Ergonomic approaches

1. ERGONOMIC
APPROACHES TO
WORKSTATION DESIGN
OF COMPUTER WORKERS
BY
TELI UBAIDULLAH
KUNDAN KUMAR

2. WHAT IS ERGONOMICS AND WORKPLACE
DESIGN?
• Workplace ergonomics is the science
of designing the workplace, keeping in mind the capabilities
and limitations of the worker.
• A workplace ergonomics improvement process removes
risk factors that lead to musculoskeletal injuries and allows for
improved human performance and productivity.

3. WHY WE SHOULD DO ?
• Adjusting the height of the workstation to preferred positions of
displays and controls can reduce visual, neck, shoulder and back
strains.
• If the display screen, keyboard and chair height can be easily
adjusted, both large and small workers can use the same
workstation comfortably.
• The prolonged use of a laptop computer on a standard desk can
be straining to the neck, hands, wrists and shoulders. This is
because laptops have smaller and lower displays, smaller
keyboards and track pads. Adjustable workstations can avoid

4. WHY WE SHOULD DO ?
•Computer peripherals that are well arranged within
the reach of the worker can reduce unnecessary
overreaching motions and secure adequate lighting
while reducing screen glare.
•Well-adjusted computer workstations can help
workers organize their work at their own pace.
Workers can thus insert micro-pauses that help them
recover from fatigue and work.

5. RISKS & SYMPTOMS
•upper limb disorder
• eye strain
• repetitive strain
• muscular strain
• stress-induced disorder

6. COMPUTER RELATED HEALTH ISSUES

7. DESIGN OF WORK STATION

8. DESIGN OF WORK STATION

9. HOW WE SHOULD DO ?
1. Use height-adjustable furniture including a table, a chair, and a computer
monitor .The table must be adjustable to fit a range of short to tall workers
(in most cases 56–72 cm).The chair must have adjustable seat height and
backrest angle. The computer monitor (either a CRT or an LCD) should be of
adjustable height.
2. If a work table of adjustable height is not available, use low tables
for smaller workers and higher
tables for larger workers to keep the keyboard at elbow level. If only
high tables are available,
provide smaller workers with a high chair and a footrest positioned so
that both their feet are flat on the footrest.

10. HOW WE SHOULD DO ?
3. If a laptop is used, a flat panel LCD is preferred
that the worker can use while raising the head with a
better viewing angle, possibly together with an
external keyboard.
4. Provide support for input devices such as a
keyboard and a mouse. If a keyboard tray is used,
position it below the elbow level . The mouse should
be close to the worker so that no over-stretching
occurs.

11. HOW WE SHOULD DO ?
5. Organize the work items and workstation
elements (e.g. overhead cabinet, desk light,
document holder, etc.) to be within arm reach of the
worker . The primary workspace within easy reach
must accommodate the input device , while the
secondary workspace is used for the monitor and
document holder, etc.
6. To avoid clutter, cables should be bunched
together in a special cable management facility.

12. SOME MORE HINTS
— Train users on correct sitting posture at the workstation.
Educate users on the use of various controls on the
adjustable chair.
— If a standing CPU is used, position it on the side of the
table. Other items that are not required should be stored
away (e.g. archive manuals, documents) to increase
legroom.
— Schedule rest periods to enable stretching and visual
exercises such as looking back and forth on far and close
objects.

13. LIST OF EXERCISES FOR PROLONG TIME USERS

14. THANK YOU