This document discusses women's empowerment and role in Bangladesh's financial sector over the past 50 years since independence. It provides background on empowerment of women and their position after liberation. It then outlines the various financial institutions in Bangladesh, including different types of banks, insurance companies, and non-bank financial institutions. The document also examines women's participation and roles in these financial services historically and currently. It analyzes trends in the stock market, including the number of female investors and findings from a survey of female investors. Overall, the document examines progress and challenges for women in Bangladesh's financial system over the past 50 years.

1. 50 years of independence of Bangladesh
Women Empowerment & Accelerate
Bangladesh’s Progress in Financial
Sector
Tania Akther
Lecturer
Department of Business Administration
Institute of Science and Technology

2. Contents to be Discussed
 Empowerment of women
 The position of women in Bangladesh after liberation
 Financial Institutions of Bangladesh
 Different Types of Financial services
 Women contribution in Financial Services after liberation
 About Financial Market of Bangladesh
 Women empowerment in Financial Market after liberation
 The present scenario of DSE

3. Empowerment of women
 Empowerment of Women: Empowerment of women is
such a process which controlling women rights,
challenges gender disparity in parental and social
institutions.
 Women’s Empowerment educates and empowers
women ,who are homeless with the skills and
confidence necessary to secure a job, create a healthy
lifestyle and regain a home for themselves and their
children

4. The position of women in Bangladesh after
Liberation
 Bangladeshi women have made significant progress since the
country’s independence in 1971.
 In market economy women of Bangladesh are always facing new
challenges. Though women work in educational institution,
financial institution, medical, factories, police, even in the uneven
areas.
 The position of women in Bangladesh has been subject to many
important changes over the past few centuries.
 Better job prospects, increased opportunities of education and the
adoption of new laws to protect their rights.

5. Financial Institution
 A financial institution (FI) is a company engaged in the business of
dealing with financial and monetary transactions such as deposits,
loans, investment, and currency exchange.
 Act No.27 of 1993 : An Act made to provide for the granting of
licenses to financial institutions, their control and to make other
incidental provisions relating thereto.
 A financial institution is an intermediary between consumers and
the capital or the debt markets providing banking and investment
services.

6. Different Types of Financial Institution
.
Financial Institutions
Depository System Non depository System
Commercial Banks
Savings Institutions
Credit Unions
Insurance company
Mutual Fund
Finance Company
Leasing Company

7. Current Scenario of Bank in Bangladesh
Key Indicators Sub Total Total
Central Bank 1
Scheduled Banks: 60
State Owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) 6
Specialized Banks 3
Private Commercial Banks (Conventional) 34
Private Commercial Banks (Islami Shariah) 8
Foreign Commercial Banks 9
Non Scheduled Banks 5
Total 66
Source: Bangladesh Bank

8. Three New Banks in Bangladesh 2020
 Bangladesh Bank approved one more commercial bank, taking the
total number of banks in the country to 61.
 The name of the new Lender is Citizen Bank. It is the third private
bank to get BB approval over the last two years, populating the
already-crowded banking landscape. Community Bank Bangladesh
and Bengal Commercial Bank are the other two.
 The chairman of Citizen Bank ,Toufika Aftab is the wife of AKM
Aftab ul Islam, a director of Bangladesh Bank Board.

9. Current Scenario of Insurance company In BD
Key Indicators Sub Total Total
Life Insurance Companies : 18
State Owned Life Insurance Company 1
Foreign Life Insurance Company 1
Private Life Insurance Companies 16
General Insurance Companies: 44
State Owned General Insurance Company 1
Private General Insurance Companies 43
Total 62
Source: Bangladesh Bank

10. Different top ten services of Financial Institution
 Financial Managers.
 Financial and Investment Analyst.
 Banking, Credit and other Investment Managers.
 Bankers and Capital Structuring Managers.
 Insurance Managers.
 Personal Financial Advisors.
 Real estate Managers.
 Financial Brokerage Managers.
 Securities Agents, Investment Dealers and Brokers.
 Accountants and Auditors.

11. Female in Labor Force Participation in Bangladesh
For that indicator, we provide data for
Bangladesh from 1990 to 2020. The
average value for Bangladesh during that
period was 29 percent with a minimum of
24.73 percent in 1990 and a maximum of
36.42 percent in 2020. The latest value
from 2020 is 36.42 percent. For
comparison, the world average in 2020
based on 182 countries is 51.86 percent.
See the global rankings for that indicator
or use the country comparator to compare
trends over time.
Source: World Bank

12. Women in the labor force in Financial Services in
Bangladesh
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
State Owned Bank Specialized Bank Private
Commercial bank
Foreign
Commercial Bank
2020 18.02% 15.54% 18.89% 33.16%
2019 17.38% 14.51% 18.91% 35.77%
2018 16% 13% 18% 31%
Female Participation in Banking Institution
Source: Bangladesh Bank

13. Women in the labor force in Financial Services in
Bangladesh
18%
16%
66%
Women Perticipation
Bank
Non Bank FI
Others
Financial Institution Women
Participation
Banking Institution 17.88%
Non Banking FI 16%
Others 66.12%
Source: Bangladesh Bank

14. Occupational distribution (%) of employed men and
women in 2016/17
Occupation Male Female
Managers 2.11 0.57
Professionals 4.50 5.55
Technicians and associate professionals 2.30 0.92
Clerical support workers 1.80 0.82
Service and sales workers 21.55 4.92
Skilled agriculture, forestry and fisheries 23.79 51.73
Craft and related trades 16.88 17.45
Plants and machine operators and assemblers 8.89 2.22
Elementary occupations 17.88 15.82
Other occupations 0.30 0.00
Total 100.00 100.00
Source: BBS

15. Gender segregation of workers in major occupations in
2016/17
Source: LFS, various years

16. Trends in labor force & employment of Male &
Female
Source: LFS, various years

17. Types of employment (% distribution of employment
categories of labor force)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2005/06 2010 2016/2017
Wages Employment
Self Employment
Unpaid Family Worker
2005/06 2010 2016/2017
Types Male Female Male Female Male Female
Wages Employment 40 23.9 46.1 18.5 42.6 31.2
Self Employment 50.4 16 47.7 25.3 52.5 39.2
Unpaid Family Worker 9.7 60.1 7.1 56.3 4.2 29.1

18. Financial Market
 Financial Market is a Mechanism by which borrowers
and lenders get together.
 A Financial Market is a market in which financial
assets (securities) such as stocks and bond can be
purchased or sold through the interaction of the
buyers and the sellers.
 Financial Markets facilitate the flow of funds from
surplus units to deficit units.

19. Types of Financial Market
.
Financial Market
Money Market Capital Market
Primary Market Secondary Market

20. Bangladesh Security Exchange Commission
 The Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) was
established on 8th June, 1993 as the regulator of the country’s capital
market under the provision of Bangladesh Securities and Exchange
Commission Act 1993.
 The purpose of the Commission is to protect the interest of investors in
securities, develop the securities market and make rules for matters
connected therewith or ancillary thereto.
 The Commission consists of the Chairman and four Commissioners
who are appointed for full time by the Government.
 The Chairman acts as the Chief Executive of the Commission.
 The Commission is a statutory body and attached to the Ministry of
Finance. BSEC is an ‘A’ category member of International
Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) since 22 December
2013.

21. Market capitalization to GDP

22. Daily average Turnover at DSE

23. Month end DSE Broad index Points

24. Year Wise Total Foreign Buy & Sell

25. Bangladesh Significantly Outperformed
Global Markets in 3Q20
Source: Asia Development Bank (ADB)

26. Bond Market Development in selected
Asian Countries

27. Foreign Direct Investment

28. Top Five Foreign Investors of 2018

29. Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh Vs Peers

30. BO Account Scenario in Bangladesh in
respective year
Particular 2020 2019 2018 2017
Male 1,877,969 1,879,187 2,027,005 1,988,967
Female 660,364 685,964 739,212 721,602
Total 2,538,333 2,565,151 2,766,217 2,710,569
Individual 1,629,395 1,632,573 1,746,386 1,722,873
Joint 908,938 932,578 1,019,831 987,696
Resident 2,382,086 2,419,628 2,602,552 2,555,137
Non resident 155,859 145,523 163,665 155,432
Regular 12,394 11,709 12,580 11,762
Source: Central Depository Bangladesh Limited (CDBL)

31. Female investors in Capital market
Year Male Female Total
2020 1,877,969 660,364 2,538,333
2019 1,879,187 685,964 2,565,151
2018 2,027,005 739,212 2,766,217
2017 1,988,967 721,602 2,710,569
Source: CDBL

32. Female investors in Capital market
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2020 2019 2018 2017
Male
Female
Total
Source: CDBL

33. Age, Profession, Educational status of Female
Investors in Capital Market
Age 20-29 30-39 40-49 Above Total
Frequency 65 (36.93%) 72(40.91%) 31(17.61%) 08(4.55%) 176(100%)
Profession Housewife service Business Other Total
Frequency 86(48.86%) 52(29.55%) 32(18.18%) 06(3.41%) 176(100%)
Education Undergraduat
e
Graduate Post Graduate Others Total
Frequency 42(23.86%) 90(51.14%) 38(21.60%) 06(3.41%) 176(100%)
Period Less than 1
Year
1-2 Year 2-5 Year More than 5
Year
Total
Frequency 55(31.25%) 79(44.89%) 37(21.02%) 5(2.84%) 176(100%)
Source: Survey on Female Investors in Dhaka City during July-Dec, 2019.

34. Analysis of Behavior of Female Investors in Stock
Market
Female investors’ amount of investment belongs to
Investment Below 1 lakh 1-5 lakh 5-6 lakh 6-10 lakh Above 10 lakh Total
Frequency 62(35.23%) 79(44.89%) 26(14.77%) 7(3.97%) 2(1.14%) 176(100%)
Sources of Capital or Money that is Invested in Share Market
Sources Own Money Husband/ Father Bank Loan Borrowed from
Brokerage Firm
Total
Frequency 62(35.23%) 107(60.80%) 4(2.27%) 3(1.70%) 176(100%)
Female Investors prefer to invest in Capital Market
preference Primary share (IPO) Secondary Share Total
Frequency 104(59.09%) 72(40.91%) 176(100%)
Annual earnings or income of the female investors from Capital Market
Earnings Below 1
lakh
1-5 lakh 5-10 lakh More than 10 lakh Total
Frequency 112(63.64%) 58(32.95%) 5(2.81%) 1(0.60%) 176(100%)

35. Analysis of Behavior of Female Investors in Stock
Market
Female Investors incurred losses at the initial stage in Capital market
Reasons Frequency %
Whimsical Investment decision 13 7.39%
Lack of training for new investors 30 17.05%
Lack of information of invested company 43 24.43%
Due to following other’s suggestion 5 2.84%
Poor control of SEC 7 3.98%
No Comment 64 36.36%
Total 176 100%

36. Analysis of Behavior of Female Investors in Stock
Market
Female investors incurred losses at the beginning of investment in capital
market
Opinion Yes No Total
Frequency 72(40.91%) 104(59.09%) 176(100%)
Female investors incurred losses at the initial stage
Problems Lengthy
transacti
on
process
Lack of
flexibility in
trading hour
Lack of
brokerage
house &
ladies booth
Others Total
Frequency 18
(33.96%)
8 (15.1%) 25 (47.17%) 2 (3.77%) 53
(100%)

37. Analysis of Behavior of Female Investors in
Stock Market
Expectation of female investors from Capital market in future
Opinion Frequency %
Increase publicity / Awareness program 5 2.84%
Organize more Training and Seminar 30 17.05%
More ladies booth for conservative Female investor 70 39.77%
Decrease rate of commission 6 3.41%
Open more brokerage houses 17 9.66%
All 48 27.27%
Total 176 100%

38. Welcome to the Bitcoin Era

39. About Bitcoin Cryptocurrency
 Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that uses cryptography
for security, which makes it difficult to counterfeit.
 Bitcoin is created and held electronically to enable
payments to be sent between users without passing through
a central authority such as a bank.
 The most well-known cryptocurrency that you may have
heard of is Bitcoin.
 Despite is fluctuating value, it still remains the most
popular form of digital currency today.

40. About Bitcoin Cryptocurrency
1 Bitcoin = TK 2,664,135.42
 Bangladesh is one of the few countries in the world that
consider bitcoin and all other types of cryptocurrency as
"hostile". Bangladesh Bank considers bitcoin and other
cryptocurrencies as illegal under the Foreign Exchange
Regulation Act, 1947, and the Money Laundering
Prevention Act, 2012.
 As we near the 50th anniversary of Bangladesh'
independence and continue our transition into the digital
era, the country should reconsider how digital currencies
can be more beneficial.

41. 7 difficulties women face at work
Unsupportive
Managers
Gender Pay Gap
Fear
Sexual
Harassment
Appearance
The lack of
women in
positions of
power
Pregnancy
Discrimination

42. Findings
 Most of the female investors are new comer in the capital market and hence they are
lack of good ideas about opportunities and challenges in the capital market and also do
not know the role of regulatory bodies. It is also found that sufficient awareness
program, training program, seminar are not arranged for the investors in capital market.
 It is also found that female investors have very few times for data collection and data
analysis for making investment decision as they have some extra burden of taking care
of the family members. They also alleged that sufficient data of the companies are not
available for which they incurred losses.
 Female investors are highly dependent on their husband or father for having fund for
investment in the capital market as they have no or little fund. It is also found that most
of them do not take loan for investment as they feel more risk in investing borrowed
money in the capital market. Therefore, they always face crisis of capital.
 A significant percentage of the female investors incurred loss at the initial stage of
investment due to whimsical investment decision and investing as per others’
suggestions. It is also found that most of the female investors are risk-averse and a
significant portion of them afraid of investing in the secondary shares.

43. Recommendation
 Policies and strategies being pursued
 Women’s participation in self-employment is positively influenced by education and
asset. It is negatively influenced by having a small child and the number of male
earners.
 To retain the new female investors in the capital market and to make them aware of
opportunities and challenges and to make them efficient in making investment
decision, the regulatory bodies should arrange more training programs, awareness
programs and seminars for the investors especially for the females.
 Government, regulatory bodies, financial institutions and brokerage houses may take
initiative to provide sufficient fund to the female investors at a lower rate of interest to
meet the capital crisis of the female investors in the capital market.
 Female investors should take investment decision based on fundamental information of
the companies, own analysis, and expert opinion. They always should avoid emotion
and other investors’ suggestion in this regard.
 Brokerage houses may open more female booths/branches at different locations so that
the female investors can invest their small savings in the capital market easily and the
regulatory bodies and stock exchange may think to reduce the settlement time.

44. Thank You