Geographic Information System

1. Marathwada Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s
Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies,
Aurangabad
Survey Report
On
Taluka Sports Complex, Paithan
Submitted By
Sandesh Sanjay Bandal (36106)
Sumit Santosh Kolhe (36122)
TY-B
For Continuous Assessment-1 of GIS
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University
Lonere (M.S.)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies,
Aurangabad
(2021- 2022)

2. Google Earth
Google Earth is a unique geo-mapping and tagging program that uses composite imagery to
form a comprehensive, interactive map of the Earth. By stitching together more than a billion
satellite and aerial images, the application provides a versatile tool that allows individuals and
groups to track climate change, discover unknown geographic and ecological features, and
record our history.
This digital cartography tool continues to be a useful resource for governments, private
organizations and individuals who want to track and tag geographic data to myriad ends. By
collecting and curating enormous amounts of data, Google has made it possible for
conservationists to observe the shifting patterns of flora and fauna on a global scale, for
governments to observe the growth of cities worldwide, and for individuals to tell their
personal stories in a unique way.
Google Earth has several countries like the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom
covered to street level, so you can zoom in and view road names and local businesses and get
directions from here to there. The database has a good amount of information on other
regions like Western Europe, India and Japan as well, but the rest of the world is hit or miss.
While you can zoom in and get a pretty good look at the Egyptian pyramids, you can't see
street names or find a grocery store in the area. Google is constantly adding more information
to its databases, though, and the maps are getting better with each update.

3. This brings us to another source of Google Earth's data: the Google search engine. Part of
what makes Google Earth, so addictive is its collaboration with Google search. As you now
know from the "How to Find the Fun Stuff" section, when you're viewing a city, you can
search for coffee shops, restaurants, grocery stores, bars and tons of other businesses in the
vicinity, and you can click on them to get detailed information from the Google search
engine. Users can also add a business location to a map by clicking on "Add/Edit a Business
Listing" in the Google Earth toolbar.
A geographic information system (GIS) is a framework for gathering, managing, and
analysing data. Rooted in the science of geography, GIS integrates many types of data. It
analyses spatial location and organizes layers of information into visualizations using maps
and 3D scenes. With this unique capability, GIS reveals deeper insights into data, such as
patterns, relationships, and situations—helping users make smarter decisions.
A geographical information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing,
checking, integrating, manipulating, analysing and displaying data related to positions on the
Earth's surface. It is thus a way of linking databases with maps, to display information,
perform spatial analyses or develop and apply spatial models.
How does GIS work?
GIS technology applies geographic science with tools for understanding and collaboration. It
helps people reach a common goal: to gain actionable intelligence from all types of data.
GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created
searches), analyse spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these
operations. GIS (more commonly GIScience) sometimes refers to geographic information
science (GIScience), the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems.
Since the mid-1980s, geographic information systems have become valuable tool used to
support a variety of city and regional planning functions.
TECHNOLOGY
Modern GIS technologies use digital information, for which various digitized data creation
methods are used. The most common method of data creation is digitization, where a hard
copy map or survey plan is transferred into a digital medium through the use of a CAD
program, and geo-referencing capabilities. With the wide availability of ortho-rectified
imagery (from satellites, aircraft, Helikites and UAVs), heads-up digitizing is becoming the
main avenue through which geographic data is extracted. Heads-up digitizing involves the
tracing of geographic data directly on top of the aerial imagery instead of by the traditional
method of tracing the geographic form on a separate digitizing tablet (heads-down digitizing).
Geoprocessing is a GIS operation used to manipulate spatial data. A typical geoprocessing
operation takes an input dataset, performs an operation on that dataset, and returns the result
of the operation as an output dataset. Common geoprocessing operations include geographic
feature overlay, feature selection and analysis, topology processing, raster processing, and

4. data conversion. Geoprocessing allows for definition, management, and analysis of
information used to form decisions.
Many different types of information can be compared and contrasted using GIS. The system
can include data about people, such as population, income, or education level. It can include
information about the landscape, such as the location of streams, different kinds of
vegetation, and different kinds of soil. It can include information about the sites of factories,
farms, and schools, or storm drains, roads, and electric power lines.
With GIS technology, people can compare the locations of different things in order to
discover how they relate to each other. For example, using GIS, a single map could include
sites that produce pollution, such as factories, and sites that are sensitive to pollution, such as
wetlands and rivers. Such a map would help people determine where water supplies are most
at risk.
GIS Maps
Once all the desired data have been entered into a GIS system, they can be combined to
produce a wide variety of individual maps, depending on which data layers are included. One
of the most common uses of GIS technology involves comparing natural features with human
activity.
For instance, GIS maps can display what man-made features are near certain natural features,
such as which homes and businesses are in areas prone to flooding.
GIS technology also allows users to “dig deep” in a specific area with many kinds of
information. Maps of a single city or neighbourhood can relate such information as average
income, book sales, or voting patterns. Any GIS data layer can be added or subtracted to the
same map.
GIS maps can be used to show information about numbers and density. For example, GIS can
show how many doctors there are in a neighbourhood compared with the area’s population.
With GIS technology, researchers can also look at change over time. They can use satellite
data to study topics such as the advance and retreat of ice cover in polar regions, and how that
coverage has changed through time. A police precinct might study changes in crime data to
help determine where to assign officers.

5. INTRODUCTION
Taluka Sports Complex, Paithan. Complex area was founded in 2007 with an aim to fulfil the
Sports activity needs in the society. Core values of the organization are quality, professionalism
and sportsman spirit. It has increased the fitness ratio of people who have access to this
organization. It has also been a location to celebrate sports day as we can carry many activities,
competitions such as tennis, cricket, football, badminton, boxing, squash, athletics, gymnastics,
etc.
The Sports Complex has several sports divisions such as:
1) Tennis
2) Football
3) Gymnastic
4) Boxing
5) Squash
6) Cricket

6. Longitude and Latitude: -
1) Total Land Area: 1.48 Acres
Google Earth: -
Points Latitude Longitude
P1 19°28'44"N 75°22'45"E
P2 19°28'47"N 75°22'48"E
P3 19°28'44"N 75°22'52"E
P4 19°28'42"N 75°22'46"E

7. Actual Location: -
Points Latitude Longitude
P1 19°28'45"N 75°22'45"E
P2 19°28'47"N 75°22'48"E
P3 19°28'44"N 75°22'51"E
P4 19°28'42"N 75°22'46"E
Snapshots of Measurement by Compass:
P1 P2

8. P3 P4
Difference:
Points Latitude Longitude
P1 2.22m NIL
P2 NIL NIL
P3 NIL NIL
P4 NIL 2.22m
In point P1 (top-right), there is a difference in Latitude value is of 0 0 3 N & 0 0 1 E in
Longitude in Google earth and actual values. Similarly, in point P4 (bottom-right) 0 0 2 N & 0
0 4 E, in C (bottom-left) 0 0 3 N & 0 0 2 E are the differences in between values located by
google earth and actual values of Latitude and Longitude values.

9. Conclusion: -
There is a slight difference in latitudes and longitudes when calculated from Google Earth or
other Mapping services and the values obtained after physically tracing the area.