1. www.postersession.com
Birth
Malcolm Little (Malcolm X) was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He
was the seventh child of Reverend Early (Earl) and Louise Little. His early years
were spent in Omaha, Milwaukee, Lansing, Michigan and Roxbury, a suburb of
Boston. His father, Earl was a Baptist minister and a dedicated organizer for Marcus
Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association.[1] Malcolm’s mother was also
involved and wrote articles for the Negro World. The family was devastated when his
father was brutally killed. His body was found laid across the Lansing trolley tracks
and cut almost in half. Malcolm was influenced early by his parent’s involvement in
religious and political matters affecting blacks. Later he would say, “So early in life,
I had learned that if you wanted something done, you had better make some noise”.
[2]
Family
His mother, Louise, a proud woman was left to provide for their eight children. She
despised buying on credit and receiving welfare. However, times got extremely hard
for the family and Malcolm would often steal food. Eventually, his mother would
suffer a complete breakdown and be committed to a mental hospital by the state. In
1937, Malcolm and his siblings were separated and sent to live with different families
in the area. He believed his family could have remained together if the state welfare
agency had not destroyed it. Later in his life, he said, “I have no mercy or
compassion in me for a society that will crush people, and then penalize them for not
being able to stand up under the weight”.[1]
Education
Malcolm attended Lansing West Junior High School but after getting into trouble
several times, he was sent to a detention home in Mason, Michigan and attended
Mason Junior High School. He was elected president of his seventh grade class and
was well-liked by his classmates.[2] His half-sister, Ella saw potential in Malcolm
and enrolled him in a school in Boston. However, Malcolm would not attend instead
he liked hanging out in the ghetto and experimenting with drugs and alcohol.
.
Accomplishments,
Awards,
and Recognition
Malcolm X: The Man Who Believes In Whatever Takes
Figure 3 with Caption
Figure 4 with Caption
References
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[1]http://academic.eb.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/EBchecked/topic/44749/The-
Autobiography-of-Malcolm-X
[2]http://www.oxfordaasc.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/article/opr/t301/e243?
hi=1&from=quick&pos=1
[3]http://Solomon.bltc.alexanderstreet.comfetch.mhls.uab.edu/cgi/bin/asp/philo/blt
c/getdoc.pl?S14074-D014
[4]Malcolm X “By Any Means Necessary” by: Walters Dean Myers 1993
[5]http://search.proquest.com.fetch.mhls.uab.edu/ethnicnewswatch/docview/219587
087/15E56575594C4979PQ/1?accountid=8240
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Legacy (If deceased)
Early Life 1958 Marries Betty Sanders (Betty X) in Lansing, Michigan
1959 Travels to Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Nigeria and Ghana. Founded the
newspaper, Muhammad Speaks
1961 Briefly takes over Nation of Islam while Elijah Muhammad is sick
1963 Malcolm is “silenced” by Nation of Islam for comments on assassination
of President Kennedy.
1964 Splits with Nation of Islam and forms new organization, Muslim
Mosque, Inc. Malcolm completes pilgrimage to Mecca and returns with a new
name, El Hajj Malik el Shabazz. Announces formation of the Organization of
Afro-American Unity.
1965 Malcolm is assassinated while giving a speech in Harlem’s Audubon
Ballroom
Career
•Accomplishments, Awards and Recognition
•Personal Life
I.Marriage/Family Involvement
II.Children
III.Personal Hobbies
Goals
Malcolm X was a preacher and activist for the Nation of Islam. After several
trips to other countries, he changed his viewpoint on the relationship between
blacks and whites and the Islamic religion. Although, he was opposed to the
nonviolent civil rights movement instead pushing for self-defense and action
to achieve equality. Malcolm began trying to work with other black
movement organizations.[2] His new perspective and other factors caused him
to leave the Nation of Islam. Malcolm now believed in religious diversity and
that blacks and whites could live peacefully together.
Challenges
Malcolm liked Roxbury, the black section of Boston. He got a job as a
shoe shiner at the Roseland State Ballroom and a busboy in a
restaurant. As a teenager, he got a job working as a kitchen helper for
the railroad. Malcolm decided that he did not want to go to high school.
He felt opportunities were limited for blacks, so he moved to Harlem
and began working at Small’s. In 1943, he was eighteen and worked
several different jobs but mainly he was a street hustler who “sold
marijuana, gambled and ran numbers for big-time mobsters”.[4]
Malcolm was known by his friends as “Detroit Red”.
Figure 2 with Caption
Malcolm X – Significant Events in His Life
1925 Malcolm Little birth in Omaha, Nebraska
1931 Earl Little, Malcolm’s father is brutally killed
1939 Louise Little, Malcom’s mother is committed to mental
hospital by state
1940 Malcolm was sent to juvenile home in Mason, Michigan
1941 Malcolm moves to Boston to live with his half-sister, Ella
1943 Moves to New York City
1946Malcolm is sent to prison at Charleston State Prison for burglary
1947-1948 He joins Nation of Islam while in prison
1952 Released from prison on parole and moves to Detroit,
Michigan
1953 Malcolm becomes a minister of the New York Temple Number
Seven
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Eventually, Malcolm was charged with burglary and sentenced to eight
to ten years of at the Charleston State Prison. He began reading a lot and
studied to learn as much as he could. While in prison, his brother,
Reginald “introduced him to the teachings Islam and Elijah
Muhammad’s Nation of Islam”. [2] The Nation of Islam was a political
and religious movement founded by blacks in the thirties. They believed
the blacks should work toward creating a separate nation from whites.
[4]
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-Malcolm X quote about education
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Figure 5 with Caption
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Personal Life
Marriage/Family Life
Malcolm X was born Malcom Little in Omaha, Nebraska and gained
prominence as a religious and political activist for blacks in America as a
member of the Nation of Islam. He followed in the footsteps of his parents by
speaking against racist ideals that oppressed blacks. Malcolm was an excellent
speaker like his father, Earl and used religion to organize blacks. His father
used Christianity and the philosophy of Marcus Garvey to motivate his
community.
Children (If they have any)
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Personal Hobbies
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“Malcolm’s life was about growth, about the intensely changing man that
moved from thievery to honesty, from being a racial separatist to searching for
true brotherhood, and from atheism to Islam” this quote was taken from
Walter Dean Myers.[4] As a result, Malcolm changed and he used his talents
and intellect to affect change. He was a preacher and an organizer. He
attacked racism and vowed to “attain freedom by any means necessary and
with any sacrifice”.[4]
Lastly, Malcolm’s legacy for some will continue to be the Black
Muslim leader that hated whites and America. However, his message evolved
quickly with his exposure to others outside of America and with discovering
the truth about Islam. He saw civil rights for blacks as human rights. And in
the end, Malcolm was “dedicated to spreading the message that the American
white person’s racism needed to be regarded as a human problem and that both
races had the responsibility to correct it”.[2]