Aragonite Raman spectrum

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Raman spectrum of aragonite taken at ambient pressure (1 bar) and temperature (25˚C). From: Farsang, S., Facq, S. and Redfern, S.A.T., 2018. Raman modes of carbonate minerals as pressure and temperature gauges up to 6 GPa and 500 C. American Mineralogist: Journal of Earth and Planetary Materials, 103(12), pp.1988-1998 in Farsang, S., Widmer, R.N. and Redfern, S.A.T., 2020. High-pressure and high-temperature vibrational properties and anharmonicity of carbonate minerals up to 6 GPa and 500 ˚C by Raman spectroscopy. Under review at American Mineralogist.

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Pursuing an M.Tech degree at IISc Bangalore provides access to world-class educational opportunities, innovative research avenues, and passionate professionals. Completing a master’s from IISc opens many opportunities in research and industries. Whether pursuing higher studies, venturing into entrepreneurship, or exploring diverse career paths, IISc Bangalore graduates are equipped with the skills and knowledge to make a lasting impact in their chosen fields. By choosing IISc Bangalore, students embark on a journey of growth, discovery, and endless possibilities, creating a solid foundation for a successful and fulfilling career. Check out this blog to learn more about the scopes after MTech and ME from IISc.

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In this work, we assess the potential detectability of solar panels made of silicon on an Earth-like exoplanet as a potential technosignature. Silicon-based photovoltaic cells have high reflectance in the UV-VIS and in the near-IR, within the wavelength range of a space-based flagship mission concept like the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). Assuming that only solar energy is used to provide the 2022 human energy needs with a land cover of ∼ 2.4%, and projecting the future energy demand assuming various growth-rate scenarios, we assess the detectability with an 8 m HWO-like telescope. Assuming the most favorable viewing orientation, and focusing on the strong absorption edge in the ultraviolet-to-visible (0.34 − 0.52 µm), we find that several 100s of hours of observation time is needed to reach a SNR of 5 for an Earth-like planet around a Sun-like star at 10pc, even with a solar panel coverage of ∼ 23% land coverage of a future Earth. We discuss the necessity of concepts like Kardeshev Type I/II civilizations and Dyson spheres, which would aim to harness vast amounts of energy. Even with much larger populations than today, the total energy use of human civilization would be orders of magnitude below the threshold for causing direct thermal heating or reaching the scale of a Kardashev Type I civilization. Any extraterrrestrial civilization that likewise achieves sustainable population levels may also find a limit on its need to expand, which suggests that a galaxy-spanning civilization as imagined in the Fermi paradox may not exist.

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