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多段階結晶相光異性化反応を利用した
サリチリデンアニリン誘導体の固相フォトクロミズムその場制御
(東工大理)
○澤田健三・関根あき子・植草秀裕
フォトクロミズム
2
λ1 λ2
Abs.
B
A
hv1
hv2 or Δ BA
調光レンズ
UV
熱or可視光
色変化の時間を
制御することができれば
一つの材料における
応用の幅が広がる
フォトクロミズム : 光による可逆的な異性化
光記録媒体
応用例
3
SAPのメリット
発色について
enol
反応速度が速い(ピコ秒オーダー)
合成が簡単
T型フォトクロミック化合物
優れたフォトクロミック特性
cis-keto trans-keto
有機フォトクロミック化合物:サリチリデンアニリン誘導体(SAP)
反応機構について
UV
Vis/Δ
サリチリデンアミノピリジン (SAP)
N
N
水素移動 ペダルモーション
N
N
trans-keto体
enol体の直接観察
4
熱退色速度に関する先行研究
様々な誘導体や多形によって
熱退色速度が異なる
SAP
熱退色について
SAPの熱退色反応について
着色反応
退色反応
SAPの場合
紫外光を照射することで
瞬時に着色
着色体は可視光/熱で
徐々に退色
多形Ⅰ 多形Ⅱ
反応基周囲の変化によることがわかった
SAP SAP
遅 速
SAP
結晶化後に
反応基周囲の
変化を起こし
熱退色を意図的に
制御したい!
光異性化化合物 : コバロキシム錯体
5
コバロキシム錯体とは
δ体-シアノブチルコバロキシム錯体について
X線構造解析による直接観察が可能
Vis
可視光照射による異性化反応
結晶相を保持しながら
α
β
γ
δ
シアノ基
Vis γ β
α
δ体 γ体 α体
α
多段階に反応する可能性がある
α体β体
Vis Visβ
α
β体
本研究の目的
6
γ体 α体
Vis
熱退色速度を
多段階で変化させる
SAP周りの環境を
多段階で変化させる
3,5tertBu SAP
(熱退色部位)
可視光
反応性
紫外光
で着色
δ体-シアノブチル
SAPにδ体-コバロキシム錯体を配位させた新規デュアル異性化錯体
Vis
結晶相 結晶相 結晶相
シアノブチルの異性化を利用し
結晶相の環境を変化させる
本発表の流れ
SAP
(熱退色部位)
δ-シアノブチル
①可視光照射による
シアノブチル異性化
②熱退色速度の変化
7
結果 ~シアノブチルの異性化~
可視光照射時間を変えながら
計9回の測定を行った
δ-シアノブチル
Vis Vis Vis Vis
Vis Vis VisVis
可視光照射50h 100h 150h 200h
250h 300h 450h 500h
①シアノブチル異性化
②SAPの熱退色速度
8
可視光照射前
結晶相を保ちながら
異性化していく様子を観察
可視光照射実験
距離:6cm
波長:λ > 650nm
γ体
α体δ体
δ体 δ体
γ体
δ体
γ体
α体
δ体γ体
α体
δ体γ体
α体
δ体
γ体
α体
δ体γ体
α体
δ体γ体
γ①
γ②
1:α位
2:β位
3:γ位
4:δ位
シアノ基
α
γ①
γ②
δ
δ
結果 ~シアノブチルの多段階異性化~
Vis Vis
①シアノブチル異性化
②SAPの熱退色速度
9
・αが特徴的な異性化
・コバロキシム錯体が結晶相で
2段階以上の異性化をする初めての例
結果 ~シアノブチルの多段階異性化~
可視光照射による、シアノブチルの異性化
可視光照射時間 /時間
占有率/%
(1)可視光照射前
(2)γの反応が進んだ50h
(3)反応収束の300h
で退色速度を比較
α体
γ体
δ体
①シアノブチル異性化
②SAPの熱退色速度
10
50 300 400 500
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 100 200 300
δ体 γ体 α体
結果 ~可視光照射時間を変えた熱退色速度測定~
紫外光照射実験
距離:5cm
照射時間:60秒間
照射後に45分間暗所放置
紫外光照射後経過時間/min.
熱退色進行率/%
①シアノブチル異性化
②SAPの熱退色速度
11
UV光照射前
Wavelength/nm
Abs.
UV光照射前
UV光照射後
Abs.
Wavelength/nm
完全に戻れば
熱退色進行率100%
多段階で熱退色速度
を変化させることに成功
可視光照射時間 / h 0h 50h 300h
熱退色速度 速 遅 速
0
10
20
30
40
0 20 40
可視光照射前
40分で38%の
熱退色が進行
0
10
20
30
40
0 20 40
可視光照射前
可視光 50h 後
熱退色速度が減少
40分で25%の
熱退色が進行
0
10
20
30
40
0 20 40
可視光照射前
可視光 50h 後
可視光 300h 後
40分で40%の
熱退色が進行
熱退色速度が上昇
考察 反応空間について
12
注目する反応基の周囲を、van der Waals半径+
1.2Å(水素のvan der Waals半径)の半径を持つ
球で除いた際に残る閉空間のこと
結晶中における反応基周囲の
空間を、視覚的・定量的に計算可能
trans-keto体
トランス-ケト体 異性化における
分子運動が大きい部分
SAPの局所的な反応空間の大きさが
熱退色速度を変えると推測
enol体の直接観察
考察 ~熱退色速度の変化について~
3.7Å34.5Å3
減少 増加
4.4Å3
SAPの局所的な反応空間変化を調査
熱退色速度減少と
反応空間の大きさが対応
①シアノブチル異性化
②SAPの熱退色速度
13
可視光照射前 可視光50h 可視光300h
可視光照射時間 / h 0h 50h 300h
熱退色速度 速 遅 速
SAPの局所的な部分の
反応空間の大きさ/Å3
4.5 3.7 4.4
可視光照射時間 0h 50h 300h
隣接する分子の距離 大 小 大
考察④ ~シアノブチルの異性化~
14
可視光照射時間 0h 50h 300h
単位胞 体積/ Å3
3590 3550 3576
減少 増加
可視光照射時間 0h 50h 300h
隣接する分子同士の距離 大 小 大
単位胞体積 / Å3
3590 3550 3576
密度/ g/cm3
1.263 1.277 1.268
結晶のパッキング 疎 密 疎
O
b
c 7.7Å 7.9Å
可視光照射50h
9.3Å 8.0Å
可視光照射300h
9.3Å 8.2Å
可視光照射前
まとめ
可視光照射時間 0h 50h 300h
熱退色速度 速 遅 速
結晶のパッキング 疎 密 疎
SAPの局所的な
反応空間 大(4.5Å3) 小(3.7Å3) 大(4.4Å3)
シアノブチルが多段階に異性化
結晶のパッキングが変化
SAPの局所的な反応空間が変化
熱退色速度を多段階で制御

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有機結晶学会_多段階熱退色制御