This document discusses healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections. A WHO study found that around 8.75% of hospitalized patients acquired infections, with 1.4 million people worldwide suffering from HAIs annually. In India, the nosocomial infection rate is estimated to be between 25-30%. Common microorganisms that cause HAIs include bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella species, viruses such as HIV and influenza, fungi such as Candida albicans, and parasites including Toxoplasma gondii.

1. HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED
INFFECTIONS-OVERVIEW
DR.D.THERESE MARY.,DCH
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MICR
GOVT.DHARMAPURI MEDICAL C
DHARMAPURI

2. Do not harm your patients

3. What is hospital -acquired infection?
Clinical infection contracted after admission to a hospital for
treatment of a different illness; these infections are neither overtly
present nor within the incubation period at the time of admission.
It occurs either 48hrs after hospitalization or within 30 days after
discharge.

4. Who study on hais
In a Wold Health Organization (WHO) cooperative
study(55 Hospitals in 14 countries)about 8.75% of
hospitalized patients had nosocomial infection.
Overall 1..4 million people worldwide are suffering from
HAIS
In India alone , the nosocomial infection rate is at
over 25%-30%

5. Hai-scenario

13. Common Microorganism causing HAIs
BACTERIA VIRUS FUNGUS PARASITE
Staphylococcus
aureus
Staphylococcus
epidermidis
Group D
Streptococci
Klebsiella species
Escherichia coli
Enterobacter
species
Proteus species
Serratia species
Pseudomonas
Species
Clostridium tetani
Human immuno
deficiency virus
(HIV)
Hepatitis B & C
Viral diarrhea
Chicken pox
Cytomegalovirus
Influenza virus
Herpes virus
Entero virus
Arena virus
Candida albicans
Aspergillus species
Mucor mycosis
Preumocystis jeroveci
Entomoeba
histolytica
Toxoplasma gondii

14. Common pathogens in icu

16. YOU can