Rhodophyta (red algae) Red algae are members of the phylum Rhodophyta. This is a large group of aquatic algae with about 6000 species. They have reddish phycobilin pigments— phycoerythrin and phycocyanin. The red algae are a distinct group. They have eukaryotic cells without flagella and centrioles.

1. RED ALGAE
Rhodophyta
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What is algae?
Alga is a photosynthetic plant that
grows in water.
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•Generally classified
as protist
•Protists are normally
considered to be single-celled
eukaryotes
•But, many algae are
multicellular - some are huge
organisms
•Algae often considered to be
photosynthetic protists

5. Classification of Rhodophyta

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What Are Red
Algae?
Red algae are protists or
microscopic organisms in the
phylum Rhodophyta, and
range from simple one-celled
organisms to complex, multi-
celled organisms. Of the more
than 6,000 species of red
algae, most are, not
surprisingly, red, reddish in
color.
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LIFE CYCLE
Alternation of
generations means that
plants alternate
between two different
life stages, or
generations, in their life
cycle; a haploid stage
called gametophyte and
a diploid stage called
sporophyte. The terms
haploid and diploid
refer to the number of
chromosomes
contained in the cells.
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CLASS: Bangiophyceae SUBCLASS: Bangiodeae ORDER: Bangiales
Bangia
an extant genus of division Rhodophyta that
grows in marine or freshwater habitats.
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Porphyra
a genus of cold water seaweeds that grow in cold,
shallow seawater. More specifically, it belongs to the
red algae phylum of laver species (from which comes
laver bread), comprising approximately 70 species.
FAMILY:
Bangiaceae
Bangia atropurpurea Porphyra umbilicalis - Tough Laver
Plants simple, filaments never aggregated; very little specialization of sex
organs; direct division of the zygote gives rise to carposporangia;
terrestrial, freshwater, and marine.

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Laver seaweed
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CLASS: Florideophyceae
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SUBCLASS: Florideae
usually filamentous with aggregation of filaments for-
ming pseudo-parenchymatous thalli; cells with pit-
connections; sex organs clearly differentiated ; mainly
marine.

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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Nemalionales is an order of red algae that have only a gametophytic generation and
carpospores which develop from end cells of short filaments sprouting from a
carpogonium
• Nemalion is a genus of Nemaliaceae that contains approximately ten species,
including. Its members are known by a number of common names.
ORDER: Nemalionales

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N. helminthoides
Threadweed or Sea Noodles

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:
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Batrachospermum
• Batrachospermum, a genus of
freshwater red algae (family
Batrachospermaceae) ranging in color
from violet to blue-green. The long,
branched, threadlike filaments bear
dense whorls of branchlets, resembling
beads on a string.

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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• order of red algae
containing ten genera,
and approximately 130–
200 species, many of
which are used to make
agar.
Gelidium is a genus of red algae
comprising approximately 134
species
ORDER: Gelidiales
Gelidium Amansii

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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differentiated into hard, massive stalks
and considerably softer laminar blades.
example genus Cryptosiphonia, Corallina,
Lithothamnion
Cryptonemia kallymenioides
ORDER:
Cryptonemiales

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Corallina

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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Plants filamentous; uniaxial
or multiaxial; tetraspores
zonate or cruciate
Examples:
Agardhiella, Iridea, Chondrus
ORDER: Gigartinales

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Irish moss
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Irish moss

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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An order of red seaweeds in which
the thallus may be cylindrical or
flattened; some (e.g. species of
Lomentaria and Chylocladia) have a
segmented or beaded appearance.
They are generally found low in the
intertidal region, usually attached
to rocks.
ORDER:
Rhodymeniales

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Lomentaria Chylocladia

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SUBCLASS: Florideae
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A large order of red seaweeds, most
of which have a delicate
membranous or filamentous thallus.
The order includes more than 250
genera, and is distributed world-
wide.
ORDER:
Ceramiales

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Polysiphonia

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Summary
Red algae are one of the largest
phyla of algae.
• Red algae are the oldest group of
eukaryotic algae containing over
6000 species
• They fall under the kingdom
Protista and phylum Rhodophyta
• They contain chlorophyll
• Can prepare their own food by the
process of photosynthesis
• Red algae are mostly found in
marine habitats and are red in
color due to the presence of a
pigment called phycoerythrin
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