Best SEO Practices for Mobile Website - Includes the factors that help to enhance website's performance in Mobile Search Engines.

1. "Mobile Web, a best opportunity to
interact with your audience all time"
Mobile has become so important that any website owner couldn't forget.
Going mobile is very essential to enhance your website performance,
driving traffic to generate revenue and to establish brand loyalty. All
websites which are displayed in Google Search on Mobile Devices are not
optimized. Likewise website which is designed for desktop can't be
accessed on multiple mobile devices.
Here are the best ways to approach a High-Performance Mobile Site:
"Understanding mobile experience with improved usability and
accessibility on mobile devices helps to grow your business"
Google's Recommended Configurations:
1. Best Practice of using Responsive Web Design: Serves all devices on
the same URLs, with each URL serving the same HTML to all devices and
CSS is used to alter the display of the page on the device using media
queries.

2. WHY?
 Having one URL is easier for user to interact with web pages and it
allows Google Algorithms to assign indexing properties for the
content.
 Reduces loading time as redirection not necessary to get the device-
optimized view. Improves the performance since Google doesn't
have to crawl multiple web pages.
2. Dynamic Serving Configuration: Google supports websites which serve
equivalent content using Different Device-Type-Specific HTML approach.
When you use different Device Specific HTML approach on the same URL,
Google recommends you to use the HTTP Vary Header (helps in
communicating caching servers and Google algorithms that the content
may change for different user agents requesting the page) - Crawling
signal for Googlebot-Mobile.
3. Separate Desktop and Mobile URL Configuration:
When you use different Device Specific HTML approach on the different
URLs (ex: www.example.com and m.example.com), Google recommends
rel="alternate" tag (pointing to the corresponding mobile URL) on the
desktop version and a rel="canonical" tag (pointing to the corresponding
desktop URL) on the mobile version.
WHY?
This annotation helps Googlebot discover your content and understand
the relationship between your desktop and mobile pages to treat them
accordingly. When you use different URLs to serve the same content in
different formats, the annotation tells Google's algorithms that those two
URLs have equivalent content and should be treated as one entity instead
of two entities. (If they are treated separately, both desktop and mobile
URLs are shown in desktop search results, and their positions may be
lower than they would otherwise be).

3. "Reach your Mobile Search Audience"
 Desktop search queries are different from Mobile search queries.
Analyse & discover the right keyphrases to target your visitors using
Keyword Tool.
 Optimize Title and Description.
 Design your site with less number of taps to find your
product/services.
"Predictive Search helps Mobile Searchers"
As per Google's Research Team, maximum mobile search query is 15
characters long and users will not have patience to type the keyphrases in
their small keypads. Make use of predictive search keyphrases as it helps
users to reach their goal in few key presses.
"Local Search plays a major role in Mobile Search"
User search experience is entirely different on mobile when compared to
desktop search, as SERP varies on both mobile and desktop. Since
majority of searches on mobile are location specific, localizing your
products or services can enhance your mobile site performance. Also
creating Google Places for your business will give you listing on Google
Maps which will be shown in Mobile SERP's. Ensure to claim and optimize
your business with updated information, images, videos etc. in other
relevant local business listings too.
"Socialize your Mobile Site"
Implement social network icons (Facebook, Google+, Twitter etc.) on your
mobile site - Allows audience to refer your products or services to their
social circle which in turn gain traffic to your site.
“Incorporate Email Subscription/Subscribe to Newsletters”
Having an option of “subscribe to email” or newsletter or blogs will let
your visitors to engage with your products or service updates.

4. “Speed up your Mobile Page Load Time”
Mobile audiences are terribly annoyed when the web page doesn’t render
fast. The longer delay will obviously lead to increase in bounce rate.
Google Mobile instructions to speed up the page load time will help you
to deliver optimal experience for your mobile audience.
Although I have tried to cover all the aspects of mobile SEO, still there
are many factors to be considered. However following the best practices
from Google Mobile will help you to improve the overall performance and
presence of your business in Mobile Search.