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Market Data
Fiscal Year June
Industry BioTech
Market Cap A$7.5M
Price/Earnings (ttm) N/A
Price/Book (mrq) 1.3x
Price/Sales (ttm) N/A
Top 20 Holder % 33%
Shares Outstanding 93.7M
Equity Float 80.6M
Avg. Volume (3 mo.) 230,497
As of March 29, 2016
Income Statement Snapshot
TTM
Revenue A$0.01M
Net Loss A($2.2M)
Balance Sheet Snapshot
MRQ
Cash A$1.9M
Debt A$0.0M
Company Website
prescienttherapeutics.com/
March 29, 2016
Target Price: A$0.46
Recent Price: A$0.08
Prescient
Therapeutics Ltd.
(ASX: PTX)
Company Overview
Prescient Therapeutics (“PTX,” “Prescient,” or the “Company”) is a clinical stage
oncology company developing novel compounds that show great promise as
potential new therapies to treat a range of cancers that have become resistant to
front-line chemotherapy. The Company’s novel compounds inhibit key tumor
survival pathways, restraining cancer growth across a variety of cancers including
breast, ovarian, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. PTX is currently in a Phase Ib/II
trial for breast cancer (partially funded by the U.S. Department of Defense), a Phase
Ib trial for ovarian cancer (partially funded by the National Cancer Institute), and
expects to initiate a Phase Ib trial for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in early
2016. The Company’s science/IP comes from Yale University and Moffitt Cancer
Center.
Valuation
Based on a NPV, we are valuing PTX at A$0.46. This values the Company’s five
clinical development programs for breast cancer (both PTX-200 and PTX-100),
ovarian cancer, AML, and multiple myeloma.
Investment Highlights
 PTX’s therapies target the key tumor survival pathways Akt and Ras; Akt and
Ras activation is observed in a significant percentage of major cancer types
 Drug resistance is one of the most significant problems in cancer therapy; PTX’s
therapies are designed to prevent or reverse resistance to cancer drugs
 PTX has two cancer therapies in five different cancer clinical trials
 Near-term data readouts during 2016 provide events that could lead to stock price
appreciation
 Akt and Ras cause growth in cancer cells; PTX’s drug candidates block Akt and
Ras without generating off-target side effects
 PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib/II trial for HER2- breast cancer; earlier trial
data showed anti-tumor activity and inhibition of tumor survival pathway Akt
 PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib trial for ovarian cancer; current generic drugs
for ovarian cancer have low survival rates
 PTX-200 is expected to enter a Phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016; earlier data
showed that over half of patients achieved stable disease after only one treatment
cycle, as well as reducing high p-Akt in AML patients blast cells
 We believe that PTX-200 has shown the most impressive results from an Akt
inhibitor in AML to date
 PTX-100 targets the Ras pathway; it is entering phase I for breast cancer and
multiple myeloma
 Strong management team and key opinion leaders are backing PTX’s technology
Investment Highlights
PTX’s therapies target the key tumor survival pathways Akt and Ras; Akt and Ras activation is
observed in a significant percentage of major cancer types. PTX’s therapies are designed to target the
Akt and Ras biochemical “switches.” Preclinical data has shown that PTX’s therapies, when combined with
other established cancer drugs (this includes chemotherapy and biologics), inhibits cancer cell growth to a
greater degree than the cancer drug by itself. This indicates that PTX’s therapies may potentially be used as
either a stand-alone therapy or in combination with a wide variety of marketed oncology drugs. Akt and
Ras have generated significant interest from large pharmaceutical companies, due to the established basis
they have in contributing to the growth of a wide variety of major cancers. As the following chart shows,
Akt activation occurs at high percentages in a significant amount of major cancer types:
Tumor type % Tumors with active AKT
Glioma ~55
Thyroid carcinoma 80–100
Breast carcinoma 20–55
Small-cell lung carcinoma ~60
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma 30–75
Gastric carcinoma ~80
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors ~30
Pancreatic carcinoma 30–70
Bile duct carcinoma ~85
Ovarian carcinoma 40–70
Endometrial carcinoma >35
Prostate carcinoma 45–55
Renal cell carcinoma ~40
Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma 100
Acute myeloid leukemia ~70
Multiple myeloma ~90
Malignant mesothelioma
a
~65
Malignant melanomab
43–67
Ras activation has also been shown to occur in significant percentages in major cancers. Over 30% of all
human cancers are shown to have Ras mutations. PTX-100 targets geranylgeranyl transferase (GGTI),
which has been showed to greatly increase the risk of advanced cancer in breast cancer, endometrial
carcinoma, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, and liver cancer.
Targeted drugs such as PTX’s cancer therapies now make up the majority of the market for cancer
treatment, and the market share of targeted therapies is projected to continue to grow. Targeted therapies
have shown improved success rates in oncology clinical trials, as improved cancer testing and patient
screening have better identified which patients are likely to be responsive to a particular therapy. renal
cancer, and has shown anticancer activity against a variety of solid tumors. Next-generation mTOR
inhibitor everolimus is the standard of care for advanced pancreatic cancer, along with achieving approval
for a number of other cancers.
Drug resistance is one of the most significant problems in cancer therapy; PTX’s initial target
markets are focused on preventing or reversing resistance to cancer drugs. PTX’s drugs are designed
to prevent or reverse resistance to chemotherapy, which is one of the most significant problems in cancer
treatment. It is estimated that approximately 90% of metastatic cancers become resistant to chemotherapy.
Even targeted cancer treatments, such as HER-2 cancer drug Herceptin, develop resistance in the majority
a
Altomare et al. (2005)
b
Reviewed in Robertson (2005); remaining cancer types reviewed in Bellacosa et al. (2005)
Altomare, D., Testa J. Perturbations of the AKT signaling pathway in human cancer. Oncogene (2005) 24, 7455-
7464
of cases within one year of treatment for metastatic breast cancer (estimated to range from 66%-88%). The
following quote from University of Georgia associate professor Mandi Murph describes the importance of
overcoming chemotherapy resistance: “Within two years, 85 percent of women will have their (ovarian)
cancer come back in a more aggressive form … It is during that time that they won’t respond to the
chemotherapy … Chemoresistance prevents us from curing the disease … If we can cure chemoresistance,
we can cure ovarian cancer.” One of the most significant drivers of this resistance are the presence of
abnormal biochemical “switches” that, when turned on, contribute to cancer cell growth and lead to
metastasis.
PTX has two cancer therapies in five different cancer clinical trials. As the following chart shows, PTX
has two different cancer therapies that are currently engaged in five different human clinical trials:
PTX’s therapies have been the subject of over 65 peer reviewed publications to date. This indicates
enormous validation of the potential that the Company’s compounds have for treating cancer.
Near-term data readouts during 2016 provide events that could lead to stock price appreciation. The
PTX-200 clinical trials in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are scheduled
to have near-term data readouts during 2016. Positive data from these trials could lead to stock price
appreciation. The following table from the Company shows these near-term events:
Akt and Ras cause growth in cancer cells; PTX’s drug candidates block Akt and Ras without
generating off-target side effects. PTX-200 inhibits a tumor survival pathway known as Akt. Akt plays a
key role in the development of many cancers, including breast, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, and
hematological cancers. Given the wide range of cancers that Akt plays a role in, we believe that PTX-200
has significant platform potential over the long-term.
As the following diagrams show, PTX-200’s mechanism of action prevents Akt from anchoring to the cell
membrane, where it gets phosphorylated and activated, stimulating cancer cell division and growth:
PTX-100 has the ability to block an important cancer growth enzyme known as geranylgeranyl transferase
(GGT). This leads to the blocking/deactivation of the Ras tumor survival pathway. Mutations that directly
activate Ras are found in approximately 30% of cancers, and mutations occur more frequently in certain
types of cancers, including lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and melanoma. Previous treatments that attempted
to directly target Ras or target enzymes upstream of Ras have proven unsuccessful. PTX-100 is the first
drug in human clinical trials to attempt to block GGTI. The Ras signaling pathway is involved in many
other cancers through indirect activation. The Ras pathway is thought to play a role in approximately 50%
of breast cancers. Breast cancer is one of PTX-100’s current clinical trial programs.
PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib/II trial for HER2- breast cancer; earlier trial data showed anti-
tumor activity and inhibition of tumor survival pathway Akt. PTX-200 is currently in a phase Ib/II trial
for HER2- breast cancer. The trial combines PTX-200 with taxol in patients with metastatic and locally
advanced breast cancer. PTX’s Phase Ib/II trial in HER2- breast cancer is funded by a National Cancer
Institute (NCI) grant. All patients in the trial (n=17) have been dosed and the trial is now entering the
expansion phase. The recommended phase II dose of 35 mg/m2 has been determined.
The phase II portion of the trial is scheduled to commence during 1H16. The trial combines PTX-200 with
paclitaxel, followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. These milestones could provide important near
term news for PTX.
There are multiple Akt inhibitors in phase I and phase II trials for multiple different types of breast cancer,
as shown in the following chart:
Target Compound ClinicalTrial.gov identifier Setting
Akt inhibitors Perifosine NCT00054145 Phase II; MBC, completed
MK2206 NCT01245205 Phase I; MK-2206 with lapatinib in solid tumors with dose expansion in HER2+ breast cancer
NCT01281163 Phase Ib; MK-2206 with lapatinib in HER2+ MBC
NCT01277757 Phase II; MK2206 in advanced breast cancer with PIK3CA mutation, or AKT mutation, or PTEN loss/mutation
NCT01776008 Phase II; neoadjuvant MK-2206 with anastrozole with or without goserelin in stage 2 or 3 PIK3CA mutant HR+, HER2– breast cancer
GDC0068 NCT01562275 Phase Ib; GDC-0973 (MEK inhibitor) and GDC-0068 in solid tumors
Paplomata, E., O’Regan R. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer: targets, trials and biomarkers. Ther Adv Med Oncol.
2014 Jul; 6(4): 154-166
Earlier trial data in HER2- breast cancer showed evidence of safety, anti-tumor activity, and inhibition of
important tumor survival pathway Akt. This indicates the potential for positive efficacy and safety data in
future clinical trials.
According to IMS Health, sales of breast cancer drugs are set to grow from $9.8 billion by 2013 to $18.2
billion by 2023, or a CAGR of 5.8%. The fastest growing market in breast cancer drugs is the HER2+
subtype, with this market set to grow from $5.6 billion in 2013 to $12.5 billion in 2013, or a CAGR of
7.6%.
HER2+ breast cancer accounts for approximately 20% of breast cancers; the outsized market growth is due
to the success of HER2+ breast cancer drugs such as Herceptin. PTX-200 is targeting HER2- breast cancer,
which encompasses the other 80% of breast cancers. In our view, the most promising breast cancer
category for PTX-200 is triple negative breast cancer, which makes up approximately 10-20% of breast
cancers. Most patients in this category have resistance to chemotherapy, and half of these patients die
within five years. Chemotherapy is the main treatment option to treat these patients.
Additionally, as the following table shows, the chemotherapy response rate in estrogen receptor (ER) and
hormone receptor (HR) positive advanced breast cancer, as defined by the pathological complete response
(pCR), is under 10%. Research indicates that activation of the Akt pathway increases resistance to
endocrine therapy. The pCR in ER- and HR-negative advanced breast cancer has been shown to range from
about 17%-33%.
First author n (% with positive ER/HR) pCR in ER/HR-positive (%) pCR in ER/HR-negative (%)
Bear 2286 (45) 8.2 16.7
Ring 435 (71) 8.1 21.6
von Minckwitz 904 (68) 6.2 22.8
Colleoni 399 (43) 7.6 33.3
Guarneri 1719 (67) 7.8 23.7
Barrios C., Sampaio C., Vinholes J., Caponero R. What is the role of chemotherapy in estrogen receptor-positive, advanced breast
cancer? Ann Oncol (2009) 20 (7): 1157-1162
Early-stage HER2- breast cancer shows better response rates to chemotherapy, but over half of patients still
show chemoresistance. Given the high rates of chemotherapy resistance in HER2- breast cancer, we believe
that a multibillion dollar market opportunity exists for PTX-200 in HER2- breast cancer.
PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib trial for ovarian cancer; current generic drugs for ovarian cancer
have low survival rates. PTX-200 is currently in a phase Ib/II trial for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
The trial combines PTX-200 with Carboplatin. The phase Ib trial is partially funded by the NCI.
A recent report from Visiongain projects that the ovarian cancer drug market will reach $1.7 billion by
2019, with growth driven mostly by the recent approvals of Yondelis and Avastin. Efficacy results from
these drugs were mediocre at best, with both drugs gaining EU approval but receiving rejection from the
FDA. Other ovarian cancer drugs currently in late-stage trials are projected to either not be approved or are
expected to have limited sales. Various targeted therapies in earlier-stage trials may provide improved
efficacy, although this is yet to be determined.
The primary treatment of ovarian cancer remains generic chemotherapies. Chemoresistance remains very
high, as indicated by high recurrence and mortality rates for ovarian cancer. Almost all patients who
receive chemotherapy for ovarian cancer are either resistant initially to chemotherapy or end up relapsing.
Prognosis following relapse is poor.
Big pharma has been testing Akt inhibitors in several early-stage clinical trials. Akt inhibitors are could
potentially show enhanced antitumor effects relative to mTOR inhibitors, as Akt acts upstream of mTOR.
The following table shows the Akt inhibitors that have published results in ovarian cancer:
Phase Treatment No. of OCpatients Selected toxicities Efficacy
I Perifosine (MTD = 150 mg/day) + docetaxel 21 Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue
At MTD in 11 patients, PR in 1 PTEN-null patient, SD in 3
patients
I GSK795 (25, 50, or 75 mg/day) 12 Grade 2 anorexia (18%) and vomiting (18%)
2 (16%) cases of SD for 6 months with tumor shrinkage of
26% and 11%, respectively
I
GSK211 (50-150 mg/day) + carboplatin (AUC =
5) + paclitaxel (175 mg/m2)
29 Grade 1/2 diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue
All patients in dose escalation: ORR = 30%; At MTD: ORR =
50%
MTD, maximal tolerated dose; AUC, area under curve; SD, stable disease; ORR, objective response rate.
Cheaib B., Auguste A., Leary A. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ovarian cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Chin J
Cancer. 2015 Jan; 34(1): 4-16
In addition to the compounds in the above table, there are a few other Akt inhibitors in clinical trials for
ovarian cancer. Below is a table detailing the current Akt inhibitors currently engaged in clinical trials:
Compound Trial Design Population Registration
MK - 2206 Phase II Monotherapy Recurrent Ovarian NCT01283035
AZD5363
Phase Ib plus olaparib
and AZD 2014 (mTOR
inhibitor) Phase I
monotherapy
Recurrent endometrial
and Ovarian Cancer
Advanced Malignancies
(Includes Ovarian)
NCT02208375
NCT01226516
GSK 2110183 Phase I/II dose finding
Platinum resistant
Ovarian Cancer
NCT01653912
Perifosine Phase I plus docetaxel
Relapsed Ovarian
Cancer
NCT00431054
Musa F., Schneider R. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in ovarian cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2015; 4(1): 97-106
PTX-200 is expected to enter a Phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016; earlier data showed that over
half of patients achieved stable disease after only one treatment cycle. PTX-200 is expected to enter a
phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016. The trial will combine PTX-200 with cytarabine in refractory or
relapsed acute leukemia.
A 32 patient phase I trial has been completed in AML. 17 out of 32 patients had achieved stable disease
after one treatment cycle, and three patients achieved a greater than 50% bone marrow blast reduction,
which is potentially indicative of PTX-200’s efficacy. PTX-200 also reduced pAKT in AML blasts,
providing another potential indicator of efficacy. PTX-200 was used as a monotherapy in its phase I trial,
and we think that efficacy has an opportunity to increase, given that it is now being combined with
cytarabine in its upcoming Phase Ib trial. Preclinical data showed that PTX-200 is highly synergistic with
cytarabine when treating AML cells:
PTX-200 was also shown to be safe, which is significant, given that past human trials in Akt inhibitors for
AML showed significant levels of toxicity.
AML survival rates are abysmal. For patients under 60 years old, the five-year survival rate is about 30%-
35%. For patients over 60 years old, the five-year survival rate is under 10%. As the patient population
ages, finding better treatment options for AML will be key. Primary chemotherapy treatment for AML
includes cytarabine. However, resistance typically occurs, as evidenced by the low AML survival rates.
We believe that PTX-200 has shown the most impressive results from an Akt inhibitor in AML to
date. In our view, the results from PTX-200 in AML are the most impressive results from an Akt inhibitor
in AML to date. As stated above, the Company’s phase I trial showed that 17 out of 32 patients achieved
stable disease after only one treatment cycle, and three patients achieved a greater than 50% bone marrow
blast reduction. Other published results in Akt inhibitors for AML have shown significant toxicity and low
overall response rates (ORR), as indicated in the below table of Akt inhibitors currently in clinical trials for
leukemia:
Compound Target Disease/ Model Result Reference
Perifosine AKT CLL phase II, ORR 1 (12,5%) of 8, SD 6 (75%) of 8 patients Friedman, Lanasa et al., Leuk Lymphoma, 2014 [134]
Perifosine + UCN-01 AKT AML phase I, ORR 0 (0%) of 11 patients Gojo, Perl et al., Invest New Drugs, 2013 [90]
GSK2141795 + MEK inhibitor AKT1/2/3 several cancer types in vitro efficacyin cell lines and murine models Dumble, Crouthamel et al., PLOS One, 2014 [135]
GSK2141795 + Trametinib AKT1/2/3 AML phase II, ongoing ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier: NCT01907815
MK-2206 AKT1 ALL Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in vitro and in vivo Piovan, Yu et al., Cancer Cell, 2013 [52]
GSK690693 pan AKT ALL
in vitro inhibition of proliferation and induction of
apoptosis
Levy, Kahana et al., Blood, 2009 [136]
Fransecky L., Mochmann L., Baldus C. Outlook on PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibition in acute leukemia. Mol Cell Ther. 2015; 3: 2.
PTX-100 targets the Ras pathway; it is entering phase I for breast cancer and multiple myeloma.
PTX-100 has been shown to be well tolerated in a study of advanced solid tumors. The trial had 13 patients
and determined a maximum tolerated dose of 2060 mg/kg. PTX-100 is set to enter phase I trials for breast
cancer and multiple myeloma, and the expected start dates for both trials are in 4Q16.
Preclinical results for PTX-100 (GGTI-2418) showed significant inhibitions in tumor growth volume. 100
mg/kg of PTX-100 daily resulted in a 94% reduction in tumor volume, and 200 mg/kg of PTX-100 every
third day resulted in a 77% reduction in tumor volume (p<0.005 for both treatment schedules).
There is a correlation between GGTI and both the overall risk of cancer and the probability of cancer to
grow and metastasize. GGTI blocks/deactivates the Ras pathway. Previous attempts to directly target Ras
have been unsuccessful, and clinical work is now either focusing on targeting upstream proteins that target
Ras (such as GGTI), or on pathways downstream of Ras. Until PTX-100, work focusing on targeting
upstream proteins of Ras has been confined to preclinical or very early clinical trial work (human clinical
trials targeting farnesyltransferase have been unsuccessful), while targets of downstream pathways of Ras
are in a variety of Phase I and Phase II clinical trials. PTX-100 is the only GGTI inhibitor in human clinical
trials.
PTX is planning to develop a novel cancer biomarker, p27, as a companion diagnostic to determine which
patients will respond best to PTX-100. It is thought that patients with low levels of p27 have overactive
Rho proteins. Rho proteins are part of the Ras pathway and are activated by GGTI (GGTI blocks the Ras
pathway and thus also blocks Rho proteins). P27 typically acts as a “brake” on cancer cell growth, and thus
low levels of p27 would likely lead to a greater risk of cancer cell growth. In one study of 167 node-
negative breast carcinomas 66% of women had low levels of p27. We believe that the development of p27
will increase the probability of successful trials for PTX.
Strong management team and key opinion leaders are backing PTX’s technology. PTX has amassed
an impressive management team, key opinion leaders, and clinical advocates to help run their upcoming
clinical trials in PTX-200. We believe that this helps in a number of ways, including assuring that company
resources are used in an effective manner, that PTX’s technology is of high quality and has strong
development potential, and that upcoming clinical trials will be run effectively and will be designed to best
assess the true efficacy and safety of PTX’s drugs.
Bios of key management, directors, and advisory personnel are available at the following links:
http://prescienttherapeutics.com/management-team/, http://prescienttherapeutics.com/directors/,
http://prescienttherapeutics.com/scientific-advisory-board/.
Patents granted in major jurisdictions until 2030. The Company’s patent portfolio should ensure that
PTX-200 and PTX-100, if they reach commercialization, will be able to sell their drugs on all major
revenue generating jurisdictions, and for a long enough period of time, to make development profitable and
worthwhile.
Valuation
Based on a rNPV, we are valuing PTX at A$0.46. This values the Company’s five clinical development
programs for breast cancer (both PTX-200 and PTX-100), ovarian cancer, AML, and multiple myeloma.
Some notes on our model:
- The majority of the Company’s value comes from PTX-200 in breast cancer and AML. We
believe that this is where the Company’s best clinical results have occurred to date. In particular,
we believe that PTX’s AML phase I trial results are the best results seen in an Akt inhibitor.
- We believe that the majority of the Company’s resources will be spent on developing PTX-200.
Our model assumes that partnering of the Company’s development programs occurs following
phase IIb results.
- We are assuming that the Company will raise an additional A$50 million at a weighted average
share price of A$0.25 to fund development of PTX-200 through phase IIb trials for breast cancer,
ovarian cancer, and AML, PTX-100 for breast cancer through a phase Ib/IIa trial, and PTX-100
for multiple myeloma through a phase Ia trial. We believe that the Company, if results are
positive, will be able to partner PTX-200 following phase IIb trials. Upfront license fees from
partnering can be used to fund other programs without further dilution.
- We are assuming that the Company’s per patient costs increase in its phase IIb trials for PTX-200.
This is assuming, in addition to the higher costs present with running a trial at additional centers,
that patients are screened for mutations that infer a higher probability of responding to an akt
inhibitor. This would increase trial costs, but also lead to a higher probability of trial success.
- Akt plays a role in a significant number of cancers, so we believe that the patient population that
would respond to an akt inhibitor could comprise a large percentage of the patient population.
- Given PTX-200’s positioning as an adjunctive therapy, strong safety profile, and strong
management team and client advocates, we believe that the Company will not have significant
issues with patient enrollment.
- We are assuming a per patient treatment price of A$47,000. We believe this is in line with the
prices of other small molecule kinase inhibitors.
- Our license, milestone, and royalty payments are based on licensing deals on a per indication
basis. If PTX were to execute a deal licensing PTX-200 for all indications, we believe that the fees
and royalties received would be much greater.
Ultimately, we think that PTX-200 could be prescribed as first- or second-line therapy in advanced stage
cancers. This is due to the need to prevent or reverse chemotherapy resistance as early as possible
(evidence suggests that chemoresistance rates increase following each failed therapy) and the fact that we
believe that it will be in the interest of chemotherapy marketers to combine PTX-200 with their
chemotherapy. This is because of the economic benefits that would be derived from using chemotherapy
treatment for a longer period of time.
Peer Comparison
Company Name Ticker
Share
Price
(USD)
Market Cap
(USD)
Cash
(MRQ, USD)
Total Debt
(MRQ, USD)
Rexahn Pharmaceuticals RNN 0.32 $69.2M $23.4M $0.0M
Sunesis Pharmaceuticals SNSS 0.54 $46.3M $26.9M $7.8M
MEI Pharma MEIP 1.20 $41.0M $53.8M $0.0M
Curis Inc CRIS 1.49 $192.2M $82.2M $24.2M
Verastem Inc VSTM 1.42 $52.5M $110.3M $0.0M
Median $52.5M $53.8M $0.0M
Average $80.3M $59.3M $6.4M
Prescient Therapeutics PTX.AX $0.06 $5.7M $1.4M $0.0M
Source: ThomsonReuters, as of March 29, 2016
The following table represents peer comparables that are developing kinase inhibitors. The closest
comparable, in our view, to PTX is RNN. RNN’s most advanced clinical trial program is an AKT-1
inhibitor in a phase IIa trial for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. CRIS’s lead compound is a HDAC and
PI3K inhibitor in a phase II trial for relapsed, refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and a phase I trial in
patients with solid tumors. SNSS, MEIP, and VSTM experienced development setbacks throughout the
year and have all experienced 80%+ declines from their 52-week highs. The development setbacks for
SNSS and MEIP were in programs unrelated to kinase inhibitors. We believe that the strong valuations for
RNN and CRIS indicate the potential seen in kinase inhibitors, although all of the comps have a much
larger cash balance than PTX.
Risks
There is no guarantee that the Company’s clinical trials for PTX-200 or PTX-100 will show
statistically significant efficacy. There is no guarantee that the Company will achieve its primary
endpoints in its upcoming clinical trials. However, the Company has shown promising early data in breast
cancer, ovarian cancer, and AML for PTX-200.
PTX’s future capital needs are uncertain. While near-term capital needs are fairly certain, longer-term
capital needs are uncertain, and will be driven by such factors as clinical trial results, clinical trial design,
potential partnering with other pharma or biotech companies, and initiating clinical trials in new diseases.
Depending on how multiple factors occur, the Company’s capital raise needs could change significantly.
There is no guarantee that PTX-200 and PTX-100 will continue to show strong safety data. A portion
of kinase inhibitors have shown poor safety data in clinical trials. There is no guarantee that PTX-200 and
PTX-100 will continue to show strong safety data. Results to data have indicated that the Company’s drugs
are safe, and the unique mechanism of action of the drugs is thought to prevent the off-target effects seen in
other kinase inhibitors.
It is likely that the future commercial potential of PTX’s drugs will depend heavily on future
partnership agreements. We are currently modeling for PTX to partner their drugs following phase IIb
trials. Future potential cash flows from PTX’s drugs will depend heavily on the company or companies that
PTX partners with. This decision will likely impact phase III (or earlier if partnerships happen at an earlier
timepoint) trial designs, milestones/royalties received, and where and how effectively their drugs are
marketed if approved for commercial use.
Breast Cancer - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - U.S. 197,000 198,970 204,939 211,087 217,420 223,942 230,661 237,581 244,708 252,049 259,611 267,399 275,421 283,684 292,194
HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - RoW 680,000 686,800 693,668 700,605 707,611 714,687 721,834 729,052 736,343 743,706 751,143 758,654 766,241 773,903 781,642
Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000
Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 2% 3% 5% 5% 5% 5%
Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% 1% 1%
Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 166,924,912 341,788,832 524,917,870 895,813,451 917,339,341 939,457,522 962,185,228
Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 16,692,491 34,178,883 52,491,787 89,581,345 91,733,934 93,945,752 96,218,523
License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 100,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 200,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 70,000,000
Discount Rate 15%
NPV (License Payment) A$87.0M
Prob of Success (License Payment) 30% A$26.1M
NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$179.3M
Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 15% A$26.9M
Combined NPV A$53.0M
Ovarian Cancer - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Ovarian Cancer Patients - U.S. 22,280 22,948 23,637 24,346 25,076 25,829 26,603 27,402 28,224 29,070 29,942 30,841 31,766 32,719 33,700
Ovarian Cancer Patients - RoW 100,000 103,000 106,090 109,273 112,551 115,927 119,405 122,987 126,677 130,477 134,392 138,423 142,576 146,853 151,259
Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000
Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 20% 20% 20%
Penetration Rate - RoW 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3%
Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110,979,193 228,617,138 353,213,478 485,079,844 499,632,239 514,621,206 530,059,842
Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 11,097,919 22,861,714 35,321,348 48,507,984 49,963,224 51,462,121 53,005,984
License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 50,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 100,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 35,000,000
Discount Rate 15%
NPV (License Payment) A$43.5M
Prob of Success (License Payment) 25% A$10.9M
NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$96.4M
Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 10% A$9.6M
Combined NPV A$20.5M
AML - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
AML Patients - U.S. 19,950 20,349 20,756 21,171 21,595 22,026 22,467 22,916 23,375 23,842 24,319 24,805 25,301 25,807 26,324
AML Patients - RoW 52,000 53,560 55,167 56,822 58,526 60,282 62,091 63,953 65,872 67,848 69,884 71,980 74,140 76,364 78,655
Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000
Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 40% 40%
Penetration Rate - RoW 1% 2% 3% 5% 6% 6% 6%
Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54,930,321 112,057,855 228,598,024 349,754,976 475,666,767 485,180,103 494,883,705
Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 5,493,032 11,205,785 22,859,802 34,975,498 47,566,677 48,518,010 49,488,370
License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 70,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 140,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 45,000,000
Discount Rate 15%
NPV (License Payment) A$60.9M
Prob of Success (License Payment) 35% A$21.3M
NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$103.8M
Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 20% A$20.8M
Combined NPV A$42.1M
Breast Cancer - PTX-100 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - U.S. 197,000 198,970 204,939 211,087 217,420 223,942 230,661 237,581 244,708 252,049 259,611 267,399 275,421 283,684 292,194
HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - RoW 680,000 686,800 693,668 700,605 707,611 714,687 721,834 729,052 736,343 743,706 751,143 758,654 766,241 773,903 781,642
Price of PTX-100 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000
Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 2% 3% 3% 3%
Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 174,972,623 358,325,381 550,403,605 563,674,513 577,311,137
Royalty Rate 12% 12% 12% 12% 12%
Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 0 0 20,996,715 42,999,046 66,048,433 67,640,942 69,277,336
License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 80,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 160,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 50,000,000
Discount Rate 15%
NPV (License Payment) A$69.6M
Prob of Success (License Payment) 15% A$10.4M
NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$99.2M
Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 8% A$7.4M
Combined NPV A$17.9M
Multiple Myeloma - PTX-100 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Multiple Myeloma Patients - U.S. 26,850 27,656 28,485 29,340 30,220 31,127 32,060 33,022 34,013 35,033 36,084 37,167 38,282 39,430 40,613
Multiple Myeloma Patients - RoW 30,500 31,415 32,357 33,328 34,328 35,358 36,419 37,511 38,636 39,796 40,989 42,219 43,486 44,790 46,134
Price of PTX-100 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000
Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 4% 7%
Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 1% 1%
Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42,116,264 86,759,503 156,384,005
Royalty Rate 12% 12% 12%
Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,053,952 10,411,140 18,766,081
License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 30,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 60,000,000
Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 20,000,000
Discount Rate 15%
NPV (License Payment) A$0.0M
Prob of Success (License Payment) 15% A$0.0M
NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$4.6M
Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 8% A$0.3M
Combined NPV A$0.3M
Combined NPV A$133.8M
Net Debt -A$1.9M
Cash from options/warrants A$0.4M
Fully Diluted Shares Outstanding (includes additional shares to
represent potential future equity raises)
298.0M
Price Per Share A$0.46
Additional Information
Auditor: Ernst & Young
Company Information
Company Website
About RedChip
RedChip Companies, an Inc. 5000 company, is an international small-cap research, investor relations, and media company headquartered
in Orlando, Florida; with affiliate offices in New York, Pittsburgh, and Seoul. RedChip delivers concrete, measurable results for its clients
through its extensive global network of small-cap institutional and retail investors. RedChip has developed the most comprehensive
platform of products and services for small-cap companies, including: RedChip Research(TM), Traditional Investor Relations, Digital
Investor Relations, Institutional and Retail Conferences, "The RedChip Money Report"(TM) television show, Shareholder Intelligence,
Social Media and Blogging Services, and Webcasts. RedChip is not a FINRA member or registered broker/dealer.
RedChip Companies, Inc. research reports, company profiles and other investor relations materials, publications or presentations, including
web content, are based on data obtained from sources we believe to be reliable but are not guaranteed as to accuracy and are not
purported to be complete. As such, the information should not be construed as advice designed to meet the particular investment needs of
any investor. Any opinions expressed in RedChip reports, company profiles, or other investor relations materials and presentations are
subject to change. RedChip Companies and its affiliates may buy and sell shares of securities or options of the issuers mentioned on this
website at any time.
The information contained herein is not intended to be used as the basis for investment decisions and should not be construed as advice
intended to meet the particular investment needs of any investor. The information contained herein is not a representation or warranty and
is not an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any security. To the fullest extent of the law, RedChip Companies, Inc., our specialists,
advisors, and partners will not be liable to any person or entity for the quality, accuracy, completeness, reliability or timeliness of the
information provided, or for any direct, indirect, consequential, incidental, special or punitive damages that may arise out of the use of
information provided to any person or entity (including but not limited to lost profits, loss of opportunities, trading losses and damages that
may result from any inaccuracy or incompleteness of this information).
Stock market investing is inherently risky. RedChip Companies is not responsible for any gains or losses that result from the opinions
expressed on this website, in its research reports, company profiles or in other investor relations materials or presentations that it publishes
electronically or in print.
We strongly encourage all investors to conduct their own research before making any investment decision. For more information on stock
market investing, visit the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") at www.sec.gov.
Prescient Therapeutics (PTX) is a client of RedChip Companies, Inc. PTX agreed to pay RedChip Companies, Inc. a monthly cash fee and
up to 1.3 million options for 12 months of RedChip investor awareness services. The options are to be earned in multiple tranches based on
preestablished performance criteria, with an exercise price of A$0.10 per option and an expiry date of December 14, 2018
Investor awareness services and programs are designed to help small-cap companies communicate their investment characteristics.
RedChip investor awareness services include the preparation of a research profile(s), multimedia marketing, and other awareness services.
Additional information about the subject security or RedChip Companies Inc. is available upon request. To learn more about RedChip’s
products and services, visit http://www.redchip.com/visibility/productsandservices.asp, call 1-800-RedChip (733-2447), or email
info@redchip.com.
Company Contact Info:
Prescient Therapeutics Ltd.
Level 4
100 Albert Road
South Melbourne VIC 3205
+61 3 9692 7222
justin@ptxtherapeutics.com
Investor Contact Info:
RedChip Companies, Inc.
1017 Maitland Center Commons Blvd.
Maitland, FL 32751
(407) 644-4256
www.redchip.com

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PTX_20160329_ResearchProfile

  • 1. Market Data Fiscal Year June Industry BioTech Market Cap A$7.5M Price/Earnings (ttm) N/A Price/Book (mrq) 1.3x Price/Sales (ttm) N/A Top 20 Holder % 33% Shares Outstanding 93.7M Equity Float 80.6M Avg. Volume (3 mo.) 230,497 As of March 29, 2016 Income Statement Snapshot TTM Revenue A$0.01M Net Loss A($2.2M) Balance Sheet Snapshot MRQ Cash A$1.9M Debt A$0.0M Company Website prescienttherapeutics.com/ March 29, 2016 Target Price: A$0.46 Recent Price: A$0.08 Prescient Therapeutics Ltd. (ASX: PTX) Company Overview Prescient Therapeutics (“PTX,” “Prescient,” or the “Company”) is a clinical stage oncology company developing novel compounds that show great promise as potential new therapies to treat a range of cancers that have become resistant to front-line chemotherapy. The Company’s novel compounds inhibit key tumor survival pathways, restraining cancer growth across a variety of cancers including breast, ovarian, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. PTX is currently in a Phase Ib/II trial for breast cancer (partially funded by the U.S. Department of Defense), a Phase Ib trial for ovarian cancer (partially funded by the National Cancer Institute), and expects to initiate a Phase Ib trial for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in early 2016. The Company’s science/IP comes from Yale University and Moffitt Cancer Center. Valuation Based on a NPV, we are valuing PTX at A$0.46. This values the Company’s five clinical development programs for breast cancer (both PTX-200 and PTX-100), ovarian cancer, AML, and multiple myeloma. Investment Highlights  PTX’s therapies target the key tumor survival pathways Akt and Ras; Akt and Ras activation is observed in a significant percentage of major cancer types  Drug resistance is one of the most significant problems in cancer therapy; PTX’s therapies are designed to prevent or reverse resistance to cancer drugs  PTX has two cancer therapies in five different cancer clinical trials  Near-term data readouts during 2016 provide events that could lead to stock price appreciation  Akt and Ras cause growth in cancer cells; PTX’s drug candidates block Akt and Ras without generating off-target side effects  PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib/II trial for HER2- breast cancer; earlier trial data showed anti-tumor activity and inhibition of tumor survival pathway Akt  PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib trial for ovarian cancer; current generic drugs for ovarian cancer have low survival rates  PTX-200 is expected to enter a Phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016; earlier data showed that over half of patients achieved stable disease after only one treatment cycle, as well as reducing high p-Akt in AML patients blast cells  We believe that PTX-200 has shown the most impressive results from an Akt inhibitor in AML to date  PTX-100 targets the Ras pathway; it is entering phase I for breast cancer and multiple myeloma  Strong management team and key opinion leaders are backing PTX’s technology
  • 2. Investment Highlights PTX’s therapies target the key tumor survival pathways Akt and Ras; Akt and Ras activation is observed in a significant percentage of major cancer types. PTX’s therapies are designed to target the Akt and Ras biochemical “switches.” Preclinical data has shown that PTX’s therapies, when combined with other established cancer drugs (this includes chemotherapy and biologics), inhibits cancer cell growth to a greater degree than the cancer drug by itself. This indicates that PTX’s therapies may potentially be used as either a stand-alone therapy or in combination with a wide variety of marketed oncology drugs. Akt and Ras have generated significant interest from large pharmaceutical companies, due to the established basis they have in contributing to the growth of a wide variety of major cancers. As the following chart shows, Akt activation occurs at high percentages in a significant amount of major cancer types: Tumor type % Tumors with active AKT Glioma ~55 Thyroid carcinoma 80–100 Breast carcinoma 20–55 Small-cell lung carcinoma ~60 Non-small-cell lung carcinoma 30–75 Gastric carcinoma ~80 Gastrointestinal stromal tumors ~30 Pancreatic carcinoma 30–70 Bile duct carcinoma ~85 Ovarian carcinoma 40–70 Endometrial carcinoma >35 Prostate carcinoma 45–55 Renal cell carcinoma ~40 Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma 100 Acute myeloid leukemia ~70 Multiple myeloma ~90 Malignant mesothelioma a ~65 Malignant melanomab 43–67 Ras activation has also been shown to occur in significant percentages in major cancers. Over 30% of all human cancers are shown to have Ras mutations. PTX-100 targets geranylgeranyl transferase (GGTI), which has been showed to greatly increase the risk of advanced cancer in breast cancer, endometrial carcinoma, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, and liver cancer. Targeted drugs such as PTX’s cancer therapies now make up the majority of the market for cancer treatment, and the market share of targeted therapies is projected to continue to grow. Targeted therapies have shown improved success rates in oncology clinical trials, as improved cancer testing and patient screening have better identified which patients are likely to be responsive to a particular therapy. renal cancer, and has shown anticancer activity against a variety of solid tumors. Next-generation mTOR inhibitor everolimus is the standard of care for advanced pancreatic cancer, along with achieving approval for a number of other cancers. Drug resistance is one of the most significant problems in cancer therapy; PTX’s initial target markets are focused on preventing or reversing resistance to cancer drugs. PTX’s drugs are designed to prevent or reverse resistance to chemotherapy, which is one of the most significant problems in cancer treatment. It is estimated that approximately 90% of metastatic cancers become resistant to chemotherapy. Even targeted cancer treatments, such as HER-2 cancer drug Herceptin, develop resistance in the majority a Altomare et al. (2005) b Reviewed in Robertson (2005); remaining cancer types reviewed in Bellacosa et al. (2005) Altomare, D., Testa J. Perturbations of the AKT signaling pathway in human cancer. Oncogene (2005) 24, 7455- 7464
  • 3. of cases within one year of treatment for metastatic breast cancer (estimated to range from 66%-88%). The following quote from University of Georgia associate professor Mandi Murph describes the importance of overcoming chemotherapy resistance: “Within two years, 85 percent of women will have their (ovarian) cancer come back in a more aggressive form … It is during that time that they won’t respond to the chemotherapy … Chemoresistance prevents us from curing the disease … If we can cure chemoresistance, we can cure ovarian cancer.” One of the most significant drivers of this resistance are the presence of abnormal biochemical “switches” that, when turned on, contribute to cancer cell growth and lead to metastasis. PTX has two cancer therapies in five different cancer clinical trials. As the following chart shows, PTX has two different cancer therapies that are currently engaged in five different human clinical trials: PTX’s therapies have been the subject of over 65 peer reviewed publications to date. This indicates enormous validation of the potential that the Company’s compounds have for treating cancer. Near-term data readouts during 2016 provide events that could lead to stock price appreciation. The PTX-200 clinical trials in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are scheduled to have near-term data readouts during 2016. Positive data from these trials could lead to stock price appreciation. The following table from the Company shows these near-term events:
  • 4. Akt and Ras cause growth in cancer cells; PTX’s drug candidates block Akt and Ras without generating off-target side effects. PTX-200 inhibits a tumor survival pathway known as Akt. Akt plays a key role in the development of many cancers, including breast, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, and hematological cancers. Given the wide range of cancers that Akt plays a role in, we believe that PTX-200 has significant platform potential over the long-term. As the following diagrams show, PTX-200’s mechanism of action prevents Akt from anchoring to the cell membrane, where it gets phosphorylated and activated, stimulating cancer cell division and growth:
  • 5. PTX-100 has the ability to block an important cancer growth enzyme known as geranylgeranyl transferase (GGT). This leads to the blocking/deactivation of the Ras tumor survival pathway. Mutations that directly activate Ras are found in approximately 30% of cancers, and mutations occur more frequently in certain types of cancers, including lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and melanoma. Previous treatments that attempted to directly target Ras or target enzymes upstream of Ras have proven unsuccessful. PTX-100 is the first drug in human clinical trials to attempt to block GGTI. The Ras signaling pathway is involved in many other cancers through indirect activation. The Ras pathway is thought to play a role in approximately 50% of breast cancers. Breast cancer is one of PTX-100’s current clinical trial programs. PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib/II trial for HER2- breast cancer; earlier trial data showed anti- tumor activity and inhibition of tumor survival pathway Akt. PTX-200 is currently in a phase Ib/II trial for HER2- breast cancer. The trial combines PTX-200 with taxol in patients with metastatic and locally advanced breast cancer. PTX’s Phase Ib/II trial in HER2- breast cancer is funded by a National Cancer Institute (NCI) grant. All patients in the trial (n=17) have been dosed and the trial is now entering the expansion phase. The recommended phase II dose of 35 mg/m2 has been determined. The phase II portion of the trial is scheduled to commence during 1H16. The trial combines PTX-200 with paclitaxel, followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. These milestones could provide important near term news for PTX. There are multiple Akt inhibitors in phase I and phase II trials for multiple different types of breast cancer, as shown in the following chart: Target Compound ClinicalTrial.gov identifier Setting Akt inhibitors Perifosine NCT00054145 Phase II; MBC, completed MK2206 NCT01245205 Phase I; MK-2206 with lapatinib in solid tumors with dose expansion in HER2+ breast cancer NCT01281163 Phase Ib; MK-2206 with lapatinib in HER2+ MBC NCT01277757 Phase II; MK2206 in advanced breast cancer with PIK3CA mutation, or AKT mutation, or PTEN loss/mutation NCT01776008 Phase II; neoadjuvant MK-2206 with anastrozole with or without goserelin in stage 2 or 3 PIK3CA mutant HR+, HER2– breast cancer GDC0068 NCT01562275 Phase Ib; GDC-0973 (MEK inhibitor) and GDC-0068 in solid tumors Paplomata, E., O’Regan R. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer: targets, trials and biomarkers. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2014 Jul; 6(4): 154-166 Earlier trial data in HER2- breast cancer showed evidence of safety, anti-tumor activity, and inhibition of important tumor survival pathway Akt. This indicates the potential for positive efficacy and safety data in future clinical trials.
  • 6. According to IMS Health, sales of breast cancer drugs are set to grow from $9.8 billion by 2013 to $18.2 billion by 2023, or a CAGR of 5.8%. The fastest growing market in breast cancer drugs is the HER2+ subtype, with this market set to grow from $5.6 billion in 2013 to $12.5 billion in 2013, or a CAGR of 7.6%. HER2+ breast cancer accounts for approximately 20% of breast cancers; the outsized market growth is due to the success of HER2+ breast cancer drugs such as Herceptin. PTX-200 is targeting HER2- breast cancer, which encompasses the other 80% of breast cancers. In our view, the most promising breast cancer category for PTX-200 is triple negative breast cancer, which makes up approximately 10-20% of breast cancers. Most patients in this category have resistance to chemotherapy, and half of these patients die within five years. Chemotherapy is the main treatment option to treat these patients. Additionally, as the following table shows, the chemotherapy response rate in estrogen receptor (ER) and hormone receptor (HR) positive advanced breast cancer, as defined by the pathological complete response (pCR), is under 10%. Research indicates that activation of the Akt pathway increases resistance to endocrine therapy. The pCR in ER- and HR-negative advanced breast cancer has been shown to range from about 17%-33%. First author n (% with positive ER/HR) pCR in ER/HR-positive (%) pCR in ER/HR-negative (%) Bear 2286 (45) 8.2 16.7 Ring 435 (71) 8.1 21.6 von Minckwitz 904 (68) 6.2 22.8 Colleoni 399 (43) 7.6 33.3 Guarneri 1719 (67) 7.8 23.7 Barrios C., Sampaio C., Vinholes J., Caponero R. What is the role of chemotherapy in estrogen receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer? Ann Oncol (2009) 20 (7): 1157-1162 Early-stage HER2- breast cancer shows better response rates to chemotherapy, but over half of patients still show chemoresistance. Given the high rates of chemotherapy resistance in HER2- breast cancer, we believe that a multibillion dollar market opportunity exists for PTX-200 in HER2- breast cancer. PTX-200 is currently in a Phase Ib trial for ovarian cancer; current generic drugs for ovarian cancer have low survival rates. PTX-200 is currently in a phase Ib/II trial for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The trial combines PTX-200 with Carboplatin. The phase Ib trial is partially funded by the NCI. A recent report from Visiongain projects that the ovarian cancer drug market will reach $1.7 billion by 2019, with growth driven mostly by the recent approvals of Yondelis and Avastin. Efficacy results from these drugs were mediocre at best, with both drugs gaining EU approval but receiving rejection from the FDA. Other ovarian cancer drugs currently in late-stage trials are projected to either not be approved or are expected to have limited sales. Various targeted therapies in earlier-stage trials may provide improved efficacy, although this is yet to be determined. The primary treatment of ovarian cancer remains generic chemotherapies. Chemoresistance remains very high, as indicated by high recurrence and mortality rates for ovarian cancer. Almost all patients who receive chemotherapy for ovarian cancer are either resistant initially to chemotherapy or end up relapsing. Prognosis following relapse is poor.
  • 7. Big pharma has been testing Akt inhibitors in several early-stage clinical trials. Akt inhibitors are could potentially show enhanced antitumor effects relative to mTOR inhibitors, as Akt acts upstream of mTOR. The following table shows the Akt inhibitors that have published results in ovarian cancer: Phase Treatment No. of OCpatients Selected toxicities Efficacy I Perifosine (MTD = 150 mg/day) + docetaxel 21 Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue At MTD in 11 patients, PR in 1 PTEN-null patient, SD in 3 patients I GSK795 (25, 50, or 75 mg/day) 12 Grade 2 anorexia (18%) and vomiting (18%) 2 (16%) cases of SD for 6 months with tumor shrinkage of 26% and 11%, respectively I GSK211 (50-150 mg/day) + carboplatin (AUC = 5) + paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) 29 Grade 1/2 diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue All patients in dose escalation: ORR = 30%; At MTD: ORR = 50% MTD, maximal tolerated dose; AUC, area under curve; SD, stable disease; ORR, objective response rate. Cheaib B., Auguste A., Leary A. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ovarian cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Chin J Cancer. 2015 Jan; 34(1): 4-16 In addition to the compounds in the above table, there are a few other Akt inhibitors in clinical trials for ovarian cancer. Below is a table detailing the current Akt inhibitors currently engaged in clinical trials: Compound Trial Design Population Registration MK - 2206 Phase II Monotherapy Recurrent Ovarian NCT01283035 AZD5363 Phase Ib plus olaparib and AZD 2014 (mTOR inhibitor) Phase I monotherapy Recurrent endometrial and Ovarian Cancer Advanced Malignancies (Includes Ovarian) NCT02208375 NCT01226516 GSK 2110183 Phase I/II dose finding Platinum resistant Ovarian Cancer NCT01653912 Perifosine Phase I plus docetaxel Relapsed Ovarian Cancer NCT00431054 Musa F., Schneider R. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in ovarian cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2015; 4(1): 97-106 PTX-200 is expected to enter a Phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016; earlier data showed that over half of patients achieved stable disease after only one treatment cycle. PTX-200 is expected to enter a phase Ib trial for AML in early 2016. The trial will combine PTX-200 with cytarabine in refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. A 32 patient phase I trial has been completed in AML. 17 out of 32 patients had achieved stable disease after one treatment cycle, and three patients achieved a greater than 50% bone marrow blast reduction, which is potentially indicative of PTX-200’s efficacy. PTX-200 also reduced pAKT in AML blasts, providing another potential indicator of efficacy. PTX-200 was used as a monotherapy in its phase I trial, and we think that efficacy has an opportunity to increase, given that it is now being combined with cytarabine in its upcoming Phase Ib trial. Preclinical data showed that PTX-200 is highly synergistic with cytarabine when treating AML cells:
  • 8. PTX-200 was also shown to be safe, which is significant, given that past human trials in Akt inhibitors for AML showed significant levels of toxicity. AML survival rates are abysmal. For patients under 60 years old, the five-year survival rate is about 30%- 35%. For patients over 60 years old, the five-year survival rate is under 10%. As the patient population ages, finding better treatment options for AML will be key. Primary chemotherapy treatment for AML includes cytarabine. However, resistance typically occurs, as evidenced by the low AML survival rates. We believe that PTX-200 has shown the most impressive results from an Akt inhibitor in AML to date. In our view, the results from PTX-200 in AML are the most impressive results from an Akt inhibitor in AML to date. As stated above, the Company’s phase I trial showed that 17 out of 32 patients achieved stable disease after only one treatment cycle, and three patients achieved a greater than 50% bone marrow blast reduction. Other published results in Akt inhibitors for AML have shown significant toxicity and low overall response rates (ORR), as indicated in the below table of Akt inhibitors currently in clinical trials for leukemia: Compound Target Disease/ Model Result Reference Perifosine AKT CLL phase II, ORR 1 (12,5%) of 8, SD 6 (75%) of 8 patients Friedman, Lanasa et al., Leuk Lymphoma, 2014 [134] Perifosine + UCN-01 AKT AML phase I, ORR 0 (0%) of 11 patients Gojo, Perl et al., Invest New Drugs, 2013 [90] GSK2141795 + MEK inhibitor AKT1/2/3 several cancer types in vitro efficacyin cell lines and murine models Dumble, Crouthamel et al., PLOS One, 2014 [135] GSK2141795 + Trametinib AKT1/2/3 AML phase II, ongoing ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier: NCT01907815 MK-2206 AKT1 ALL Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in vitro and in vivo Piovan, Yu et al., Cancer Cell, 2013 [52] GSK690693 pan AKT ALL in vitro inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis Levy, Kahana et al., Blood, 2009 [136] Fransecky L., Mochmann L., Baldus C. Outlook on PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibition in acute leukemia. Mol Cell Ther. 2015; 3: 2. PTX-100 targets the Ras pathway; it is entering phase I for breast cancer and multiple myeloma. PTX-100 has been shown to be well tolerated in a study of advanced solid tumors. The trial had 13 patients and determined a maximum tolerated dose of 2060 mg/kg. PTX-100 is set to enter phase I trials for breast cancer and multiple myeloma, and the expected start dates for both trials are in 4Q16.
  • 9. Preclinical results for PTX-100 (GGTI-2418) showed significant inhibitions in tumor growth volume. 100 mg/kg of PTX-100 daily resulted in a 94% reduction in tumor volume, and 200 mg/kg of PTX-100 every third day resulted in a 77% reduction in tumor volume (p<0.005 for both treatment schedules). There is a correlation between GGTI and both the overall risk of cancer and the probability of cancer to grow and metastasize. GGTI blocks/deactivates the Ras pathway. Previous attempts to directly target Ras have been unsuccessful, and clinical work is now either focusing on targeting upstream proteins that target Ras (such as GGTI), or on pathways downstream of Ras. Until PTX-100, work focusing on targeting upstream proteins of Ras has been confined to preclinical or very early clinical trial work (human clinical trials targeting farnesyltransferase have been unsuccessful), while targets of downstream pathways of Ras are in a variety of Phase I and Phase II clinical trials. PTX-100 is the only GGTI inhibitor in human clinical trials. PTX is planning to develop a novel cancer biomarker, p27, as a companion diagnostic to determine which patients will respond best to PTX-100. It is thought that patients with low levels of p27 have overactive Rho proteins. Rho proteins are part of the Ras pathway and are activated by GGTI (GGTI blocks the Ras pathway and thus also blocks Rho proteins). P27 typically acts as a “brake” on cancer cell growth, and thus low levels of p27 would likely lead to a greater risk of cancer cell growth. In one study of 167 node- negative breast carcinomas 66% of women had low levels of p27. We believe that the development of p27 will increase the probability of successful trials for PTX. Strong management team and key opinion leaders are backing PTX’s technology. PTX has amassed an impressive management team, key opinion leaders, and clinical advocates to help run their upcoming clinical trials in PTX-200. We believe that this helps in a number of ways, including assuring that company resources are used in an effective manner, that PTX’s technology is of high quality and has strong development potential, and that upcoming clinical trials will be run effectively and will be designed to best assess the true efficacy and safety of PTX’s drugs. Bios of key management, directors, and advisory personnel are available at the following links: http://prescienttherapeutics.com/management-team/, http://prescienttherapeutics.com/directors/, http://prescienttherapeutics.com/scientific-advisory-board/. Patents granted in major jurisdictions until 2030. The Company’s patent portfolio should ensure that PTX-200 and PTX-100, if they reach commercialization, will be able to sell their drugs on all major revenue generating jurisdictions, and for a long enough period of time, to make development profitable and worthwhile.
  • 10. Valuation Based on a rNPV, we are valuing PTX at A$0.46. This values the Company’s five clinical development programs for breast cancer (both PTX-200 and PTX-100), ovarian cancer, AML, and multiple myeloma. Some notes on our model: - The majority of the Company’s value comes from PTX-200 in breast cancer and AML. We believe that this is where the Company’s best clinical results have occurred to date. In particular, we believe that PTX’s AML phase I trial results are the best results seen in an Akt inhibitor. - We believe that the majority of the Company’s resources will be spent on developing PTX-200. Our model assumes that partnering of the Company’s development programs occurs following phase IIb results. - We are assuming that the Company will raise an additional A$50 million at a weighted average share price of A$0.25 to fund development of PTX-200 through phase IIb trials for breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AML, PTX-100 for breast cancer through a phase Ib/IIa trial, and PTX-100 for multiple myeloma through a phase Ia trial. We believe that the Company, if results are positive, will be able to partner PTX-200 following phase IIb trials. Upfront license fees from partnering can be used to fund other programs without further dilution. - We are assuming that the Company’s per patient costs increase in its phase IIb trials for PTX-200. This is assuming, in addition to the higher costs present with running a trial at additional centers, that patients are screened for mutations that infer a higher probability of responding to an akt inhibitor. This would increase trial costs, but also lead to a higher probability of trial success. - Akt plays a role in a significant number of cancers, so we believe that the patient population that would respond to an akt inhibitor could comprise a large percentage of the patient population. - Given PTX-200’s positioning as an adjunctive therapy, strong safety profile, and strong management team and client advocates, we believe that the Company will not have significant issues with patient enrollment. - We are assuming a per patient treatment price of A$47,000. We believe this is in line with the prices of other small molecule kinase inhibitors. - Our license, milestone, and royalty payments are based on licensing deals on a per indication basis. If PTX were to execute a deal licensing PTX-200 for all indications, we believe that the fees and royalties received would be much greater. Ultimately, we think that PTX-200 could be prescribed as first- or second-line therapy in advanced stage cancers. This is due to the need to prevent or reverse chemotherapy resistance as early as possible (evidence suggests that chemoresistance rates increase following each failed therapy) and the fact that we believe that it will be in the interest of chemotherapy marketers to combine PTX-200 with their chemotherapy. This is because of the economic benefits that would be derived from using chemotherapy treatment for a longer period of time.
  • 11. Peer Comparison Company Name Ticker Share Price (USD) Market Cap (USD) Cash (MRQ, USD) Total Debt (MRQ, USD) Rexahn Pharmaceuticals RNN 0.32 $69.2M $23.4M $0.0M Sunesis Pharmaceuticals SNSS 0.54 $46.3M $26.9M $7.8M MEI Pharma MEIP 1.20 $41.0M $53.8M $0.0M Curis Inc CRIS 1.49 $192.2M $82.2M $24.2M Verastem Inc VSTM 1.42 $52.5M $110.3M $0.0M Median $52.5M $53.8M $0.0M Average $80.3M $59.3M $6.4M Prescient Therapeutics PTX.AX $0.06 $5.7M $1.4M $0.0M Source: ThomsonReuters, as of March 29, 2016 The following table represents peer comparables that are developing kinase inhibitors. The closest comparable, in our view, to PTX is RNN. RNN’s most advanced clinical trial program is an AKT-1 inhibitor in a phase IIa trial for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. CRIS’s lead compound is a HDAC and PI3K inhibitor in a phase II trial for relapsed, refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and a phase I trial in patients with solid tumors. SNSS, MEIP, and VSTM experienced development setbacks throughout the year and have all experienced 80%+ declines from their 52-week highs. The development setbacks for SNSS and MEIP were in programs unrelated to kinase inhibitors. We believe that the strong valuations for RNN and CRIS indicate the potential seen in kinase inhibitors, although all of the comps have a much larger cash balance than PTX. Risks There is no guarantee that the Company’s clinical trials for PTX-200 or PTX-100 will show statistically significant efficacy. There is no guarantee that the Company will achieve its primary endpoints in its upcoming clinical trials. However, the Company has shown promising early data in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AML for PTX-200. PTX’s future capital needs are uncertain. While near-term capital needs are fairly certain, longer-term capital needs are uncertain, and will be driven by such factors as clinical trial results, clinical trial design, potential partnering with other pharma or biotech companies, and initiating clinical trials in new diseases. Depending on how multiple factors occur, the Company’s capital raise needs could change significantly. There is no guarantee that PTX-200 and PTX-100 will continue to show strong safety data. A portion of kinase inhibitors have shown poor safety data in clinical trials. There is no guarantee that PTX-200 and PTX-100 will continue to show strong safety data. Results to data have indicated that the Company’s drugs are safe, and the unique mechanism of action of the drugs is thought to prevent the off-target effects seen in other kinase inhibitors. It is likely that the future commercial potential of PTX’s drugs will depend heavily on future partnership agreements. We are currently modeling for PTX to partner their drugs following phase IIb trials. Future potential cash flows from PTX’s drugs will depend heavily on the company or companies that PTX partners with. This decision will likely impact phase III (or earlier if partnerships happen at an earlier timepoint) trial designs, milestones/royalties received, and where and how effectively their drugs are marketed if approved for commercial use.
  • 12. Breast Cancer - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - U.S. 197,000 198,970 204,939 211,087 217,420 223,942 230,661 237,581 244,708 252,049 259,611 267,399 275,421 283,684 292,194 HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - RoW 680,000 686,800 693,668 700,605 707,611 714,687 721,834 729,052 736,343 743,706 751,143 758,654 766,241 773,903 781,642 Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 2% 3% 5% 5% 5% 5% Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% 1% 1% Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 166,924,912 341,788,832 524,917,870 895,813,451 917,339,341 939,457,522 962,185,228 Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 16,692,491 34,178,883 52,491,787 89,581,345 91,733,934 93,945,752 96,218,523 License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 100,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 200,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 70,000,000 Discount Rate 15% NPV (License Payment) A$87.0M Prob of Success (License Payment) 30% A$26.1M NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$179.3M Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 15% A$26.9M Combined NPV A$53.0M Ovarian Cancer - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Ovarian Cancer Patients - U.S. 22,280 22,948 23,637 24,346 25,076 25,829 26,603 27,402 28,224 29,070 29,942 30,841 31,766 32,719 33,700 Ovarian Cancer Patients - RoW 100,000 103,000 106,090 109,273 112,551 115,927 119,405 122,987 126,677 130,477 134,392 138,423 142,576 146,853 151,259 Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 20% 20% 20% Penetration Rate - RoW 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3% Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110,979,193 228,617,138 353,213,478 485,079,844 499,632,239 514,621,206 530,059,842 Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 11,097,919 22,861,714 35,321,348 48,507,984 49,963,224 51,462,121 53,005,984 License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 50,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 100,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 35,000,000 Discount Rate 15% NPV (License Payment) A$43.5M Prob of Success (License Payment) 25% A$10.9M NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$96.4M Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 10% A$9.6M Combined NPV A$20.5M AML - PTX-200 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 AML Patients - U.S. 19,950 20,349 20,756 21,171 21,595 22,026 22,467 22,916 23,375 23,842 24,319 24,805 25,301 25,807 26,324 AML Patients - RoW 52,000 53,560 55,167 56,822 58,526 60,282 62,091 63,953 65,872 67,848 69,884 71,980 74,140 76,364 78,655 Price of PTX-200 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 40% 40% Penetration Rate - RoW 1% 2% 3% 5% 6% 6% 6% Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54,930,321 112,057,855 228,598,024 349,754,976 475,666,767 485,180,103 494,883,705 Royalty Rate 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 5,493,032 11,205,785 22,859,802 34,975,498 47,566,677 48,518,010 49,488,370 License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 70,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 140,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 45,000,000 Discount Rate 15% NPV (License Payment) A$60.9M Prob of Success (License Payment) 35% A$21.3M NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$103.8M Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 20% A$20.8M Combined NPV A$42.1M Breast Cancer - PTX-100 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - U.S. 197,000 198,970 204,939 211,087 217,420 223,942 230,661 237,581 244,708 252,049 259,611 267,399 275,421 283,684 292,194 HER2- Breast Cancer Patients - RoW 680,000 686,800 693,668 700,605 707,611 714,687 721,834 729,052 736,343 743,706 751,143 758,654 766,241 773,903 781,642 Price of PTX-100 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 2% 3% 3% 3% Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 174,972,623 358,325,381 550,403,605 563,674,513 577,311,137 Royalty Rate 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 0 0 20,996,715 42,999,046 66,048,433 67,640,942 69,277,336 License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 80,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 160,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 50,000,000 Discount Rate 15% NPV (License Payment) A$69.6M Prob of Success (License Payment) 15% A$10.4M NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$99.2M Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 8% A$7.4M Combined NPV A$17.9M Multiple Myeloma - PTX-100 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Multiple Myeloma Patients - U.S. 26,850 27,656 28,485 29,340 30,220 31,127 32,060 33,022 34,013 35,033 36,084 37,167 38,282 39,430 40,613 Multiple Myeloma Patients - RoW 30,500 31,415 32,357 33,328 34,328 35,358 36,419 37,511 38,636 39,796 40,989 42,219 43,486 44,790 46,134 Price of PTX-100 per patient 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 47,000 Penetration Rate - U.S. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 4% 7% Penetration Rate - RoW 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% Total Sales 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42,116,264 86,759,503 156,384,005 Royalty Rate 12% 12% 12% Royalty Revenue 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,053,952 10,411,140 18,766,081 License Fee (assuming successful phase 2 trial) 30,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful phase 3 trial) 60,000,000 Milestone Payment (assuming successful NDA) 20,000,000 Discount Rate 15% NPV (License Payment) A$0.0M Prob of Success (License Payment) 15% A$0.0M NPV (Milestone Payment & Royalties) A$4.6M Prob of Success (Milestone Payment & Royalties) 8% A$0.3M Combined NPV A$0.3M Combined NPV A$133.8M Net Debt -A$1.9M Cash from options/warrants A$0.4M Fully Diluted Shares Outstanding (includes additional shares to represent potential future equity raises) 298.0M Price Per Share A$0.46
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