1. “SUNRISE” – Smart City Demonstration Model -
- “Smart Urban Networks for Resilient Infrastructure & Sustainable Ecosystems” -
Cité Modèle des Réseaux Intelligents
- le Partenariat pour l’Innovation Urbaine -
University of Lille, LGCE & W-SMART Research Center
Assainissement -
Enjeux, Stratégies,
Perspectives
Erich J. Shaw – P.E.
September 29, 2011

2. Click icon to add Challenges
picture

3. Challenge 1 – Higher Treatment
Reliability at the WWTP
 As clean water sources get scarcer, water
reuse from wastewater is recognized as a
sustainable method for additional water
supply.
 Reuse water quality requirements have
increased which has in turn challenges
reliability issues for wastewater treatment
plants

4. Regional Annual Rainfall
RAINFALL
less than 100
100 to 200
200 to 400
400 to 600
6 00 to 1,000
more than 1,000
Israel copes for decades
with the water shortage
problem.

5. Climate Change Effects
Decrease in the quantity of rainfall Increase in time between rain
events
A significant decrease of the From an average time of 7 day to 10 days
average amount of rainfall of about 6
mm/year
5

6. Reused effluent
5 Year Target = 90%
80%
75%
70%
60% Agriculture client for
the effluent that
50% requires a high
40% reliable quality
30%
20%
12% 9% 8%
10% 5%
<1%
0%
Israel Spain Australia Italy Greece C Europe
6

7. Stricter Effluent Requirements
1990’s 2010’s
Restricted Irrigation Unrestricted
Irrigation
Secondary Tertiary
Effluent Effluent
BOD, TSS BOD, TSS, TN,
NH3, P
pH, Turbidity,
EC,
Cl, Na, B
Heavy metals
E coli

8. Deviations in Effluent quality
Main factors that can
cause effluent
degradation:
 Plant operations
 Loads (organic/flows)
greater than the
design capacity
 Contamination from
factories

9. Problems - CASE STUDY 1
700
650
600
550
527mg/l
500
40%change
450
400
m
C
350
e
d
o
h
g
s
r
[
]
i
l
/
300
250
200
09/ 03/ 2007 25/ 09/ 2007 12/ 04/ 2008 29/ 10/ 2008 17/ 05/ 2009 03/ 12/ 2009 21/ 06/ 2010
Date
high salinity = burnt crops
long time for response

10. Challenge 2 – Responsibilities
NO
? Responsibility
Factory
WWTP
?
Responsible Responsible
 The WWTP operator is responsible at the outlet
 The main source of contamination (e.g. the factory) is
responsible only at the outlet of factory
 No one is responsible at the inlet of the WWTP.

11. Problems - Case STUDY 2
40,000 100
90
35,000
Load 80
30,000
70
25,000
60
20,000 50
40
15,000
30
BOD
O
10,000
D
B
g
d
o
L
y
k
a
]
[
/
m
20
O
D
B
g
u
n
e
]
[
t
f
/
l
i
5,000
10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
date
Month
High organic loads= non-conforming effluent
Non-conforming effluent = no water for crops

12. Challenge 3 – Old Sewers, higher
flows, stoppage and overflows
 Asthe underground
infrastructure ages and
population grows, an
increase in the number of
stoppages in the sewer
pipes can be anticipated.
 Manyof these stoppages
and overflows can be
prevented if proper
preventive maintenance
was conducted yet

13. Click icon to add SOLUTIONS
picture

14. Online Monitoring
Online
Control
Sampler TN UV TDS EC pH
water
Resperator
EC pH
quality
monitoring
is now
being
regulated
not only at

15. System Wide Sewer Monitoring

16. System wide Sewer Monitoring
INTERNET
CELLULAR
DISPLAY DAILY STATISTICAL
TRENDS ALARMS GRAPHICS ROUTING BATCH ANALYSIS STORAGE
ANNUAL
REPORTS
Central Server Farm
WAN or
INTERNET
CELLULAR
Sites

17. Monitoring Integration
 Integrating all the data
sources: .ʺ .ʠ
ʶ
ʸ ʥ
ʠ
ʧʹ
Allows for rapid detection
ʠʡʩ ʷʲ
 ʮ
ʯʡʠ
of contamination and its
Ø400
, ʸʱ ʩ
ʷ
Ø550
ʺʴ ʸ
source
Ø300
.ʺ .ʠ
Ø350
ʤʸ ʱ ʩ
ʩ ʷ
Ø650
ʹ ʨʮ
Ø600 ʠʸ ʷʮ
ʺ .ʠ
 Allows for determining ʤʣ
ʸ ʧ
ʸ ʥ
ʦ
ʤʩ ʲ ʺ
ʩ
ʣʥ ʥ
ʹ
ʣʡʭʸ ʺ
ʠ
how much extra fees the
factory needs to pay for
discharging higher organic
loads

18. SUMMARY
 Challenges in sanitation :
 Higher reliability at the WWTP
 Unclear responsibilities and enforcement
 Aging infrastructure
 Monitoring and advanced data analysis is a
crucial tool in overcoming these problems.

19. Thank you