2. What is Nanotechnology?
• The manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized
from 1 to 100 nanometers.
• One nanometer (nm) is one billionth, or 10−9, of a meter.
• By comparison, typical carbon-carbon bond lengths, or the
spacing between these atoms in a molecule, are in the
range0.12–0.15 nm, and a DNA double-helix has a diameter
around 2 nm.
• On the other hand, the smallest cellular life-forms, the bacteria
of the genus Mycoplasma, are around 200 nm in length.
3. • Yes, size does really matter
because right now we are
dealing with nano scale
instruments.
• Nano scale products are
being used in every place
and every industry.
4. Branches of Nanotechnology
• Electronics
• Cosmetics
• Communication
• Robotics
• Photonics
• Solar Energy
• Medicine
• And many more……..
5. In Electronics
Nano-electronics holds some answers for
how we might increase the capabilities of
electronics devices while we reduce their
weight and power consumption.
Improving display screens on electronics
devices.
Increasing the density of memory chips.
Reducing the size of transistors used in
integrated circuits.
Cadmium selenide nanocrystals deposited
on plastic sheets
6. In Cosmetics
• Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are the
main ingredients.
• Solid lipid nanoparticles and
nanostructured lipid carriers, can replace
liposomes and niosomes.
• With encapsulation techniques, newer
structures can provide better hydration of
skin, stability of the agent, bioavailability
and controlled occlusion.
• Also, nanocrystals, nanoemulsions and
dendrimers are being investigated for
further application in the cosmetic
industry.
7. In Communication
• Recently, it has been suggested that
graphene nanoelectromechanical (NEMS)
resonators could be used as tuneable
resonators for radio circuits.
• Innovative nano-enabled sensors integrated
with small RF transceivers can be utilized
for monitoring soil, air quality or water
pollution.
• The main drivers for the use of
nanotechnology in wireless devices are high
performance, lower power consumption and
compact size and novel features.
8. In Photonics
• NanoResearchers have investigated a
variety of nanophotonic techniques to
intensify light in the optimal locations
within a solar cell.
• If a given amount of light energy is
squeezed into a smaller and smaller
volume ("hot-spot"), the intensity in
the hot-spot gets larger and larger.
9. In Medicine
• Nano-medicine is the medical application
of nanotechnology.
• Current problems for Nano-medicine
involve understanding the issues related
to toxicity and environmental
impact of Nano-scale materials.
• Nano-medicine seeks to deliver a valuable
set of research tools and clinically useful
devices in the near future.
• Global funding for emerging
nanotechnology increased by 45% per
year in recent years, with product sales
exceeding $1 trillion in 2013.
10. In Robotics
• Nanorobotics is an emerging
technology field creating machines
or robots which components are at or
near the scale of a nanometre.
• Nanomachines are largely in
the research and development phase but
some primitive molecular
machines and nanomotors have been
tested.
• An example is a sensor having a switch
approximately 1.5 nanometers across,
able to count specific molecules in a
chemical sample.
