. Widely & uniformly distributed in the body
1l/kg.
5. Extensively metabolised into liver (by
glucoronide and sulfate conjugation into
inactive metabolite)
6. Inactive metabolites excreted into urine
Plasma half life:- 2-3 hours
Clearance value:- 5ml/kg/min