Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make their way to water.

1. Water Pollution
HAZARDSAND SAFETY MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY
BIRLAINSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MESRA

2. • Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by
substances which make the water unusable for drinking,
cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants
include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of
pollution eventually make their way to water.
• Water pollutants may cause disease or act as poisons.
Water Pollution

3. • Bacteria and parasites in poorly treated sewage may enter
drinking water supplies and cause digestive problems such as
cholera and diarrhea. Hazardous chemicals, pesticides, and
herbicides from industries, farms, homes and golf courses can
cause acute toxicity and immediate death, or chronic toxicity
that can lead to neurological problems or cancers

4. how we can stop water pollution?

5. ❑ Use less water: Clean, fresh water may seem plentiful, but there is a
limited amount available on earth.
• Use water-saving devices on sinks, in toilets, and in showers.
• Take short showers instead of baths. Do not run the water constantly
while brushing your teeth.
• Wash clothes when you have a full load of laundry.
• Only water your lawn and plants when absolutely necessary.

6. ❑ Avoid pouring chemicals down the drain: Use fewer
chemicals and cleaners around the home.
• Not only will you cut down on indoor air pollution, but
also on the amount of chemicals entering the water
system.
• If necessary, use biodegradable cleaners.
• Do not pour oil or other chemicals into the drainage
system on the street.

7. ❑ Have your water checked for lead contamination:
• Many homes have lead pipes or lead around connections
on the pipes which carry water to their homes.
• Since this lead may enter your drinking water and cause
medical problems in young children, you might want to
have the water tested. If lead is present, installing a filter
may solve the problem.

8. ❑ Do not pollute outdoor water sources:
• Do not pour oil or other chemicals into the drainage system on the
street. A little oil can kill many plants and animals.
• Do not use pesticides on lawns, or use only organic ones. Use less
fertilizer, also. All these can enter our water sources.
• Enjoy water for eating, drinking, cleaning, swimming, etc. Just
remember to use it carefully. Do not waste or pollute this limited
precious resource.

9. Types and sources of water pollutants

10. Domestic sewage
• Domestic sewage is the primary source of
pathogens (disease-causing
microorganisms) and putrescible organic
substances.
• Domestic sewage is also a major source
of plant nutrients,mainly nitrates and pho
sphates.
• Excess nitrates and phosphates in water
promote the growth of algae, sometimes
causing unusually dense and rapid
growths known as algal blooms.

11. Solid waste
• The improper disposal of solid waste
is a major source of water pollution.
• Solid waste includes garbage,
rubbish, electronic waste, trash, and
construction and demolition waste,
all of which are generated by
individual, residential, commercial,
institutional, and industrial activities.

12. Toxic waste
• Waste is considered toxic if it
is poisonous, radioactive, explosive, ca
rcinogenic, teratogenic, or bio
accumulative(that is, increasing in
concentration at the higher ends
of food chains)
• Sources of toxic chemicals include
improperly disposed wastewaterfrom
industrial plants and chemical process
facilities(lead, mercury, chromium

13. Petroleum (oil) pollution
• Petroleum (oil) pollution occurs
when oil from roads and parking
lots is carried in surface runoff
into water bodies.
• Accidental oil spills are also a
source of oil pollution—as in the
devastating spills from the
tanker

14. How does water pollution affect aquatic wildlife?
• Sewage can promote algae growth, which can eventually result in eutrophic
“dead zones” where aquatic life cannot survive because of a lack of oxygen.
• Micro plastics are often found in marine wildlife and can become concentrated
in humans who consume seafood because of bio magnification.
• Oil spills, such as the Deep-water Horizon oil spill in 2010, strand and kill
many different marine species.

15. Prevention

16. Prevention
• There are various small changes we can make to protect ourselves
from a scary future where water is scarce.
Save Water: Conserving water is our first aim. Water wastage is a
major problem globally and we are only now waking up to the issue.
Simply small changes you can make domestically will make a huge
difference.
Better treatment of sewage: So treating waste products before
disposing of it in a water body helps reduce water pollution on a large
scale. Agriculture or other industries can reuse this wastewater by
reducing its toxic contents.

17. • Use environmentally friendly products: By using
soluble products that do not go on to become
pollutants, we can reduce the amount of water
pollution caused by a household.

18. HAZARDSAND SAFETY MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY
BIRLAINSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MESRA
Prepared by:
Mr. Santosh Kumar
Mr. Arbaz Karim