This document provides information on accounting procedures for managing cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other financial records as a senior executive. It discusses cash books, bank reconciliation, chart of accounts, taxation, internal and external audits, vendor account management, interviewing skills, cash flow statements, and income statements.

2. “How to Design of Daily Operation,
Plan & Working Mechanism Assign as a
Sr. Executive, Finance Accounts – A
Study on HNS Group”

3. Talukder Abdulla-Al-Mamun

4. Cash book - a daily record of all cash, credit or
cheque transactions received or paid out by a
business.
 Cash Book serves dual role of a ledger as well as
journal.
 Cash book is also a book of original entry.
 Cash Account is an Asset account or Real
Account
 Cash Book always shows a debit balance

5. 1. Single Column Cash Book
2. Double Column Cash Book
3. Triple Column Cash Book
4. Petty Cash Book
1. Simple Petty Cash Book
2. Analytical Petty Cash Book

8. Bank reconciliation - a cross-check that ensures the
amounts recorded in the cashbook match the relevant
bank statements.
Bank reconciliation performed by following ways:
Step 1. Adjusting the Balance per Bank

9. Step 2. Adjusting the Balance per Books
Step 3. Comparing the Adjusted Balances - After
adjusting the balance per bank (Step 1) and after adjusting
the balance per books (Step 2), the two adjusted amounts should
be equal.
Step 4. Preparing Journal Entries – Journal entries must
be prepared for the adjustments to the balance per books (Step
2). Adjustments to increase or decrease the cash balance.

11. Accounts payable - a record of all short-term
invoices, bills and other liabilities yet to be paid.
 Accounts payable will decrease a company's cash.
 Examples: Purchasing goods on credit
Accounts receivable - a record of all short-term
expected payments, from customers that have
already received the goods/services but are yet to
pay.
 Accounts receivable will increase a company's cash.
 Examples: Selling goods on credit.

12.  Chart of Accounts
 General Ledger
 Checkbook
 Accounting Procedures Manual

13.  Invoice should be match with Purchase Order (PO).
 Invoice should has all the supporting documents such as
PO copy, Delivery Challan (duly signed), Invoice Date,
Quantity, Price, Tolerance, Insurance, Goods Receipt
Note, Vendors name & address.
 Check with the primary approval from respective
purchase department/stores/accounts department to
be sure the work was completed satisfactorily.
 Once we satisfy with the documents the bill to be
accounted and post it for payments as. Per the terms of
payment.

14. Yes , But discrepancies in invoices could be
many such as:
1. Quantity or Unit price mismatch with PO.
2. Incorrect amount, incorrect date, duplicate
bills, duplicate challan, not authorized
signature, not approved, not billed to company
and so on.
3. No proper supporting documents.

15.  First inform to the concern billing
department in writing about the discrepancy
and this should be done without delay !!
 To correct an error than an actual purchase
order listing the correct items, quantities
and prices. Send the vendor a copy of your
PO and a copy of the invoice, noting the
discrepancies and requesting correction.
 Do not pay the invoice until vendor takes
corrective actions.

16. Taxation: One of the major sources of public
revenue to meet a country’s revenue and
development expenditures with a view to
accomplishing some economic and social
objectives, such as redistribution of income, price
stabilization and discouraging harmful consumption
Value-Added Tax - VAT: A value-added tax (VAT) is
a type of consumption tax that is placed on a
product whenever value is added at a stage of
production and at final sale.

17. For individuals:
On first upto Tk. 2,50,000/- Nil
On next upto Tk. 4,00,000/- 10%
On next upto Tk. 5,00,000/- 15%
On next upto Tk. 6,00,000/- 20%
On next upto Tk. 30,00,000/- 25%
On balance amount 30%
For female taxpayers, senior taxpayers of age 65 years
and above,
On first upto Tk. 3,00,000/- Nil
On next upto Tk. 4,00,000/- 10%
On next upto Tk. 5,00,000/- 15%
On next upto Tk. 6,00,000/- 20%
On next upto Tk. 30,00,000/- 25%
On balance amount 30%

18.  For retarded taxpayers, tax free income
threshold limit is TK.3,75,000/-.
 For gazetted war-wounded freedom fighters, tax
free income threshold limit is Tk. 4,25,000/- .
 Minimum tax for any individual assessee living in
Dhaka and Chittagong City Corporation area is
Tk. 5,000/-.
 Minimum tax for any individual assessee living in
other City Corporations area is Tk. 4,000/-.
 Minimum tax for any individual assessee living in
any other areas is Tk. 3,000/-.
 Non-resident Individual 30% (other than non-
resident Bangladeshi)

19. Internal audit is a function that, although
operating independently from other departments
and reports directly to the audit committee,
resides within an organization (i.e. they are
company employees). It is responsible for
performing audits (both financial and non-
financial) within a wide range of areas within a
business, as directed by the annual audit plan.
Internal audit look at key risks facing the business
and what is being done to manage those risks
effectively, to help the organization achieve its
objectives.

20. Merits of Internal Audit:
 Lead to discovery of errors.
 Helping protect assets and reduce the possibility of fraud.
 Improving efficiency in operations.
 Increasing financial reliability and integrity.
 Ensuring compliance with laws and statutory regulations.
 Constant procedure where records are checked regularly.
Demerits of Internal Audit:
 Cannot eliminate or catch all the frauds.
 Reports are not accepted by shareholders and therefore it
is for only management use.
 Fail to disclose the correct information of what's
happening.
 Fail to independent decision for corrective action.

21. External audit is an independent body which
resides outside of the organization which it is
auditing. They are focused on the financial
accounts or risks associated with finance and are
appointed by the company shareholders. The main
responsibility of external audit is to perform the
annual statutory audit of the financial accounts,
providing an opinion on whether they are a true
and fair reflection of the company’s financial
position.

22. Merits of External Audit
 Identifies Weaknesses in Internal Control
 Lends Credibility to Financial Statements
 Audit efficiency and effectiveness
 Unbiased, Expert Recommendations
Demerits of External Audit
 Increased costs
 Increased risk of audit failures
 Reluctance to invest
 putting them at a weakness when navigate the
surroundings

23. An account team from the vendor company is often
assigned to the purchasing company. The account
team is responsible for knowing the vendor’s
products and the customer’s needs then matching
the customer’s needs to the vendor’s products.
Way of achieving the product knowledge:
 Consistent Training
 Allow Hands-On Experience
 Put Learning into Practice with Role Play
 Provide Incentives and Reward Progress
 Take Training Out of the Office

24.  That's a great question. It's really the reason
we're here today. Because I'm honest and
hard-working & I've got a great track record
in this field“.
 You're going to be looking at each interview, I
imagine, as a way to determine which
candidate 'gets' your situation the best.
You're going to be looking for fit, an
intangible thing. I'm doing the same thing, of
course. I'm looking at the same fit from my
perspective.

25. A Cash Flow Statement, also known as statement
of cash flows, is a financial statement that shows
how changes in balance sheet accounts and
income affect cash and cash equivalents, and
Breaks the analysis down to –
 Operating Activities,
 Investing Activities and
 Financing Activities.

26. An income statement (also referred to as a profit
and loss statement (P&L), statement of financial
performance) is one of the financial statements of
a company and shows the company’s revenues and
expenses during a particular period.
Balance sheet - a snapshot of a business as of a
particular date. It lists all of a business' assets and
liabilities and works out the net assets.