for literatture class

1. TYPES OF POETRY
Narrative Poetry
Epic - a long narrative poem of the
largest proportions. A tale centering
about a hero concerning the
beginning, continuance, and the end
of events of great significance- war,
conquest, strife among men who are
in such position that
their struggles take on
tribal or national
significance.

2. Metrical Romance – a
narrative poem that tells a
story of adventure, love
and chivalry. The typical
hero is knight on a quest.

3. Metrical Tale – a narrative poem
consisting usually of a single series
of connective events that are simple
idylls or home tales, love tales, tales
of the supernatural or tales written
for a strong moral purpose in verse
form.

7. Ballad – the simplest type of
narrative poetry. It is a short
narrative poem telling a single
incident in simple meter and stanzas.
It is intended to be sung.

9. Popular Ballad – a ballad of wide
workmanship telling some simple
incidents of adventure, cruelty,
passion, or superstition, an incident
that shows the primary instincts of
man influenced by the restraint of
modern civilization.

12. Modern or Artistic– created by a poet
imitation of the folk ballad, makes
use (sometimes with considerable
freedom) of many of its devices and
conventions.

13. Folk ballad Modern or Artistic

14. TYPES OF POETRY
Lyric Poetry
Ode - a lyric poem of some length
serious in subject and dignified in
style. It is the most majestic of the
lyric poems. It is written in a spirit of
praise of some persons or things.
Example: Shelley’s “Ode
to the West Wind”

15. “Ode to the West Wind”

20. Elegy– a poem written on the death
of a friend of the poet. The
ostensible purpose is to praise the
friend, but the death prompts the
writer to ask, “if death can
intervene, so cruelly in life, what is
the point of living?” by the end of the
poem, however, we can expect that
poet will have come to
terms with his grief.
Example: The lover’s Death
by Ricardo Demetillo

21. Lover's Death
Vacant eyes and silent cries
The impact of your words
Still haunt my mind
Your bitter hate
And crushing lies
Disconnected from the world tonight
Don't wake me now
Take me slow
Without words
We'll make this death unheard of
The nightnare that occured
You stole the last word from me
I didn't leave empty handed this time
The rain washed away the blood
I left behind
The remnants of the things she said
Written in the letter left unread
She took a bullet to the head
Blurred thoughts, then she was dead
Taken to the grave instead

22. Lover's Death
As I look up at the sky
I can't help but wonder why
The reason I am still alive
I wanna know what's on the other side
The curiosity won't subside
The razor held in my hands,so tightly
Temptation calling me
A second chance to end what's happening
Red roses on her coffin
A prayer softly spoken
In memory of the day
She took her life away
Knowing she's in a better place
The thought begins to fade
A solution to the pain

23. Song– a lyric poem in a regular
metrical pattern set to music. These
have twelve syllables
(dodecasyllabic) and slowly sung to
the accompaniment of a guitar or
banduria.

24. Corridos (Kuridos)– these have
measures of eight syllables
(octosyllabic) and recited to material
beat.
Example: Ibong Adarna by Jose Dela
Cruz (Huseng Sisiw)

25. Sonnet- a lyric poem containing
fourteen iambic lines, and a
complicated rhyme.
Example: Santang Abad by Alfonso P.
Santos

26. SONNET 18 - 'SHALL I COMPARE THEE TO A SUMMER’S
DAY?'
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

27. Group Activity
Compose a 5 stanza
song about (moving
on/falling inlove, chasing
dreams/growing
up/overcoming
obstacles,)

28. 15 Points 10 Points 5 Points
Theme A clear theme was presented and followed
throughout the entire song.
A clear theme was established,
however, sometimes unclear or
not followed throughout the
entire song.
A clear theme was not illustrated
throughout the song.
Lyrics All lyrics were appropriate to the theme,
time period, and current events.
Most of the lyrics were
appropriate to the theme, time
period, and current events.
None of the lyrics were
appropriate to the theme, time
period, and/or current events.
Creativity The song was original and creative
(different from the song sheet turned in).
The song had touches of
originality and creativity
(borrowed some of the ideas
from the song sheets turned in).
There was nothing really original
or creative about the song (was
pretty much a similar song from
the song sheet turned in).
Effort Everyone in the group participated int he
task, always giving 100% effort.
Most of the group members
were involved and showed effort
most of the time when
completing the task.
The group presented little effort
in completing the task. The
group did not work as a group.
Audience Appeal The audience was completely engaged in
the group's song, i.e., they applauded,
stood up, clapped along, would be able to
hum the song later on, etc.
The audience was entertained
most of the time. The audience
gave a nice applause and
seemed to be listening to the
entire song.
The audience was completely
disengaged in the group's song.
A polite applause occurred but
most audience members were
not paying attention the
performance.

29. Literary Devices in Poetry
Figures of Speech
Simile- consists of comparing two
things using the words like or as.
Example:
Your face is as big as a seed,
but you do not bear fruit…
(Lines from A Secret by
Carlos Bulosan)

30. Metaphor- uses direct comparison of
two unlike things or ideas.
Example:
“She is all states, and all princes, I.”

31. Personification – gives human traits
to inanimate objects or ideas.
Example:
The bullet said to the heart:
From now on we shall never part
(Lines from Cummunion by Gerson M. Mallillin)

32. Apostrophe- is a direct address to
someone absent, dead, or inanimate.
Example:
Little sampaguita
With the wandering eye
Did a tiny fairy
Drop you where you lie?
(The Sampaguita by Natividad Marquez)

33. Metonymy – Substitute a word that
closely relates to a person or thing.
Example:
The pen is mightier than the sword.
He lives through the bottle.
I have read all of Shakespeare.
By the sweat of our brow, you will
earn your food.

34. Synecdoche– uses a part to
represent the whole
Example:
No busy hand provoke a tear.
No roving foot shall crush thee here.

35. Hyperbole– makes use of
exaggeration.
Example:
I know not what to name thy charms,
thou art half human, half divine
And if I could hold thee in my arms,
I know both heaven and earth were
mine.
(The Rural Maid by Fernando M. Maramang)

36. Irony– says the opposite of what is
meant.
Example:
If all these men whose heads are with the
stars,
who dream unceasingly of blazing royalty,
Will only strive to be like you.
A dweller of the sad with the heart of
loyalty!
(To A dog by Florizel Diaz)

37. Allusion– refers to any literary,
biblical, historical, mythological,
scientific event, character or place.
Example:
The pendulum
Is a thing of thread
To a nervous person like me
It reminds one of swaying Iscariot-
Suspended from a tree.
(After Palanan by Rene A. Iturralde)

38. Antithesis– involves a contrast of
words or ideas.
Example:
“Love is so short… Forgetting is so
long.”
“You may be through it in the past but
the past isn’t through with you.”

39. Paradox– uses a phrase or statement
that on surface seems contradictor,
but makes some kind of emotional
sense
Example:
My dear, canst thou resolve for me
This paradox of love concerning thee
Mine eyes, when opened, with thy beautiful fill-
But when they’re closed they see thee better still.
(Paradox by A.E. Litiatco)

40. Litotes– makes a deliberate
understatement used to affirm by
negating its opposite.
Example:
War is not healthy for children
And other living things

41. Oxymoron– puts together in one
statement two contradictory terms.
Example:
Residents – alien
Silent scream
Living dead
Clearly misunderstood
Butt head

42. ACTIVITY
Directions: Identify the figures of speech
used in the sentence.
He was as brave as a lion.
A. Simile
B. Metaphor
C. Personification

43. ACTIVITY
Directions: Identify the figures of speech
used in the sentence.
1. He has a heart of gold.
2. Dale’s smile was as bright as the
sun shine.
3. Life is a journey; travel it well .
4. A wicked whisper came and
changed my life.
5. After a good night sleep, I felt like
a million dollars.