This document discusses network and system administration. It defines network administration as controlling corporate network assets and complexity while improving service and reducing downtime. The roles of a network administrator include tasks like security management, fault management, user management and supporting networked applications. Network administration aims to design logical networks, provide services needed by users, and keep systems running smoothly despite problems. Effective administration requires both reactive firefighting of issues and proactive preventative management through monitoring.
2. CS3063 (Sys & Net Admin)
WSU CS Dept 2
Question?
1. Define NW/SYS Administration?
2. What are the role of NW administrator?
3. How does Network Administration work in
Practice?
4. List some tasks of NW administrator
5. What are Goals of System/Network
Administration?
6. What are the Challenges of System/Network
Administration?
3. 3
Role of Network Administrator
some Definitions ???
Controlling corporate strategic assets
Controlling complexity
Improving service
Balancing various needs
Reducing downtime
Controlling costs
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4. 4
OSI Management
Functional Areas
“F C A P S”
Fault Management
Configuration & Name Management
Account Management
Performance Management
Security Management
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5. 5
OSI open Systems Interconnection - Fault
management
The facilities that enable the
detection,
isolation, and
correction
of abnormal operation of the OSI
environment.
It is essential that the system be able to detect, report and recover from
failures as quickly as possible
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6. 6
OSI - Configuration and Name
Management
• The ability to configure a system to be
able to operate in a desired manner
• This could include
manual creation of static routing tables in
routers, etc.
N:B configuration management is best
performed at a central site
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7. 7
OSI - Account Management
The facilities that enable
charges to be established for the use of
managed objects and
costs to be identified for the use of those
managed objects.
the ability to account for the resources
consumed in a system
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8. 8
OSI - Performance
Management
The Facilities needed to evaluate
the means by which a system's
performance may be monitored
Behaviour of managed objects
Effectiveness of communication activities
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9. 9
OSI - Security Management
Address those aspects of OSI security
essential to:
operate OSI network management correctly and
to protect managed objects
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11. 11
Network
Hardware
Applications
Division of Labour
Structure of Systems and
Network Management
Organisation
Def. responsible for the
maintenance of computer hardware
and software that comprises a
computer network.
-This normally includes the
deployment, configuration,
maintenance and monitoring of
active network equipment. ...
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12. CS3063 (Sys & Net Admin)
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Corporate Networked
Environments
Have team(s) of specialists in various areas
Well defined tasks
job descriptions
In small networks usually one person
multi-skilled and multi-tasked
In reality – often somewhere in between….
17. 17
Planning for Growth
A Network (or any organisation) is not static
Growth means increased load on a
network. This must be planned for….
Systems eventually need replacement.
This must be planned for – in advance…
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18. 18
Fault Management and
Recovery
Monitoring
Reporting status
Testing
Fixes and Patches
Updates
Repairs
Change Management
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19. 19
Account / User Management
Communication Facilities
Connection - Rental - Charges
Hardware Usage
Lease - Rent - Hire
Consumables Usage
Power, Paper, Media (Diskettes, CDs…)
Software Usage
Licensing,
Application usage
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20. 20
Account / User Management
Accounts are Managed for:
Intrusion detection / prevention
Charging for Services
Legal protection of the Organisation
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21. 21
Networked Application Support
Client / Server systems support
Internet support
Server support
Applications and Hardware
Helpdesk
Printing
eMail
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22. Network Support
Another way to think about what a
Network Administrator does is to
look at the network structure
24. 24
Networking Support - WAN
Core Infrastructure Management
Media......WAN ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES.ppt
Fibre
Microwave
Leased circuits (eg. ISDN-Integrated
Services Digital Network)
Copper based
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25. 25
Networking Support - WAN
ATM-Asynchronous Transfer Mode/FDDI Fibre Distributed Data Interface
core
Security
Performance
Configurations
Load-balancing
IP and other routable protocol issues
Routing (strategies, protocols)
Higher-level networking services (e.g. DNS)
Equipment management
Security
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26. 26
Networking Support - LAN
The edge/user networks management
Media
Cable-based (eg. CAT 5)
LAN related
Ethernet and other LAN related protocols
• MAC issues (eg. registrations)
• Desktop and server related fault management
• Load-balancing (topology and infrastructure
items eg. hubs and switches)
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27. 27
Networking Support - LAN
Equipment management
Standardisation
Cataloguing for inventory control
Troubleshooting
The methodologies
(planned procedures for known problems)
Security
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29. 29
The Server support
Analysis of new Server hardware
Network interface speed
The number of interface
Sustained network output and inputs
Network availability requirements
Network security requirements
Backup related requirements
Disk size
Rate of change of data
Backup policies
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30. OK…
That is what an network
Administrator does…
So…..
How do we learn Network or
Systems Administration?
31. 31
How to be a Sys/Net Admin
(yet another Job Description…)
Learn Operating System basics eg Unix
Learn shell utilities and script programming
Learn how to Install and Configure OS
Learn DNS
Learn TCP/IP networking
Learn NFS and NIS- Network Information Service(DB) (or
equivalent…)
Learn about system tuning and accounting
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32. 32
Goals of System/Network
Administration
Put together a network of computers
Get them running
Keep them running (despite Users….)
Provide a Service to Users
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33. Challenges of
System/Network Administration
Systems or Network Administration is more
than just installing computers or networks.
It is about planning and designing an
efficient community of computers that allow
users to get their jobs done.
34. 34
Challenges of Administration
Design Logical, Efficient networks
Easily deploy & update many machines
Decide what services are needed
know the business tasks & customers
Plan and implement adequate security
Provide comfortable User environment
Be able to fix errors and problems
Keep track of & be able to use knowledge
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36. 36
Comparison of System/Network
Management Styles
Fire-Fighting
Managing by responding to situations when
they happen (Reactive)
Preventative management
Monitor network and make repairs and
changes before problems appear (Proactive)
These are two opposite extremes.
Most real managers combine both.
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37. 37
Fire-Fighting
Investigate the Fault or Problem
Isolate the problem and identify/define it
Use tests and tools to diagnose the problem
Solve the problem and document the solution
Prioritize multiple problems
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39. Assignment 10%
Distinguish between System Administration
and Network Administration.
Write about the basic difference in WSU
ICTD work description of System and
Network Administration.
Briefed discussion about ATM, FDDI, Frame
Relay, HDLC, DSL/ADSL, Token Ring,
Ethernet & ETC
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