theory of afaf melase & kramar's model of reality shock

1. wi
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2. REALITY SHOCK & ROLE
TRANSITION
N/C Sana Sultan
N/C Saira Riaz

3. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation the learner will
be able to:
 Define transition & role
 Elaborate the role components
 Define role conflict & its types
 Describe the types of role transition
 Explain Transitions theory of Afaf Meleis
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4. OBJECTIVES Contd…
 Define reality shock
 Discuss Kramer's model for reality shock
 Describe practical steps to ease the
transition from learners to professional
nurses
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5. Role
“A role is a set of expectations society assumes a
person in a certain position or occupation will
perform”
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6. Transition
“A movement, development, or evolution from one
form, stage, or style to another”
(From
Dictionary)
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7. Role Transition
“The psychological (and, where relevant, physical)
movement between roles, including disengagement
from one role (role exit) and engagement in another”
(Ashforth Kreiner and Fugate,2000)
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8. Role Components
Advocate
Counselor
Educator
Change
Agent
Role Model
Leader Researcher
Communicat
or
Mentor
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9. Role Conflict
“Role conflict occurs when a person’s role has two
or more conflicting or incompatible expectations”
Types:
 Intrapersonal Conflict
 Interpersonal Conflict
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10. Types Contd…
Intrapersonal Conflict:
A student who struggles to meet school
responsibilities & other social obligations.
Interpersonal Conflict:
A doctor’s requesting a nurse to perform a
procedure in a manner contrary to a
facility’s policy.
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11. Types of Transitions
Developmental
Health &
Illness
Situational
Organizational
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12. Types of Transitions Contd…
Developmental Transition:
Includes birth, adolescence, menopause, aging, and
death
Health And Illness Transitions:
Include recovery process, hospital discharge, and
diagnosis of chronic illness
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13. Types
Contd…
Situational Transitions:
Involve the addition or subtractions of persons in a
preexisting constellations of role and complements.
(e.g loss of family member through death)
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14. Types
Contd…
4.Organizational Transitions
Changing environmental
conditions that affect the
lives of clients, as well
as workers within them
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18. Reality Shock
‘‘The reactions of new workers when they find
themselves in a work situation for which they have
spent several years preparing, for which they thought
they were going to be prepared, and then suddenly
find they are not”
(By Kramer,1974)
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19. Causes of Reality Shock
Unrealistic expectations
Feel unsure without the security of the
instructor
Education program did not adequately
prepare
Do not have time & adequate knowledge
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20. Phases of Reality Shock
 Honeymoon phase
 Shock phase
 Recovery phase
 Resolution phase
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21. Phases of Reality Shock Contd…
Honeymoon phase:
Period of excitement and seeing the world
through ‘rose colored glasses’
Tips:
 Develop initial bonds of trust and respect
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22. Phases of Reality Shock Contd…
Shock phase:
Negative feelings towards their new profession
surfaces
Tips:
 Finding a mentor for guidance
 Taking care of yourself physically and
emotionally
Developing a support network
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23. Phases of Reality Shock
Contd…
Recovery Phase:
Able to look at all sides and see the realities
with a more open perspective
Tips:
 Receive constructive criticism
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24. Phases of Reality Shock Contd…
Resolution phase:
Usually take around a year. Person can see
the role in perspective and fully contributes
to the profession
Tips:
 Continually help them retain the positive
aspects of their job
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25. Transitioning From Student Nurse to
Professional Nurse
 Lack of confidence to perform skills
 Difficulty with critical thinking and gaining
knowledge
 Developing relationships with peers and
preceptors
 Struggling with wanting to be independent right
out of the gate
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26. Transitioning From Student
Nurse to Professional Nurse
 Frustrations with the work environment
 Organization and priority setting
 Communication with Physicians
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27. Strategies to Prevent reality
shock
Develop relationships with
your co-workers
Find someone who knows
what you are going through
Share your experiences
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28. Solution for reality shock
Theoretic
knowledge
Self-
awareness
Delegation
Documentati
on
Communicatio
n skill
Use nursing
process
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30. References
 Retrieved from
https://workfamily.sas.upenn.edu/glossary/r/r
ole-transitions-definitions on 14th Sep, 2017
 Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23
0638439_Final-
year_student_nurses'_perceptions_of_role_tr
ansition on 15th Sep, 2017
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31. References Contd…
 Retrieved from
https://uiowa.edu/ionrp/article/reality-shock-
new-graduate-nurses-part-1on 19th Sep, 2017
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