How a silent stroke leads to Parkinson's Disease.Researchers identified why a patient who appears healthy may develop Parkinson’s disease. Learn more in detail.

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Association of
Stroke with
Parkinson’s
diseases

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous
system and frequently brought about by means of the
spontaneous degeneration of areas of the brain which particularly
manage the initiation, rhythm, and smoothness of our actions, the
tone of our muscle tissues, and the mechanisms that permit our b
odies to maintain a usual posture always.
As these areas degenerate, these mechanisms ruin down, and the
traditional signs of Parkinson's disease begin to emerge.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
These symptoms incorporate a tremor, which is very noticeable
within the hands and which occurs when the arms are free.
Trouble starts with the developments of firm muscle tone
which makes strolling and moving, a problem to a great extent
along with irregular physique posture.
In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, your face may show
little or no expression, or your arms may not swing when you
walk. Your speech may become soft or slurred. Parkinson's
disease symptoms worsen as your condition progresses over
time.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
At times a healthy person develops this disease due to a silent
stroke which is very minor with no visible symptoms and even
sufferer itself did not get to know about the stroke. A small
stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked
for a very small period of time.
Before proceeding further let’s learn about stroke in brief
following the effect of stroke on other areas of brain.
The next slide will describe about the stroke.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
A stroke is a serious, life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the
blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or severely reduced, depriving
brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die. This
can lead to brain injury, disability and possibly death.
There are two main causes of strokes:
Ischemic – where the blood supply is stopped due to a blood clot (this accounts
for 85% of all cases)
Hemorrhagic – where a weakened blood vessel supplying the brain bursts.
There is also a related condition known as a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA),
where the supply of blood to the brain is temporarily interrupted, causing a "mini-
stroke" which lasts for 30 minutes to several hours.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
A "small stroke", also known as a "silent stroke" can cause
Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at The University of Manchester, for the first time
identified why a patient who appears healthy may develop
Parkinson’s disease.
Scientists at the university’s Faculty of Life Sciences have
discovered that a small stroke, also known as a silent stroke, can
cause Parkinson’s disease which is also named as Vascular
Parkinsonism or Multi-infarct parkinsonism. Their findings have
been published in the journal “Brain Behavior and Immunity”.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
Unlike a severe stroke, a silent stroke does not show any symptoms
and happens when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked for a very
short time and even the patient was unaware about this. However, it
is now clear that the effect of a silent stroke can be the death of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain, which is an
important region for movement coordination.
As per Dr. Emmanuel Pinteaux when they started the research they
don’t have any idea regarding why dopaminergic neurons start to die
in the brain and therefore why people get Parkinson’s disease. There
have been suggestions that oxidative stress and aging are responsible.
But what they wanted to look is that whether the effect of silent
stroke results in Parkinson’s disease or not.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
They then induced a mild stroke similar to a silent stroke in the
striatum area of the brain in mice. They found there was
inflammation and brain damage in the striatum following the
stroke, which they had expected.
What the researchers didn’t expect was the impact on another
area of the brain, the substantia nigra. When they analyzed the
substantia nigra they recorded a rapid loss of Substance P (a key
chemical involved in its functions) along with inflammation.
The team then analyzed changes in the brain six days after the
mild stroke and found neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra.
Dopaminergic neurons had been killed.

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
Findings of the study:
After the study researchers found that inflammation following the
stroke is very dangerous to the brain. Apart from this, the area of the
brain also gets affected with stroke which is away from the stroke
location. Due to this it is very necessary to have anti-inflammatory
medicine, lack of which may lead to Parkinson’s disease.
Following to this, researchers now hopes to set up a clinical
investigation on people who have had a silent stroke to assess
dopaminergic neuron degeneration. There is a hope that with the
research, the treatment for Parkinson’s will be available to the
patients soon.

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StemGenn Therapeutics is one of the centre which provide treatment
using stem cells for Parkinson’s along with various other neurological
diseases.
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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases

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• Dr. Satish Totey: Stem Cell Scientist over 35 years Experiences.
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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases

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StemGenn Therapeutics Services
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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases

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Association of Stroke with Parkinson’s diseases
Reference:
http://stroke.about.com/od/unwantedeffectsofstroke/a/parki
nsons.htm
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/article/?id=9267