1. BASKETBALL
Each team consists of 5 players who play the entire floor area. There may be any number of substitutes during the game.
The purpose of the game is to get the ball into the defending team‟s basket and to prevent the opposing team from getting
possession of the ball or scoring. The game is started by a jump ball in the centre by any two opposing players. After a
successful shot, 2 or 3 points (from outside the 3 point semi-circle), the ball is put into play by an opponent behind the base
line where the basket was scored.
A player may throw, bat, bounce the ball or take it from an opponent, hold the ball for 5 seconds when in bounds and
closely guarded, 5 seconds to inbound the ball from out of bounds, or 10 seconds on a free throw.
A tie ball occurs when two opposing players have one of both hands firmly on the ball at the same time. For each tie ball, a
player of alternating teams gain possession and put the ball into play from the side.
Ball Handling Violations
Violation are any infraction of the rules for moving, passing or dribbling the ball. The penalty for all violations results in the
opponent inbounding the ball at the baseline or sideline closest to the spot where the violation occurred.
 Kicking the ball intentionally
 Striking the ball with the fist
 Travelling – moving the feet (other than a pivot foot) while holding the ball
 Double Dribble – occurs either when a player dribbles the ball and picks it up and then dribbles it again without having
shot or passed it, or dribbling the ball with two hands at the same time
 Holding the ball for more than the allowed time
 Over and Back – once the ball has been brought into the front court, the same team cannot cause the ball to go into
the back court
 Carry – when a player physically turns the ball over with their hands while dribbling it
 10 second back court violation – taking longer than 10 seconds to advance the ball out of the back court
 3 second violation – any player whose team has possession of the ball may not be in the key area for more than 3
seconds unless that team is continually shooting
 Out of Bounds – causing the ball to go out of bounds by either stepping on or over the line while in possession of the
ball or by causing the ball to go out of bounds
Fouls
Fouls can be separated into three types: personal, technical and disqualification. After a player commits his / her 5th
foul (any combination of personal and technical), he / she is removed from the game. A player is immediately removed from
a game after committing a disqualification foul.

2. Personal Fouls
 Involves body contact (ie. blocking, holding, charging, pushing, illegal use of hands, tripping) committed by a
player from the other team thought, by the umpires, to have caused a disadvantage
 If a foul is committed against a player in the act of shooting the ball and the ball goes in the basket, the basket
counts (2 points) and one free throw is awarded. If the ball does not go in the basket, the player receives 2 free
throws, no matter if the first one is sunk or not. If a player is fouled in the act of shooting a 3 point shot, the player
will shoot 3 foul shots. Each free throw or foul shot scores 1 point.
Technical Fouls
Occurs when there has been no body contact but an infringement of the rules or unsportsmanlike behaviour occurs.
If a player commits a technical foul, the opposing team will shoot 2 free throws. Anyone from the team may shoot these
shots and all other players must stand back at half court. The same team that shot the free throws will receive the ball at
half court to resume play. Technical fouls include:
 Fighting or threatening to fight another player
 Entering the basketball court when it is not a substitution time
 Too many players on the court
 Refusing to sit on the bench
 Returning to play when disqualified
 Yelling and / or swearing at another player, coach or official
 Wearing the same number as a teammate
 Not being entered on the score sheet
Disqualification Fouls
A disqualification foul occurs when a player deliberately tries to injure another player, the referee or coach. The player is
immediately ejected from the game and the opposing team shoots 2 free throws, with the format being as for a technical
foul.
Playing Positions
A position is the job or role that the player has to take in a game when on a team. If everyone does their job correctly, the
team is usually successful.
Offensive Positions
 Point Guard (1) - Point guards are the “quarterback” of basketball who control the game. They dribble the ball
from their court into the opponents court and plan the „attack‟ by setting up plays. They can be small, but have to
be fast and have to have good ball handling skills. (ie. Steve Nash, Phoenix Suns)
 Shooting Guard (2) – players who have good shooting skills, especially from a distance (good at shooting 3 point
shots) (ie. Vince Carter, Orlando Magic)
 Small Forward (3) - a fast, versatile player that can score, rebound and assist plays (ie. LeBron James, Cleveland
Cavaliers)
 Power Forward (4) – plays inside the 3 point line and receives rebounds and scores (ie. Chris Bosh, Toronto
Raptors)
 Centre (5) - tallest player, score close to the basket, rebound and block shots on defence (ie. Yao Ming, Huston
Rockets)

3. Zone Defence
Each player is given a certain area, or zone, on the court to cover in zone defence.
1-2-2 Zone Defence is shown to the right.
Advantages of a 1-2-2
 pressure ball on outside arc, allows for trapping, effective against
an outside shooting team
Disadvantages of a 1-2-2
 can be attacked from the corners
The Court (1/2 court shown)
Baseline
Low Post Block
Key
Hash Marks
Free Throw Line
3 Point Line Sideline
Centre Circle
Centre Line