1. Capture Technology
Selection and Deployment
UKCCSC Winter School Jan 2012
Jeremy Carey, Technology Manager, SSE

2. Content
• SSE
• CCS in SSE Strategy
• CCPilot100+ R&D Programme
• Peterhead Technology Selection

3. SSE Background
Generation Networks
Customers Services
Strategy
“To deliver sustained real growth in the dividend payable to
shareholders through the efficient operation of, and investment in, a
balanced range of economically-regulated and market-based energy
businesses.”

4. UK CCS Deployment Drivers
CCC 4th Carbon Budget: Reducing CO2 through the 2020s
300g/kWhr
120Mte CO2 / 400TWhrs
150g/kWhr
60Mte CO2 / 400TWhrs
50g/kWhr
20Mte CO2 /
400TWhrs

5. GB Generation 2030
120
A >60 Mte / year
CO2 overspend
100 (@400TWhrs)
80
Mte CO2
Gas
60
40
nB udget
20 2030 Carbo
Nuclear Renewable Coal
0
0 100 200 300 400
TWhrs

6. Why Flexible CCS? (Or Why not more wind / nuclear?)
Poyry: “How wind generation could transform gas markets in GB and Ireland”, 2010
Weather patterns of January 2000 but with wind penetration of 2030

7. CCS: A low Carbon Wind / Nuclear Enabler
• Already examples where wind farms have been bid OFF and fossil plant
held ON by NG to maintain constrained grid stability
• 5th / 6th April 2011
– High rain and wind led to need for downward regulation in Scotland
– Several Wind Farms bid OFF for several hours
• 16th May 2011
– Several Wind Farms bid OFF for several hours
– 2GTs at Peterhead and Longannet U3 held ON at low load at same time
• 21st September 2011
– Several Scottish Wind Farms bid OFF
– Several English Fossil Plant Held ON
– 2GTs at Peterhead held ON at low load…
• An indicator of the critical enabling role of flexible fossil capacity

8. Mapping Technology Deployment
Forest Fires Sparks
Technology Transfer Road Map
Bring In-House - Target key risks
No Reinvention!
Collaborate
Significant Funding:
Collaborate if Seek Funding
necessary
Strategic
Importance Camp Fires Tinderbox
Outsource R&D Feasibility @
Which Quadrant Universities
Knowledgeable
should CCS fit Customer Technology
into? Monitoring
Ventures?
Build R&D Networks
10 yrs
Time to Commercialisation

9. SSE CCS Strategy Overview
1. Engage in collaborative R&D
(OxyCoal1&2, CASSEM, CASS-CAP, CO2 Re-use, storage integrity…)
2. Pilot capture technology at scale
CCPilot100+ at Ferrybridge (Coal)
3. Demonstrate full chain on Gas
Peterhead CCGT Post Combustion Demo
Build company CCS operations know how
4. Be CCS Ready on future CCGT Fleet
Be ready to move when the time is right…
BUT avoid first mover disadvantage

10. First Mover Disadvantage?
Biomass
Offshore wind
Onshore wind
Unacceptable Acceptable Risk
Risk
Marine & Tidal
“Wall of death” Source EPRI

11. CCPilot100+
Driving Innovation

12. CCPilot100+ Project Objectives
• Confirmation of Performance
– Comparison with Renfrew Pilot
– Validation of Design Models
• Benchmarking DPS Technology vs. Market
– Steam / Electricity consumption
– Solvent Consumption
• UK Capacity Building
– SSE & Supply Chain “Informed Buyer, Informed Operator”
– Regulators, Academics, Wider Stakeholders

13. Core R&D Programme
Also includes corrosion coupon extraction and analysis
Phase 2 is similar but with a more advanced solvent

14. FERRYBRIDGE POWER STATION
Carbon Capture Pilot 100+ Plant
CONTRACT NUMBER 08290
FERRYBRIDGE POWER STATION
Carbon Capture Pilot 100+ Plant
CONTRACT NUMBER 08290
FERRYBRIDGE POWER STATION
Carbon Capture Pilot 100+ Plant
CONTRACT NUMBER 08290
Test Programme FERRYBRIDGE POWER STATION
Carbon Capture Pilot 100+ Plant
FERRYBRIDGE POWER STATION
Carbon Capture Pilot 100+ Plant
CONTRACT NUMBER 08290
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
RENFREW, UNITED KINGDOM.
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
RENFREW, UNITED KINGDOM.
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
CRAWLEY, UNITED KINGDOM.
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
CRAWLEY, UNITED KINGDOM.
 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
AND IS ONLY ALLOWED TO BE USED BY
EXPRESS PERMISSION & LICENCE FROM
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
CONTRACT NUMBER 08290  THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF
PHASE 0: Commissioning
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
AND IS ONLY ALLOWED TO BE USED BY
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS EXPRESS PERMISSION & LICENCE FROM
Overall Test Programme Test Protocol
RENFREW, UNITED KINGDOM. CRAWLEY, UNITED KINGDOM. DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
Test Protocol Campaign 0
 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF
PHASE 0: Commissioning
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS Document No: 08290-B601-PT-86300-0001-A
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
RENFREW, UNITED KINGDOM.
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
CRAWLEY, UNITED KINGDOM.
Campaign D
AND IS ONLY ALLOWED TO BE USED BY
EXPRESS PERMISSION & LICENCE FROM
Test Protocol DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
Test Protocol Campaign 0
comprising: DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
Campaign C AND IS ONLY ALLOWED
 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS EXPRESS PERMISSION &TO BE USED BY
PHASE 0: Commissioning No: 08290-B601-PT-86300-0001-A
LICENCE FROM
Document
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
RENFREW, UNITED KINGDOM.
Test Protocol
CRAWLEY, UNITED KINGDOM. DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF
Test Protocol Campaign Issue
01
Date
03/08/11
Revision
First Issue Doosan Power
Systems
Authors
03/08/11
Verifier
R A Gardiner 03/08/11
Approver
DPS: F D Fitzgerald
PHASE 0: Commissioning No: 08290-B601-PT-86300-0001-A
DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS Document
Campaign B
AND IS ONLY ALLOWED TO BE USED BY SSE: M Till
EXPRESS PERMISSION & LICENCE FROM
Test Protocol DOOSAN POWER SYSTEMS
Test Protocol Campaign 01
Issue Date
03/08/11
Revision
First Issue Doosan Power
Systems
Authors
03/08/11 R A Gardiner
Verifier
03/08/11
Approver
DPS: F D Fitzgerald
VAT: J Alin
PHASE 0: Commissioning 08290-B601-PT-86300-0001-A
Document No:
Campaign A
SSE: M Till
Test ProtocolTest Protocol Campaign1 0
Issue
Document No: 08290-B601-PT-86300-0001-A
Date
03/08/11
Revision
First Issue Doosan Power
Systems
Authors
03/08/11 R A Gardiner
Verifier
03/08/11
Approver
DPS: F D Fitzgerald
VAT: J Alin
Campaign 0
SSE: M Till
VAT: J Alin
Issue Date Revision Authors Verifier Approver
1 03/08/11 First Issue Doosan Power 03/08/11 R A Gardiner 03/08/11 DPS: F D Fitzgerald
Systems
Five Test Campaigns
SSE: M Till
VAT: J Alin
Issue Date Revision Authors Verifier Approver
1 03/08/11 First Issue Doosan Power 03/08/11 R A Gardiner 03/08/11 DPS: F D Fitzgerald
Systems
SSE: M Till
VAT: J Alin
Example Test Sets from Campaign 0
7-10 Test Sets 0/1 Baseline Performance / Lean Solvent Flow Rate Optimisation
Per campaign
LSF, STP
0/2 Absorber Performance
LSF, STP
2-9 Tests 0/3 TKOTM Optimisation
Per test set LSF, STP, TKF
0/4 Stripper Pressure Sensitivity
CST 0/4/1 LSF, STP, TKF, SPR
CST 0/4/2 CST 0/4/3 CST 0/4/4
(Base Case)
0/5 Lean Solvent Temperature Sensitivity
Lean Solvent Flow Rate kg/h
LSF LSF, STP, TKF, SPR, LST
Current Best Case LSF
3
(To Absorber C101) m /h
0/6 Flue Gas Inlet Temperature Sensitivity
LSF, STP, TKF, SPR, LST, FGT
Stripper Pressure (C102)
barg 1.241 1.15 1.20 1.302
SPR
0/7 Long Term Operation
Steam Pressure
barg Varied STP to achieve 90% CO2 Capture
STP

15. Possible CCPilot100+ Extensions
• CCGT Flue Gas Simulation
– Lower CO2 concentration: Capture Performance
– Higher O2 concentration: Solvent Degradation
• Inc. Flexibility
– Amine Tanks?
– Dehydration?
– Compression?

16. Challenges of GAS Capture….
Parameter Coal (UK) Gas (UK)
Inlet [CO2] >12% <4%
Capture more
Vented [CO2] (@90%) ~1.2% 0.4%
difficult on Gas
Inlet [O2] ~6% ~12%
CO2 Exported 70-90 35-45 Transport & Storage
(Mte / year / 100TWhrs) easier on Gas
UK TWhrs 2030 10 200 Gas Capture
more material
CO2 Redux Potential ~8 Mte / yr ~80 Mte / yr in GB Context

17. Clean ~4hr peak
Stripper and Compressor Off
MWe 365
Export Empting Rich
Amine Tank CCS Design Point
310
Filling Rich
Amine Tank
~9hr low
200 Stable Export Limit
12am 6am 12pm 5pm 9pm 12am
GT Load
& Absorber
Lean Amine
Tank
Levels Rich Amine
Compressor,
Stripper
and CO2
export

18. Peterhead CCGT CCS Demonstration
• 385MWe Post Combustion CCGT Retrofit
• Offshore Storage in Goldeneye Depleted Gas Field
• ~10Mte of CO2 over 10 years
• Target first injection end of 2016

19. Peterhead CCS Process Overview
Peterhead CCGT Electrical Grid
Generator
Energy Connection
Gas Gas Steam Steam
HRSG
Supply Turbine Turbine
Clean
Flue Gas Steam
Flue Rich CO2 Compression&
DCC Absorber Stripper Dehydration
Gas Solvent
Lean
Solvent
Transport to Storage CO2 Offshore St Fergus Onshore
in Goldeneye Pipeline Compressor Pipeline
Pressure Injection Xmas Well Pore
Control Manifold Tree Completion Space
Key Existing New Change
Equipment Equipment of Use

20. Why Goldeneye ?
Sub-surface CO2 storage FEED already complete
Most advanced Regulatory engagement on Licence and Permit in Europe
>24 million tonnes capacity and excellent injectivity
Two good seals and very few legacy wells – good for containment
Significant expansion potential in the underlying deep saline formation

21. Why Goldeneye ?
Timing perfect – field reached end of gas production in early 2011
Opportunity for re-use of infrastructure that is only 7 years old
Normally unmanned – good for HSE
Dedicated pipeline to shore – St Fergus landfall only 10 km from Peterhead
A number of partners interested in joining a Storage Joint Venture

22. Anticipated Project Timeline
(For Longannet)
Goldeneye FEED 3 years of commercial
Capture operation by 2020
Feasibility
NER300 Enabling commercial
Gate1, NER300 Submission
Preparation deployment to start from
EIB Evaluation EIB Award 2020
DECC
4 years
NER300 Deadline
PreFEED Activities Gate 2
Consents
DECC Phase II
FEED Activities
Gate 3 (Financial Close)
EPC & Commissioning
Operation & Injection
‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
The programme is dependent on funding award(s)

23. Selecting a Capture Vendor
10
# of
Candidate
Feasibility
en t
s
ar rke
Suppliers
es
Selection
Aw Ma
PreFEED
5
Selection
FEED
Selection
NER
Submission
1
Award
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

24. How do we down select?
RISK
=
(Cost)

25. Feasibility P&T Comparison
• DPS, MHI, Alstom
• Compared submission data for key technical parameters
PEHE PCC Feasibility Study
Assessment
Rev 0, 15/01/11
P. Kieran, J. Carey, L. Noble, A.
Underwood
Criteria Units
PROCESS AND
TECHNOLOGY
Capture Design Summary
Process Design and Performance
  
CO2 Capture and Export   
Solvent and Conditioning
Steam Energy Requirements
Electrical Power and Consumables
Flue Gas Process Data
Operability and Reliability
General
  

26. Overall Feasibility Evaluation
80%
Consortium
75% Technology
Interfaces
70%
SEQ
Total
65%
60%
55%
50%
45%
40%
35%
A B C

27. “Consortium Thoughts”
Consortium Evaluation
• Can they deliver a complex £X00mn
Consortium Safety Record construction project in the UK?
Consortium Capability to deliver this project
in UK.
Consortium Capacity and Commitment to
• Do they have the skills, people and
deliver commitment do deliver our project?
Consortium Robustness
• Are they recently “married”? What is the
Delivery track record
“divorce” risk?
Consortium Wtd Ave
• What similar projects have they delivered
together?

28. Technology Evaluation
TRL10: 10 plants operating
Technology Evaluation
for 10 years
Relative process safety, wastes and
emissions
Indicative Performance Guarantees
Available
Design Maturity / Experience / Risk
Low CO2 / High O2 Risk
Scale up Risk
Operability / Flexibility
Relative energy penalty
Relative solvent and other operating costs
Technology Wtd Ave

29. Engineering Evaluation
Engineering Evaluation • Are they going to give us the drawings / data
Compliance with Scope
/ analysis we asked for?
Extent of Process and Equipment Design
proposed • How well is the integration with the existing
Extent of Site Integration Design proposed site thought through. Will we get a generic
solution or one designed for the site specific
Extent of Construction Planning proposed
details of Peterhead.
Engineering Wtd Ave
• Will they give us a credible construction
execution plan that can be reviewed for
safety etc.

30. Commercial Evaluation
Commercial Evaluation
• Not the most important at this stage
Compliance with Schedule
PreFEED Price • Will they match our desired schedules?
Compliance with Terms and Conditions
• Can we afford it? (Threshold)
Quality of submission
Commercial Wtd Ave • Can we negotiate reasonable terms?
• What are they signalling about their desire
for the project and the way they will
approach it?

31. “Hurdles” to CCS Deployment
Exp
Ca
CO
Sto
Fun
ptu
ort
2S
rag
re P t + FE
ding
Ro
e
our
Pilo
Sit
ute
lan
c
e
e
Project
t
Exi
Pe
Go
Financial
ED
s
terh
ld
Close
ting
ene
Pip
ead
ye
e
line
s
The key remaining Peterhead / Goldeneye barrier is tangible Government Support

32. Questions ?