This slide was made for class room presentation. Any mistake if found should be avoided.

1. Combating Corruption:
Impact of Social Institution
Submitted to :
Dr. Syeda Lasna Kabir , Professor
Department of Public Administration
University of Dhaka

2. What is Corruption? How many Types
of Corruption?
• Simply Use of entrusted power for private gain
• According to TA , corruption three types
• Political Corruption
• Petty Corruption
• Grand Corruption
In World Bank Global Issue Seminar Series
titled The Cancer of Corruption (2005)
additional 3 types of corruption included
• Administrative Corruption
• Corporate Corruption
• Systematic Corruption

3. Types of Corruption Defined
• 1. Petty corruption: Petty corruption is usually
committed by rank and files while meeting ordinary
citizen. The amount of petty corruption is not big
much considering to grand corruption. Common
example of petty corruption are gift, use of personal
connection for favor
• 2. Grand corruption: Usually committed by high
officials and the amount of money is large. It takes
place in decision making level and high level of
office
• 3. Political corruption: Political corruption is
manipulation of policy for private gain, power

4. Types of Corruption Defined
• 4. Corporate corruption: Corruption occurs between
private corporations and their suppliers or clients. It also
occurs within corporation for private gain, at the expense
of shareholders.
• 5. Administrative corruption: Administrative
corruption is the use of bribery or favoritism by lowering
taxes or contracting out low level procurement or
helping to evade rules and regulations.
• 6. Systematic corruption: Systematic corruption refers
to the prevalence of corruption in every state of a society.

5. Forms of Corruption
• Bribery
• Abuse of power
• Embezzlement
• Extortion
• Fraud

6. Social Institution
• A social institution consists of a group of people
who have come together for a common purpose
or goals, and it sets expectation of people in a
given society and determines the role of people
determining position In society.
• Anthony Giddens says Institutions by definition
are the more enduring features of social life. He
goes on to list as institutional orders, modes of
discourse, political institutions, economic
institutions and legal institutions

7. Common Examples of Social Institution
• Family
• Religion
• Government
• Health Care
• Welfare Organization
• Economic Institutions

8. Government
• Democratic Government has a positive impact
on corruption , on the other hand , autocratic
government raises corruption
How ?
• Democracy ensures accountably to government
of MPs, political executives , media .
Absence of Democracy may leads to corruption

9. Government Stance on policy
and others
• Ambiguous policy- Depending on Discretion
• Restriction on Trade – India Bangladesh cattle
business as a result of trade restriction of
government (By Indian Government because of
religious sensitivity of Hinduism)
• Accountability
• Transparency
• Taxation Policy-Recently seized luxurious car
worth car worth 10 crore as lodged tax of the car,
Panama Papaers

10. Health Care
• Inequality government versus private hospital
• Lack of proper monitoring
• Public hospital often fails to treat patient ,
occurrence of death of patient as a result of
negligence , lack of instrument , modern
equipment , fund , forcing patient to go to private
hospital
• Expensive private hospital require more money
than one earns , thus indirectly forcing one to
corrupt

11. Education
• Expensive
• Question leakage
• Academic Dishonesty tolerated
• Politics get upper hand
• Recruitment process , training , quality questioned
• Coaching Business result of teacher greed for money
– class room ineffective, teachers lack knowledge to
relevant subject , greed for money , class room used
for recruiting students for private tutoring
These are some of the contributing factors that raise
corruption.

12. What reduce Corruption in Education?
• Proper schooling
• Academic honesty
• Giving fair pay to teachers

13. Economic Institution
International Trade:
Wal-Mart, the world's largest retailers, is currently
being probed for bribery in a number of countries,
after the company disclosed potential violations in
Mexico.
• Low Wages
• Unhealthy Competition for wealth
• Rise in expenditure but not in wage

14. Impact of Family
• What I want is for my family, no care for any
other
• Many family member put extra burden on
income
• Aspiration for luxurious life style
• Teaching from family

15. Impact of Religion
• When religion grows , also creates hierarchical
organization– may raise corruption
• Religious teaching can prevent corruption if
incorporated in everyday life
• Again venerable religious leaders may be
corruption because everybody believes in them,
does not think anything supspicious

16. Impact of Religion
• Pretension of religion
Some shrines draws large amount of many from
common people , but they are committing
corruption in the name of religion.
• Hard to take step against if found corrupt as
religious sensitivity works

17. What really needed to be done to
combat corruption?
• Identifying causes and finding solution
• Above mentioned impact of social institution
may help in finding solutions

18. Thank you- This is all in brief from on
behalf group G