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July 2006
Tutorial:
AVI in Detail
Geog 537
July 2006
Information in AVI 2.1
• Tree species
• Stand heights
• Crown closure
• Moisture Regime
• Origin
• Stand modifiers
• Naturally non-forested types
• Anthropogenic land-types
• Timber Productivity
mC19Fa7Se3
86-F
July 2006
Tree Species
DECIDUOUS
• Aspen
• Poplar
• Birch
CONIFEROUS
• Lodgepole Pine
• Douglas Fir
• White Spruce
• Subalpine Fir
• Engelmann Spruce
• Black Spruce
• Larch Tamarack
• Balsam Fir
July 2006
Conifer Forest
July 2006
Mixedwood Forest
July 2006
Deciduous Forest
July 2006
Larch trees turn colour in the fall!
July 2006
Stand Structure – Single Story
July 2006
Stand Structure – Multi-Story
FirstSecond
July 2006
Minimum Height Separation
Between Adjacent Stands
Minimum 3 m
Difference in Height
July 2006
Stand Height
15meters
July 2006
Crown Closure – Crown Projections
July 2006
Crown Closure – Open Density
Would vertical rain directly hit the ground?
July 2006
Crown Closure – Closed Density
Do tree crowns mostly interlock?
July 2006
Crown Closure
Open
Closed
July 2006
Moisture Regime
How wet is the ground?
d – Dry
m – Mesic
w – Wet
a - Aquatic
July 2006
w
m
d
m
m
m
m
d
July 2006
Mesic
Mesic
Wet
Aquatic
Dry
July 2006
Dry Moisture Regime
July 2006
Moisture Driven Extent of Forest
Cypress Hills
July 2006
Stand Modifiers
•CC – Clearcut/partial cut
•BU – Burn/partial burn
•CL – Clearing
•IK – Insect kill
•SN – Snags
•ST – Scattered Timber
•TH - Thinning
July 2006
Stand Modifier Information
• Type – What type of action has impacted
the stand?
• Extent – How much of the stand was
impacted by the modifying action?
• Year – What year did this modifying action
occur?
July 2006
Stand Modifier = CC 5
July 2006
CIP
CC 5
CC 5
July 2006
CC 5
CC 5
CC 5
July 2006
CL
CL
Stand Modifier: CL
July 2006
TH 3
TH 2
Stand Modifier: Thinning
July 2006
Insect Kill
IK 5
IK 5
IK 1
July 2006
Non-Vegetated Land:
Natural (= “N”)
ie. Lake, barren rock, sandbar
Anthropogenic (= “A”)
ie. Road, gravel pit, dam site
July 2006
Naturally Non-Vegetated
• Water (= “W”):
– Permanent Ice/Snow
– Seasonally Thaws: Lake, River, Flooded
• Mineral (= “M”)
– Recent burn
– Cutbank
– Barren Rock
– Sand
July 2006
NMR
July 2006
NMR
NMR
July 2006
NMB
July 2006
NWI
NMR
HG
July 2006
NWL
NWR
AIH
NWL
NWF
AIH
July 2006
NWL
NWR
NMS
NMR
July 2006
Anthropogenic Non-Vegetated
• Settlement Areas
– Cities, Towns, Villages, Hamlets
– Ribbon Development
• Industrial Development
– Industrial, Surface Mines, Gravel Pits, Peat Extractions
– Agriculture: Farmsteads
– Permanent Rights-of-Way, Roads, Railway, Trails,
Dam Sites
July 2006
Remember:
• The feature must be at least 20m wide. This
removes some linear features from
stratification since they are too small to
capture.
• The feature should be not smaller than 2
hectares. 1 Hectare for important features
such as wellsites.
July 2006
AIH
July 2006
AIH
July 2006
AIM
AII
July 2006
AII
July 2006
AIM
July 2006
Anthropogenic Vegetated (= “C”)
• Influenced by man
• Usually in areas that have been planted with
cultivated species (ie. cropland)
• Areas cleared (ie. for pasture) and generally
not seeded back to native species
• Potentially non-native species
July 2006
CIW
July 2006
Perennial Forage Crops
CP
July 2006
CIP
July 2006
CIP
Pipeline Cutline
July 2006
Natural Vegetation
Non-Forested Forested
July 2006
SC
HG
SC HG
Forested – closed canopy
HG
NMR
open
July 2006
d HG
w HG
w HG
Mesic forest
July 2006
HG HG
SC
July 2006
Know Your Data
• What is the minimum size or width a
feature must be in order for it to be
captured?
• What is the date of the photography?
• What are the known issues?
• How many field plots were put in?
• What inventory version was followed?
• Was the dataset ever audited?
July 2006
No accounting for seismic
July 2006
Accounting for seismic
July 2006
Don’t lose the forest for the trees…
• Know what ecosystem(s) or natural
subregions you are working in and what
their characteristics are.
• Know your plant/tree species associations.
• Know your tree species’ site preferences.
• Know your tree species’ ranges of
occurrence.
July 2006
Alpine Subregion
July 2006
Subalpine
July 2006
Montane
July 2006
Upper Foothills
July 2006
Unmodified Landscape
July 2006
Modified Landscape
July 2006
Modified Landscape
July 2006
Heavily Modified Landscape
July 2006
Non-Timber Values
July 2006
Size isn’t everything!
July 2006
QUESTIONS?

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geog537_AVIInDetail