This document summarizes key concepts in occupational therapy including occupational performance areas, activities of daily living, productivity or work, play or leisure, and rest/sleep. It describes common occupational performance areas like grooming, bathing, dressing, feeding, medication routines, home management, care of others, educational activities, and vocational activities. The document also discusses performance contexts that can influence occupational performance, including physical, personal, cultural, social, and situational contexts.
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Occupational performance area
1.
2. Shamima Akter
BOT, MRS (enrolling)
Lecturer,
Department of Occupational Therapy
Bangladesh Health Professions Institute
Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed
Chapain, Savar
OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE
AREAS
3. Occupational Performance Area
Three Domains
1. Activities of daily living or self care
activities
2. Productivity or work
3. Play or leisure
4. Rest/ Sleep
5. Activities of daily living
The typical life task required for self-care
and self- maintenance, such as
grooming, bathing, eating, dressing etc.
6. List of Activities of Daily Living
Grooming Health Maintenance
Oral hygiene Functional Mobility
Bathing Socialization
Toilet hygiene Functional Communication
Personal device care Community Mobility
Dressing Emergency Response
Self-feeding & Eating Sexual Expression
Medication routine
7. Grooming
Obtaining and using supplies; removing
body hair (use of razors, tweezers, lotions,
etc.); applying and removing cosmetics;
washing, drying, combing, styling, and
brushing hair; caring for nails (hands and
feet), caring for skin, ears, and eyes; and
applying deodorant.
12. Oral Hygiene
Obtaining and using supplies; cleaning mouth;
brushing and flossing teeth; or removing,
cleaning, and reinserting dental orthotics and
prosthetics.
15. Bathing/Showering
Obtaining and using supplies; soaping,
rinsing, and drying body parts; maintaining
bathing position; and transferring to and from
bathing positions.
16.
17. Toilet Hygiene
Obtaining and using supplies; clothing
management; maintaining toileting position;
transferring to and from toileting position;
cleaning body; and caring for menstrual and
continence needs (including catheters,
colostomies, and suppository management).
19. Personal Device Care
Cleaning and maintaining personal care
items, such as hearing aids, contact lenses,
glasses, orthotics, prosthetics, adaptive
equipment.
27. Dressing
Selecting clothing and accessories
appropriate to time of day, weather, and
occasion; obtaining clothing from storage
area; dressing and undressing in a sequential
fashion; fastening and adjusting clothing and
shoes; and applying and removing personal
devices, prostheses, or orthosis.
28.
29. Feeding and Eating
Setting up food; selecting and using
appropriate utensils and tableware: cleaning
face, hands, and clothing; bringing food or
drink to mouth; sucking, masticating,
coughing, and swallowing; and management
of alternative methods of nourishment.
35. Medication Routine
Obtaining medication. Opening and closing
containers, following prescribed schedules,
taking correct quantities, reporting problems
and adverse effects, and administering correct
quantities by using prescribed methods.
36.
37. Developing and maintaining routines for
illness prevention and wellness promotion,
such as physical fitness, nutrition, and
decreasing health risk behaviors
Health maintenance
38.
39. Accessing opportunities and interacting with
other people in appropriate contextual and
cultural ways to meet emotional and physical
needs.
Socialization
40.
41. Moving from one position or place to another,
such as in-bed mobility, wheelchair mobility,
transfers (wheelchair, bed, car, tub, toilet,
tub/shower, chair, floor). Performing functional
ambulation and transport objects.
Functional Mobility
42.
43. Moving self in the community and using public
or private transportation, such as driving, or
accessing buses, taxi cabs, or other public
transportation systems.
Community Mobility
44.
45.
46.
47. Using equipment or systems to send and
receive information, such as writing
equipment, telephones, typewriters,
computers, communication boards, call lights,
emergency systems, Braille writers,
telecommunication devices for the deaf, and
augmentative communication systems.
Functional
Communication
55. Productivity
Productivity refers to activities (both
paid or unpaid) that provide
services or commodities to others
such educational activities and job-
related activities.
56. 1. Home management
Clothing Care
Cleaning
Meal preparation and clean up
Shopping
Money management
Household maintenance
Safety procedures
2. Care of others
3. Educational activities
4. Vocational activities
Productivity
57. Obtaining and maintaining personal and
household possessions and environment.
Clothing Care
Cleaning
Meal preparation and clean up
Shopping
Money management
Household maintenance
Safety procedures
Home Management
58. Obtaining and using supplies; sorting,
laundering (hand, machine, and dry clean);
folding; ironing; storing; and mending.
Clothing Care
64. Obtaining and using supplies; picking up;
putting away; vacuuming; sweeping and
mopping floors; dusting; polishing; scrubbing;
washing windows; cleaning mirrors; making
beds; and removing trash and recyclables.
Cleaning
71. Planning nutritious meals; preparing and
serving food; opening and closing containers,
cabinets and drawers; using kitchen utensils
and appliances; cleaning up and storing food
safely.
Meal Preparation & Clean
Up
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81. Preparing shopping lists (grocery and other);
selecting and purchasing items; selecting
method of payment; and completing money
transactions.
Shopping
88. Knowing and performing preventive and
emergency procedures to maintain a safe
environment and to prevent injuries.
Safety Procedure
89.
90.
91.
92. Providing for children, spouse, parents, pets,
or others, such as giving physical care,
nurturing, communicating, and using age
appropriate activities.
Care of Others
93.
94. Participating in a learning environment
through school, community, or work-
sponsored activities, such as exploring
educational interests, attending to instruction,
managing assignments, and contributing to
group experiences.
Educational
Activities
95.
96.
97. Participating in work-related activities.
Vocational exploration
Job acquisition
Work or job performance
Retirement planning
Volunteer participation
Vocational Activities
110. Play refers to activities freely undertaken
for their own sake; it includes exploring,
pretending, celebrating, engaging in
games or sports, and pursuing hobbies.
Intrinsically motivating activities for
amusement, recreation, spontaneous
enjoyment, or self-expression.
Play or Leisure
111.
112.
113. Play or Leisure Exploration -Identifying
interests, skills, opportunities, and appropriate
play or leisure activities.
Play or Leisure
Exploration
114.
115. Play or Leisure Performance -Planning and
participating in play or leisure activities.
Maintaining balance of play or leisure
activities with work and productive activities,
and activities of daily living. Obtaining,
utilizing, and maintaining equipment and
supplies.
Play or Leisure
Performance
118. PERFORMANCE AREA
According to Occupational Therapy Practice
Framework (AOTA 2008, cited in Radomski, latham,
2013), Areas of occupations are:
• Activities of daily living
• Instrumental activities of daily living
• Rest & sleep
• Education
• Work
• Play
• Leisure
• Social preparation
119. Performance area
Activities of Daily Living/ ADL— Care of one’s body
including bathing, showering, bowel and bladder
management, dressing, eating, self-feeding,
functional mobility, personal device care, personal
hygiene and grooming, sexual activity, and toilet
hygiene.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living/IADL—
Activities to support daily life in the home and
community including, care of others, child rearing,
care of pets, communication management,
community mobility, financial management, health
management and maintenance, home
establishment and management, meal preparation
and cleanup, religious observance, safety and
120. Continue…
Rest and Sleep— Rest, sleep, sleep preparation, and
sleep participation
Education — Participation in formal or informal
education; exploration of informal educational needs
or interests
Work — Employment interests and pursuits,
employment seeking and acquisition, job
performance, retirement preparation and adjustment,
and volunteer exploration and participation
Play — Play exploration and participation
Leisure — Leisure exploration and participation
Social preparation — Engaging in activities that result
in successful interaction at the community, family or
121. PERFORMANCE CONTEXT
According to Occupational Functioning Model,
occupational performance contexts are:
Physical
Personal
Cultural
Social
Situational
122. Performance Context
Physical— Including the natural and built
environments, objects and utensils, and the
requirements that tools and utensils pose for use
Personal— Including age, gender, activity history,
sense of competency, and spirituality
Cultural— Including norms, values, beliefs, and
routines or rituals of the family, ethnic group,
community, or religious group
Social— Including temporal demands of role tasks,
activities and habits; balance of activity types; and
balance of activity and rest
Situational— Including circumstances related to the
setting or surroundings at a given moment
123. REFERENCE
Trombly CA 1996, Occupational Therapy for
Physical Dysfunction, 5th ed, Mosby Company,
Philadelphia
Radomski and Trombly-Latham 2008,
Occupational Therapy for Physical
Dysfunction (6th Ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott,
Williams and Wilkins.
Radomski and Trombly-Latham 2014,
Occupational Therapy for Physical
Dysfunction (7th Ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott,
Williams and Wilkins.