This subjects is important of being good leader of an ARMY and a FUTURE of nation. "A good Leader must be a good Follower". What you see, what you hear, what you read, what you feel, Just live it here thats our military Secrecy. For being Honor Code of being a Cadets or as an Officer "We female and male does not lie, cheat, steal, nor tolerate other for us for those who do".

1. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 11
TB34AK

2. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 22
ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE

3. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 33
TO IDENTIFY
•You see a INF SQD I/O

4. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 44
KN PT 1
DIR 0021
DIS 2100
ALT 500
DIR ????
DIS 2500
ALT 535
INF SQD I/O
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
OP ALT 590

5. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 55
SEQUENCE OF SUBSEQUENT CORRECTIONS
OBSERVER-TARGET DIRECTION
DANGER CLOSE
TRAJECTORY
METHOD OF FIRE
DISTRIBUTION
PROJECTILE
FUZE
VOLUME
DEVIATION CORRECTION
RANGE CORRECTION
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTION
TARGET DESCRIPTION
MISSION TYPE AND/OR METHOD OF CONTROL
SPLASH
REPEAT

6. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 66
SPOTTING
SA spotting is the observer’s
determination of the location of the
burst with respect to the adjusting
point as observed along the OT line.

7. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 77
SPOTTINGS
Spottings must be made by the observer the
instant the bursts occur.
•Observers will make spottings for deviation,
range, and height of burst.
• The observer should consider the most
difficult spottings first. The sequence of
spottings is HOB (air or graze), range (over
or short), and deviation (left or right).

8. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 88
SEQUENCE OF SPOTTINGS AND CORRECTIONS
SPOTTING
HEIGHT OF BURST (1m)
RANGE
DEVIATION (5m)
CORRECTION
DEVIATION (10M)
RANGE
HEIGHT OF BURST (5M)

9. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 99
RANG
E
Range spotting is where the observer
determines whether the burst occurred
beyond the target or short of the target.

10. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1010
RANGE SPOTTING

11. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1111
RANGE SPOTTINGS
A round that impacts at the
correct range
RANGE CORRECT
A round that impacts on the target.
This spotting is used only precision fire
(registration or destruction missions)
TARGET
A round that impacts between the observer
and the adjusting point
SHORT
A round that impacts beyond the adjusting
point
OVER

12. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1212
RANGE SPOTTINGS
A round not observed
but known to have impacted over or short
UNOBSERVED OVER or SHORT
A round not observed but known to
have impacted, usually heard
UNOBSERVED
A round whose location cannot be determined
by sight or sound
LOST
A round that can be observed but cannot
be spotted as OVER or SHORT
DOUBTFUL

13. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1313
RANGE SPOTTINGS
Definite range spottings are required
to make a proper range adjustment.
Any range spotting other than
DOUBTFUL, LOST, or UNOBSERVED
is definite. Normally, a round which
impacts on or near the OT line results
in a definite range spotting.

14. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1414
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

15. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1515
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

16. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1616
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

17. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1717
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

18. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1818
RANGE SPOTTINGS
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7

19. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 1919
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

20. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2020
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

21. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2121
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

22. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2222
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE SPOTTINGS

23. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2323
LOST SPOTTINGS
Dud (nonfunctioning fuze)
Terrain
Enemy fire
FO failed to spot the round
Errors by the FDC or the firing piece

24. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2424
SEQUENCE OF SPOTTINGS AND CORRECTIONS
SPOTTING
HEIGHT OF BURST (1m)
RANGE
DEVIATION (5m)
CORRECTION
DEVIATION (10M)
RANGE
HEIGHT OF BURST (5M)

25. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2525
DEVIATION
A deviation spotting is the angular
measurement from the adjusting point to the
burst as seen from the observer's position.
During a fire mission, the observer measures
the deviation, in mils, with his binoculars (or
another angle-measuring instrument).
Deviation spottings are measured to the
nearest 5 mils for area fires and 1 mil for
precision fires.

26. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2626
DEVIATION SPOTTING
Deviation spottings are taken from the
center of a single burst or, in the case of
platoon or battery fire, from the center of
the group of bursts. Deviation spottings
should be made as accurately as possible
to help in obtaining definite range
spottings.

27. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2727
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS
O-T LINE
LINE (LN)
RIGHT (R)
LEFT (L)

28. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2828
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS

29. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 2929
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS

30. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3030
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS

31. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3131
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS

32. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3232
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEVIATION SPOTTINGS

33. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3333
SPOTTING/CORRECTION
DEVIATION
RANGE
H.O.B.
H.O.B
RANGE
DEVIATION
SPOTTINGS MADE IN MILS
CORRECTIONS MADE IN METERS

34. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3434
Deviation Corrections
The distance in meters that the burst is to be
moved (right or left). It is determined by
multiplying the observer’s deviation spotting in
mils by the OT factor, then expressed to the
nearest 10 meters. Corrections of less than 30
meters are considered as minor deviation
corrections and should not be sent to the FDC
except if conducting a destruction mission or as
refinement data when ending an area fire
mission.

35. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3535
CORRECTIONS
DETERMINING THE OT FACTOR
An important element in making proper
corrections is determining the OT factor.
In determining the OT factor, the observer
will express the observer target distance to
the nearest thousands.

36. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3636
OT FACTOR
OT Distance = 2300
OT Distance Expressed to
nearest thousand =2000
OT Factor = 2
Divide by 1000=OT factor of 2

37. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3737
OT FACTOR
OT Distance = 4500
OT Distance Expressed to
nearest thousand =4000
OT Factor = 4
Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4

38. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3838
OT FACTOR
OT Distance = 700
OT Factor = .7

39. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 3939
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
Deviation Corrections
OT DISTANCE 3400

40. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4040
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
Deviation Corrections
OT DISTANCE 3400

41. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4141
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
Deviation Corrections
OT DISTANCE 2300

42. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4242
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
Deviation Corrections
OT DISTANCE 1800

43. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4343
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
Deviation Corrections
OT DISTANCE 1400

44. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4444
RANGE CORRECTION
When making a range correction the
observer attempts to “add" or “drop”
the adjusting round. If his spotting
was SHORT, he will add; if his spotting
was OVER, he will drop. When
conducting an adjustment onto a
target, the observer may choose to
establish a range bracket

45. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4545
RANGE CORRECTION
HASTY BRACKETING
Hasty bracketing is best when fires are
required and the observer is
experienced in the adjustment of fire.
Success at hasty bracketing adjustment
requires the observer to conduct a
thorough terrain analysis that gives the
observer an accurate target location.
(An accurate target location would be within
250 meters of the target).

46. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4646
ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE FIRES

47. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4747
ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE FIRES
DROP 200, OVER.

48. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4848
ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE FIRES
ADD 100 FFE, OVER

49. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 4949
ONE ROUND ADJUST
The observer spots the location of the first round,
calculates and transmits to the FDC the corrections
necessary to move the burst of the round to the adjusting
point, and fires for effect. This technique requires either
an experienced observer or one with accurate distance-
measuring equipment such as a laser range finder. All
missions conducted by using a G/VLLD should be FFE or
one-round adjustments.

50. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5050
LEFT 60
DROP 200 FFE,
OVER
ONE ROUND ADJUST

51. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5151
ONE ROUND ADJUST

52. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5252
CREEPING FIRE
Creeping fire is used mainly in
danger close missions. The
observer should make range
changes by creeping the
rounds to the target, using
corrections of 100 meters or
less, rather than making large
range corrections..

53. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5353
DROP 100, OVER
CREEPING FIRES

54. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5454
DROP 100, OVER
CREEPING FIRES

55. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5555
DROP 100, OVER
CREEPING FIRES

56. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5656
DROP 100 FFE, OVER
CREEPING FIRES

57. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5757
CREEPING FIRES

58. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5858
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING
After the first definite range spotting is determined, the
observer should send a range correction to the FDC to
establish a range bracket of known distance (one round
over and one round short). Once the bracket has been
established, the observer successively splits the bracket
until he is assured the rounds will be within 50 meters of the
adjusting point when he fires for effect. Normally, range
changes of 100, 200, 400, or 800 meters are used to make
splitting the bracket easier. The observer enters FFE when
he is sure of rounds impacting within 50 meters of the
adjusting point.

59. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 5959
RANGE CORRECTION
ADD 400, OVER
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING
FIRST DEFINITE RANGE
SPOTTING

60. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6060
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 200, OVER
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING

61. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6161
RANGE CORRECTION
ADD 100, OVER
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING

62. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6262
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 50, FFE OVER
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING

63. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6363
RANGE CORRECTION
SUCCESSIVE BRACKETING

64. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6464
RANGE CORRECTIONS
ADD OR DROP 1600
ADD OR DROP 800
ADD OR DROP 400
ADD OR DROP 200
ADD OR DROP 100
ADD OR DROP 50 (FFE)

65. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6565
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 400 OVER

66. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6666
RANGE CORRECTION
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
ADD 200 OVER

67. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6767
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
ADD 100 OVER

68. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6868
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 50 FFE OVER

69. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 6969
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION

70. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7070
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 400 OVER

71. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7171
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
ADD 200 OVER

72. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7272
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 100 OVER

73. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7373
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION
DROP 50 FFE OVER

74. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7474
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
RANGE CORRECTION

75. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7575
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 2300
RIGHT 100
DROP 400 OVER

76. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7676
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 2300
RIGHT 40
ADD 200 OVER

77. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7777
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 2300
LEFT 40
ADD 100 OVER

78. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7878
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 2300
LEFT 30
DROP 50 FFE OVER

79. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 7979
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 2300

80. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8080
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 4300
RIGHT 60
DROP 400 OVER

81. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8181
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 4300
LEFT 40
ADD 200 OVER

82. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8282
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 4300
RIGHT 40
DROP 100 OVER

83. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8383
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 4300
DROP 50 FFE OVER

84. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8484
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 4300

85. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8585
MTO B TIME IN EFFECT 2 ROUNDS
TGT NUMBER AA2001, OVER

86. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8686
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 3300
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
LEFT 100
ADD 400 OVER

87. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8787
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 3300
LEFT 30
DROP 200 OVER

88. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8888
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 3300
RIGHT 40
DROP 100 OVER

89. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 8989
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
DEV & RNG CORRECTION
OT DISTANCE 3300

90. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9090
TIME ADD 50, OVER
MTO B TIME IN EFFECT 2 ROUNDS
TGT NUMBER AA2001, OVER.

91. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9191
HEIGHT OF
BURST
Height of burst spottings are used when fuze
time is fired. The observer must determine
the number of mils in the air above the target,
the round bursts.

92. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9292
HEIGHT OF BURST
AIR--a round or group of rounds that bursts in the air.
The number of mils is determined. For example, a burst 10
mils above the target would be spotted as AIR 10.
GRAZE--a round or group of rounds that detonates on
impact.
SPOTTINGS

93. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9393
HEIGHT OF BURST
SPOTTINGS
AIR__________(MILS)
GRAZE
AIR

94. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9494
SEQUENCE OF SPOTTINGS AND CORRECTIONS
SPOTTING
HEIGHT OF BURST (1m)
RANGE
DEVIATION (5m)
CORRECTION
DEVIATION (10M)
RANGE
HEIGHT OF BURST (5M)

95. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9595
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST SPOTTINGS

96. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9696
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST SPOTTINGS

97. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9797
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST SPOTTINGS

98. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9898
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST SPOTTINGS

99. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 9999
Adjust HOB to 20 meters.
Graze burst without previous air Up 40, 0ver.
Graze burst with previous air Up 20, 0ver.
Never Fire For Effect from a graze burst.
Fire For Effect if correction is 40 meters or less.
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS

100. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 100100
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 3300
UP 40 OVER

101. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 101101
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 3300
DOWN 70 OVER

102. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 102102
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 3300
UP 20 OVER

103. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 103103
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 3300
DOWN 40
FFE OVER

104. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 104104
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 3300

105. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 105105
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 2500
DOWN 40
FFE OVER

106. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 106106
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 2500

107. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 107107
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 1400
UP 40 OVER

108. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 108108
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 1400
UP 40 OVER

109. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 109109
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 1400
DOWN 10
FFE OVER

110. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 110110
1 2 3 4 512345
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
HEIGHT OF BURST CORRECTIONS
OT DISTANCE 1400

111. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 111111
At the completion of the FFE we must determine what
effects we had on the target and send an End of Mission
(EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE

112. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 112112
RESULTS OF FFE
OBSERVER’S ACTIONS
OBSERVER’S TRANSMISSION
Accurate and sufficient
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE
End mission and surveillance
End of mission RPG silenced
estimate ____ causalities, over

113. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 113113
RESULTS OF FFE
OBSERVER’S ACTIONS
OBSERVER’S TRANSMISSION
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE
Inaccurate and sufficient
Refinement, end mission, and surveillance
Right 20 Add 20 end of mission RPG silenced
estimate ____ causalities, over

114. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 114114
RESULTS OF FFE
OBSERVER’S ACTIONS
OBSERVER’S TRANSMISSION
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE
Inaccurate and Insufficient
Refinement and repeat or re-enter adjust fire
Right 10 Add 50 repeat or Right 50 Add 400
adjust fire over

115. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 115115
RESULTS OF FFE
OBSERVER’S ACTIONS
OBSERVER’S TRANSMISSION
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE
Accurate and Insufficient
REPEAT
Repeat over

116. USAFAS
TB34AK #TB34AK # 116116
REFINEMENT and SURVEILLENCE
R/L ___ +/- ____ U/D___ end of mission
______________ neutralized, estimate ____ causalities, over.