Dental Implants is a growing industry in todays time and there is not much information on the topic.

1. Dr. Sonia Gore
IMPLANT SHAPES
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2. • What are Dental Implants ?
• Why are implant shapes important?
• Rationale for implant design?
• What are the various implant shapes ?
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3. • A dental implant is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone of the jaw
and skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial
prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor.
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4. • Dental implants have been used since 1970 since the time they have undergone
many improvements in design.
• Modern implants come in a variety of shapes and sizes to suit for different teeth
that they replace.
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5. • - Dental Implants are designed to look, feel, and function
like your natural teeth.
• Long lasting and reliable.
• - Replacing missing teeth with implants allow you to chew
your food better and speak more clearly.
• Improved facial and bone features.
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7. When it comes to dental implants, shape matters
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9. • Dental implants function to transfer the load to surrounding biologic tissues thus
the primary functional design objective is to manage ie dissipate and distribute
the biomechanical load to optimise the implant supported prosthesis function.
• Biomechanical load management dependent on two factors -
1. The character of the applied force.
2. The functional surface area over which the load is transferred.
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• Force Magnitude - The magnitude of bite force varies as a function of anatomic
region and state of dentition.
Following sustained periods of edentulism , the bone foundation becomes less
dense. Careful treatment planning , including appropriate design selection is
important so as to lower the magnitude of loads imposed on the vulnerable implant
to bone interface.
• Force duration - Duration of bite force on dentition. Patients with parafunctional
habits like bruxism or clenching may have their teeth in contact for several hours
each day.

11. • Force type - Three types of forces may be imposed on dental implants within the
oral environment : Compression , Tension and shear. Bone strongest when loaded
in compression , 30% weaker when subjected to tensile forces and 65% weaker
when loaded in shear.
• Force direction- The anatomy of maxilla and mandible places significant
constraints on the ability to surgically place implants suitable for loading along
their long axis. As the angle of load increases, the stresses around implant
increase, particularly in the vulnerable crestal bone region. Thus all implants are
designed for placement perpendicular to occlusal plane. This allows a more axial
load to the implant body and reduces the crestal stress.
Additionally axial alignment places less stress on abutment components and
decreases the risk of short and long term fracture.
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12. • Force magnification - A surgical placement resulting in extreme angulation of
the implant and/or a patient exhibiting parafunctional habits will likely exceed the
capability of any dental implant design to withstand physiologic loads.
Careful treatment planning with special attention to the use of multiple implants to
increase functional surface area is indicated.
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13. • For a given bone (and implant) volume,
implant surface area must be optimized
for functional loads.
• Functional surface area- The area that
actively serves to dissipate compressive
and tensile non shear loads through
implant bone interface and provide
initial stability of implant.
• Total surface area- May include a
passive area that does not participate in
load transfer.
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15. • ENDO means within and OSTEAL means bone.
• It is the most common one , in this type the gum is opened up and the bone is hole drilled.
• Alloplastic material which is surgically inserted into residual bony ridge as a prosthodontic
foundation.
• ALLOPLASTIC - biological material either manufactured completely synthetically or produced
by extensive physical or chemical processing of XENOGENIC type of tissues or structures.
• Once the bone is healed the tooth can be screwed in place.
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16. • In 1930 Strock placed the first endosteal
implant.
• Three types - Blade, cylinder with thread
(screw) and cylinder with straight sides.
• It extends into the alveolar bone or basal
bone of maxilla or mandible for support.
• It transects only one cortical plate.
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17. • It originated in the late 1960s.
• It consists of thin plates in the form of blade , embedded into the bone.
• Used as a posterior support for mandibular fixed partial denture when there is
insufficient height and width.
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18. • Smooth sided or bullet shaped.
• Bone to implant interface load - PURE SHEAR.
• Straight , tapered or conical.
• Depends on coating or surface condition to provide
microscopic retention and bonding to the bone.
• Coated with rough materials like hydroxyapatite ,
titanium plasma spray and sintered balls.
• Pushed or tapped into the prepared bone site.
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19. • Solid screw is threaded into slightly smaller prepared bone site.
• It permits osteotomy and placement of implant in dense cortical bone and fine
trabecular bone.
• It has macroscopic retentive elements of a thread for initial bone fixation. It can be
machined , textured or coated.
• Implant removal possible if placement is not ideal.
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20. • V - thread - longest history of
clinical use.
• Buttress thread (reverse buttress)
• Power thread (square)
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21. • Horse shoe shaped stainless steel device.
• Inserted into the mandible from one retromolar pad to the other.
• It passes through the anterior symphysis area.
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22. • Through bone.
• Placed directly beneath the periosteum overlying the bony cortex.
• Used to stabilize a mandibular denture .
• Rests on alveolar ridge, no bone invasion.
• Less invasive, less stable.
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23. • On bone.
• Also known as - Staple bone implants or
mandibular staple implant or
transmandibular implant.
• It combines the subperiosteal and
endosteal components.
• It consists of a plate and several bolts that
transverse the mandible in the anterior
region.
• Penetrates both cortical plates.
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24. • Inserted into the oral mucosa.
• Mucosa is used as an attachment site for the metal inserts.
• Mushroom shaped design.
• Used with removable dentures.
• It fits on the upper side of mouth.
• Increase chewing capacity and provide strong holding power.
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26. • Plateau shaped implant with sloping
shoulder.
• Plateau implants may be a valid
treatment option in case of limited
alveolar bone height.
• The advantage of this design is
providing more surface area for
osseous-integration.
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27. • The dental implants are perforated with a mixture of cellulose acetate (inert
micro-porus membrane material)
• It is further in intimate contact with and supported by the layer of perforated
metallic sheet material (pure titanium).
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28. • The dental implant has a circular cross-section without vent or hallow in the body.
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29. • Hollow design in the apical portion.
• Systematically arranged perforations on the sides of the implants.
• Increased surface anchorage.
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30. Anonymous
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31. • Dental Implant Prosthetics - CARL E. MISCH.
• INTERNET.
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