Status in terms of water and sanitation of some of the oldest refugee camp in Gaza. The slides have not been converted properly. Some labels are superimposed and on top of others. Furthermore, most of them have got animations...it’s a pity since the whole presentation can’t be appreciated properly.

1. MSc Water, Energy & the Environment
SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Palestinian refugee conditions associated with
intestinal parasites and diarrhoea:
Nuseirat refugee camp as a case study
(T.A. Abu Mourad, 2004)
Sergio Arenas Gayoso

2. Nuseirat location – Research aim
Objective:
• Socioeconomic-demographic,
• Environmental health
• Hygiene conditions
Method:
1625 households were surveyed

3. The most prominent environmental issues
 Common drainage of sewage disposal: 70% 3/10
 Not-having a flush-toilet: 60% 6/10
 Existence of a shower: 90% 1/10
 Municipality is the main source of drinking water supply: 99% ≃100
 The source of drinking water is directly from the tap: 80% 2/10
 Cleaning periodically of water-storage tanks: 60% 4/10
 Availability of full-day water supply inside the house: 55% 4-5/10
 Dumping the rubbish in the rubbish containers: 60% 3/10
Prevalence of intestinal parasites – diarrhoea; P < 0.001

4. Hygiene conditions observed
Three-point observation scale
(%); n = 1625
Hygiene conditions
Poor Moderate Good
*Much *Little *None
Cleanliness of the home 16.4 59.3 24.3
Personal cleanliness
adults/children
11.4 57.7 30.9
(hand washing/take a
shower)
Rubbish inside/around
17 54.6 28.4
the house
*Presence of mosquitoes
13.7 67.3 19
inside/outside the house
Prevalence of intestinal parasites – diarrhoea; P < 0.05 & P < 0.01

5. Why?
 What should be some basic water and sanitation
infrastructures
 What are the basic water and sanitation infrastructures in
this camp
 How many people haven’t got water and sanitation
infrastructures in this camp
 How people should manage them
 How people actually manage them
 Which two things are the most important to manage in
order to prevent intestinal parasites and diarrhoea
 How important is health education in order to prevent
diseases like diarrhoea
EXTRAPOLATE?