The document discusses contextual targeting in online advertising and the related moral issues. It begins by explaining contextual targeting as tracking online surfing behavior to target ads. This raises moral concerns about exposing user needs and data collection without consent. Laws aim to protect user privacy and consent. The document then discusses perspectives on this issue. Marketers argue that prohibiting tracking removes their right to study behavior, while others believe user consent is important. It concludes that both marketers' goals and user privacy deserve consideration to ensure practices are ethical.

1. Q1. Go through the Management Discussion and Analysis Section of the Annual Report
(2020-21) of any ONE listed company (refer to: top 200 companies by turnover - NSE or
BSE List). Under Enterprise Risk Management, identify one economic risk and one risk
related to Covid 19 Pandemic. Explain and analyse in your own words, what according
to the company are the,
a) impacts of these risks on business and
b) what is the mitigation strategy identified & developed by the company to manage
these risks. (10 Marks)
Answer 1)
Introduction
The organization has its business dynamics to possess efficiency. It's based on the brink of
linear precision. Consideration of dynamism, has been offered to business due to COVID-19
.. It provided issues based on linearity. Among the businesses referred to in NSE are listed in
this conversation. HDFC bank is being taken into consideration during this case. During this
essence, enterprise risk management is being contrasted. The classification of risks supported
by the economy and the COVID-19 pandemic will be reviewed. Risks are most likely to be
gone over during this instance. Mitigations of policy are likewise being provided during this
contrast. Lending cash may be a bank's leading source of revenue in the form of interest;
however, doing so exposes the funds to the danger of default, which occurs when the
borrower cannot pay back the loan within the allocated timespan or goes bankrupt.
Concept and applications

2. In this consideration, the HDFC bank is described in this matter of information. Approval
because the respective mitigation and healing of the risks of HDFC bank indication are
included and required. During this situation, the classification of the challenges and problems
is contrasted. These are the rate of interest, liquidity, market, and credit risks. These are
associated with the significance of banking operations and booking services. HDFC bank has
risk management approaches that are flexible and have adopted steps. It belongs to the
practices of the business adaptation to the requirements of business dynamics. The
organization has got to utilize a multi-layered risk management process and techniques to
handle, manage, identify, and access the banking transmission. During this consideration, the
ESG lens is employed in the HDFC bank to recognize risks. The organization is approaching
the essence of sustainability in business dynamics.
Based on the information from the year record of 2020, the economic risks of HDFC bank are
often recognized. It's a total income of 44202.32 crores. It relates to the 0.55% from the last
quarter's gross income, which is 43960.45 Crore. It's linked with the price of 13.53% within
the same quarter year with the significance of efficiency. HDFC bank has monitoring issues
during this instance. It provides an increment of economic risks for the bank.
In this consideration, HDFC bank has provided information supporting the impacts of the
COVID-19 pandemic. It's a reduction of net profit by 17.7%. It's linked with the classification
of Q4 2020. The magnitude is valued to be 6928 crores. On the verge, the pandemic has
provided the HDFC bank with an increment of provisions supported by 1550 crore. There are
risks; during this situation, the 13800 items of the HDFC bank throughout India are changed
in mobile operations. HDFC bank has added 2 lakh consumers during this case. When the
lockdown is being provided during this issue, the HDFC bank features a distribution of third-
party products or services. It's based on the potential of the collections and lending
institutions.
The estimate formed, which is 450 crore INR has been brought forward thanks to
compensation and fees. These belong to the COVID-19 pandemic. During this consideration,
the standard costs of HDFC bank have been boosted by 14.6% and have several 4201 crores.
This is often related to the increment in the retail operations of HDFC banks. It is often
comprehended the risk based on COVID-19 is a significant type of concern. The banks have
to handle it with straight precision. The quality deviation is 5.84%, supporting the market
variance. During this situation, the acceptable and close collection are linked. The market is
being found to be unpredictable during this problem. It provides issues to the business

3. dynamics of HDFC bank. Risks of diversity mitigation are required during this comparison. It
ended up being helpful to acknowledge the numerous policies and practices utilized by the
bank to manage the various risks that develop in banking. The research study administered at
HDFC Bank under the subject "Risk Reduction practices in Banking- A Research Study of
HDFC Bank" was embarked on to achieve the previously mentioned objective. Both
additional and first data sustain the research. The research's objective was to seem at the
bank's various risk management techniques and how they aided in minimizing the impact of
those techniques on the bank's operations and earnings. The paper also reviews the bank's
non-performing possession degrees' current patterns and just how the firm has.
Conclusion
Among the business mentioned in NSE is listed in this conversation. HDFC bank is being
considered in this situation. During this essence, business risk management is being
contrasted. The classification of risks supported the covid-19 and the economic pandemic
will be discussed. Risks are visiting be gone over in this situation. Reductions of policy are
additionally being provided during this contrast. The organization has its business dynamics
to possess efficiency. It's based on the edge of straight accuracy. Consideration of dynamism,
has been offered to business due to COVID-19 .. It provided problems based on linearity.
Q2. From the Sustainability Report of any one listed company from across the globe,
select any ONE social initiative adopted and practiced by the company. Explain in your
own words the following;
(i) the purpose of the initiative – its ethical foundation
(ii) the modality/process of how the initiative is practiced and delivered
(iii) what are the outcomes/impacts expected and whether they are measured,
monitored and reported clearly (10 Marks)
Answer 2)
Introduction

4. Sustainability is the need of the modern service dynamics of the organization. It provides
straight benefits during this consideration. Ethics is said to be the value of sustainability. It
provides the importance of sustainability to conduction and guideline on the verge of
precision. Ethical foundations and campaigns are being given the reference. The business
that's provided in this perimeter is Walmart. Walmart may be a famous firm that has global
service dynamics. The trouble will be gone over in this consideration. The trouble based upon
social consideration is most likely to be provided and illustrated by Walmart. Results and
controlling procedures of the social effort of Walmart are presented. Walmart believes that by
serving our stakeholders-- providing value to consumers, fostering economic chance for
workers members, and vendors, improving local areas, and improving the social and
environmental sustainability of our company and merchandise supply chains--, we will
maximize long-term value for shareholders.
Concept and applications
Walmart is approaching the importance of regeneration. This is often related to
organizational sustainability. It links to the ethical consideration of preservation in this
situation. Walmart has had to make for greater than 15 years based upon the values of
sustainability leadership. The organization intended to return to the pathway to the
regenerative company's essence. The regenerative ethos of Walmart is said to be ethical and
sustainable. It provides the replenishing, restoring, and restoring, making use of the addition
to preservation. It gives the definition that creating the use of regenerative dynamics in
fisheries, forests, and agriculture provides equal rights and success to the purchasers. This
additionally gives the setting to possess conservation and defense.
Walmart is moving towards zeroing out discharges from the vehicles made use of in business
dynamics. The organization is changing to low-impact refrigerants for special apparatus and
cooling in business dynamics. It indicates that Walmart has the target to reduce global
warming by the reduction of CFCs. Walmart may be a regenerative firm and has the
significance of environmental effectiveness. Walmart is additionally moving towards the
essence of the utilization of renewable energies of power in business dynamics. Like wind
generation for the future, applications are efficient within the discussion. It provides an
increment of brand name stature for Walmart. It likewise gives the organization direct
stability on the verge of precision. Walmart has the vision to rework and modify the food and

5. products with the awareness of favorable inventions of the customers. It allows the
organization to use the ethos of regeneration, harmonic and natural. It provides the corporate
with the earth's atmosphere's sustainability, remediation, and security.
There are plenty of sort of social effort that is being utilized in Walmart. These are work
choices, customer circulation, and welfare recognition. Walmart's circulation and conduction
of 250 USD billion in products and services to assist with American jobs. In 2016, the
Walmart foundation was dedicated to having the help of 25 million USD for the
advancement of food security. This is often one of the giving up social investments of the
organization. In 2014, Walmart provided nutritional education and learning to 4 million
citizens worldwide. The power of the organization to have service potentials to have funding
and conduction of philanthropic significances is the considered social impact of the
organization. This is often based on the amalgamation of the philanthropic significance of the
organizational organization dynamics. This provides the formulation of choices for the
development of human beings. Walmart has the strategy and has provided aid of 100 million
USD within the program to have employees have specialist advancement in the retail
organizations. It provided the funding for the training of the 1 million farmers of the
organization. Walmart may be a company that is sustainable regenerative consideration. It's
the principles of linearity on the verge of accuracy. Walmart may be a company that has a
considered social value. Walmart looks to advertise equity, diversity, and incorporation both
inside our organization and in culture. Walmart is committed to constructing various groups
to every degree and growing a society where all workers are inspired to meet their potential
and accomplish the company's objective to offer consumers. As a part of its efforts to boost
justness for all, Walmart likewise uses its commercial and philanthropic resources to spot the
elements that result in social inequalities.
Conclusion
Ethical foundation and initiative are being given the referral. The corporate that is provided in
this perimeter is Walmart. Walmart may be a well-known firm that has global organization
dynamics. The trouble will be talked about in this consideration. The initiative-supported
social consideration is most likely to be provided and illustrated by Walmart. The results and
controlling processes of the social campaign of Walmart exist. Sustainability is the
requirement of the contemporary organizational dynamics of the company. It provides linear

6. benefits during this consideration. Ethics is connected to the principles of sustainability. It
offers the essence of sustainability to conduction and regulation on the verge of precision.
Q3a. Are you aware that you are being tracked and watched while you are surfing the
net. The advertisers observe your surfing behavior and accordingly target their ads at
you. You end up exposing your supposed needs unawares as someone is stealing data
about your online surfing patterns. This kind of tracking and placing ads in the surfer’s
path is known as contextual targeting. What is the inherent moral issue here? Why is it
an issue? What does law say about it. (5 Marks)
Answer 3a)
Introduction
Advertising is that the significance through which companies increase and circulate firm
information to consumers. The ways that clients interact with advertisements and their
practises are important.In this, taking data in ads is additionally an immediate issue.
Promotion and contextual targeting is being given information. Moral relation is being
considered in this situation.
Concept and applications
Marketers involved within the organizational organization dynamics have an understanding
of the purchasing behavior of the consumers. It's based upon making use of assigned
promotions for the preferred result. The ad provides a big duty in the production and solution
of the image of the product from the viewpoint of the clients. Advertisements provide the
importance of communication to have information circulation to the clients. It provides an
understanding of the stress and requirements of the consumers, which refers to significant
issues. It's based upon making use of targeting the appropriate customers. The popularity of
the target market is considerable in worry. It provides the essence of security within the
sensations ethos of consumers. It's additionally related to the end-users centers. It's
considered to provide the taste of the customers. Meeting the target consumers is influential.
It provides direct stability during this concern.

7. By using advertisements, the corporate tries to gain the self-confidence level of the
customers. This belongs to the behavior of the clients. During this periphery, the promotion
provides the formulation of the consumers' requirements. It's related to business products and
functions. Advertisement and client behavior have a correct and proportional relation. The
feature of the advertisement is predicated upon the use of impact and influence. These are
associated with the decision-making ethos of the clients. It's based on the activity stages and
is related to the objectives of marketers and organizations. Promotion is being conducted
using different networks during this consideration. A promotion may be a device that
additionally provides diverting consumers from their original intents.
In this consideration, morality is being questioned. Organizations need to provide moral
values to the customers based on ethical considerations. Misinforming the purchasers or
customers is the company's unfavorable primary job through the ad. Customers should be
given the right and appropriate knowledge concerning the product and services in this
concern. It provides the clients to possess the moral rights and considerations of security.
Customers are needed to be given the essence of refined elegance. Shared regard is
additionally required by the organization to be provided to the purchasers in this comparison.
This may provide the correct alternatives for the clients.
Conclusion
Advertising is that the essence through which companies have the influx and circulation of
firm information to the customers. The behavior and relationship of the consumers with
promotions are significant.
Q3b. Marketer’s say prohibition of tracking takes away the marketer’s legitimate right
to study consumer behavior. Which side do you agree with and what are your two
reasons for doing so? (5 Marks)
Answer 3b)
Introduction

8. Marketers during this modern-day consideration provide the understanding that restriction of
tracking eliminates the reputable legal rights of customer behavior. Does the ban on tracking
have an impact on the customer? It's vital to comprehend the prohibition of tracking the
consumers' practices. The legal alignment is required to be provided with the edge of
effectiveness.
Concept and applications
Marketing may be a considerable significance of business characteristics. It combines the
connection with the consumers to have forward movement. It'd have the simplistic
consideration that the e-mails and messages of the marketers provide information to the
consumers. It provides the gathering of getting in touch with information of the customers.
Using consumer information has got to be lowered with the principles of behavioral purposes.
During this case, the marketers must use the compliant fashion within the legal measurement.
The decision-making of the purchasers is substantial in consideration. It relates to the essence
of variety-seeking purchasing behavior, normal acquiring behavior, limited decision-making,
and extended decision-making. Customer behavior is important. It provides the importance of
determining, thinking, and sensation. The business dynamics can establish precisely how
finest the marketing world amounts to the organization's services and products. From this
measurement, marketers know the customer's behavior. These are linked with the consumers
will act and which can assist in the marketing mechanics. Gathering the consumer's
information without consent may be a kind of severe kind of problem. The customer's
permission is required to comprehend the behavior in this situation. The importance of
misguidance to the customers by marketers must be avoided. With consumer behavior
infractions, marketers can evaluate and gauge business characteristics. It can likewise provide
the engagement of the purchasers with the organization. It additionally provides the essence
increment of profits of business over time. During this case, it's required to understand that
customer practices study the individuals making buying choices. This is often based upon the
complete satisfaction of the demands of the clients. This is often likewise based on the
psychological and psychological reactions of the clients. It's linked with the significance of
variety-seeking purchasing behavior, normal acquiring behavior, limited decision-making,
and expanded decision-making. Consumer practices are critical. It provides the essence of
creating a decision, believing, and sensations.

9. Conclusion
It is essential to recognize the prohibition of tracking the customers' behavior. Legal
alignment is required to be given the verge of efficiency. Marketers during this modern-day
consideration provide the understanding that restriction of tracking removes the reputable
rights of customer practices. Does the buyer is being influenced by the prohibition of
tracking? Consumers are required to be provided with ethics. During this consideration
suggestion of marketers is also a perspective.