Difference Between cDNA and Genomic DNA – cDNA vs genomic DNA https://microbiologynote.com/cdna-vs-genomic-dna/

1. cDNA Genomic DNA
Collection of clones having complementary
DNA to the mRNA of an entity
Collection of clones having the complete genomic
DNA of an entity
Represents genes expressed in a particular cell
at a given period of time
Represents all genes
Smaller compared to genomic DNA library Vast in comparison to cDNA library
Clone contains Coding and non-coding
sequences seen on mRNA only, not the
complete gene.
Contains Coding and non-coding sequences for
introns and exons. Genomic clones can have
sequences of the complete gene
Reverse transcriptase enzyme is required for
their construction.
Ligases and restriction endonucleases required for
their construction.
The number of recombinants is way lesser in
comparison to the genomic DNA library to be
screened.
Way greater number of recombinants compared to
cDNA library to be screened.
mRNA required to start. DNA required to start.
Can be directly expressed in prokaryotic
system as it has only coding sequences
Gene expression extracted from the genomic library
is challenging in the prokaryotic systems, as they are
devoid of a splicing mechanism
reverse transcriptase Occurs in the synthesis of
the first cDNA strand
Not involved
Vectors used: Phagemids, Plasmids, Lambda
phage for harbouring smaller fragments due
to the absence of introns
Vectors used: Cosmids, plasmids, Lambda phage,
YAC, BAC to harbour larger fragments
cDNA Library is prepared by using mRNA as
template.
Genomic Library is prepared directly from the
genomic DNA.
cDNA represents the transcriptome. DNA represents the genome.
cDNA is synthesized from the reverse
transcription of different types of RNA.
Genomic DNA can be extracted from existing
genomes.
cDNA contains a few base pairs. Genomic DNA contains a large number of base pairs.
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https://microbiologynote.com/cdna-vs-genomic-dna/