2. INTRODUCTION
Tropical rainforests are rainforests that occur in areas
of tropical rainforest climate in which there is no dry
season – all months have an average precipitation of at
least 60 mm – and may also be referred to as lowland
equatorial evergreen rainforest.
3. WHAT ARE THE 5 MAIN
TROPICAL RAIN FORESTS?
This article focuses specifically on the world's
tropical rainforests. The following charts show the
extent of primary forest cover and tree cover in the
tropics for the world's five largest blocks of
rainforest: Amazon, Congo, Australasia, Sunderland,
Rest of the tropics and Indo-Burma.
4. SOURCES OF RAIN FOREST
Tropical rainforests are incredibly biodiversity and can be found in
several regions around the world, primarily near the equator. Here are
some of the major sources of tropical rainforests:
Amazon Rainforest (South America): The Amazon Rainforest is
the largest tropical rainforest in the world, spanning across several
countries in South America, including Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and
others. It is known for its incredible biodiversity and plays a vital role in
global climate regulation.
Congo Rainforest (Africa): Also known as the Congo Basin, this
rainforest is located in Central Africa, covering parts of countries like
the Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Cameroon, and
others. It is the second-largest tropical rainforest in the world.
5. Southeast Asian Rainforests: These rainforests are
found in countries like Indonesia (including Sumatra,
Borneo, and Papua), Malaysia, the Philippines, and
Thailand. They are known for their unique flora and fauna,
including iconic species like orangutans and tigers.
New Guinea Rainforest: This rainforest covers the
western half of the island of New Guinea and is known for
its incredible biodiversity, with many species found
nowhere else on Earth.
Central American Rainforests: These rainforests are
located in Central America, spanning across countries like
Costa Rica, Panama, Belize, and others. They connect the
North American and South American ecosystems and are
rich in biodiversity.
SOURCES OF RAIN FOREST
6. Madagascar Rainforest: The island of Madagascar,
located off the southeast coast of Africa, is home to unique
rainforests with a high level of endemism, meaning many
species are found only in this region.
West African Rainforests: These rainforests are
situated along the Atlantic coast of West Africa, covering
countries like Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Coast, and others.
Northern Australian Rainforests: These rainforests
are found in the northern part of Australia, primarily in the
states of Queensland and the Northern Territory. They are
characterized by a mix of tropical and subtropical species.
SOURCES OF RAIN FOREST
7. CAUSES OF TROPICAL RAIN FOREST
There are many causes of tropical rain forest but some are given below:
Biodiversity: The diverse array of plant and
animal species in rainforests contribute to the
overall health and stability of the ecosystem.
This biodiversity often forms intricate
relationships, such as mutualism and
symbiosis, that aid in nutrient cycling and
resilience.
Temperature: The equatorial climate
maintains warm temperatures year-round, with
minimal temperature variations. This warmth
fosters rapid decomposition of organic matter,
enriching the soil with nutrients.
Climate: The most crucial factor is the
equatorial climate with high
temperatures and high annual rainfall.
These regions receive consistent
sunlight throughout the year, leading to
warm temperatures that facilitate the
continuous growth of vegetation.
Rainfall: Rainforests receive a high
amount of annual rainfall, often
exceeding 80 inches (2000 mm) per year.
This consistent precipitation supports
the lush vegetation and biodiversity
characteristic of these ecosystems.
8. TROPICAL PRIMARY
FOREST LOSS, 2002-2019
50.4%
21.6%
6.2%
9.7%
10.2%
Loss of 2001 extent
Rest of the tropics 10.8%
Indo-Burma 8.2%
Sunderland 17.0%
Australasia 2.0%
Congo 3.5%
Amazon 5.5%
0 10 20 30 40