2. Page 2
• Why Urban humanitarian discussion on WASH and EFSVL?
• How WASH and EFSVL would look like in in case of Urban
response?
3. Page 3
Why Urban Humanitarian ?????
• The 2010 Haiti Earthquake made the challenges presented by Urban Disaster Impossible for any
one to ignore
• It forced the humanitarian sectors to question many standards , practices and assumptions
• There are important details that make the disaster response different in cities
The things we know about rural crises don't apply in urban contexts...
Higher political density, Politically active citizen and more access to information
Communities are defined by more than where they live
huge Infrastructure
More skills in the population
Government is closer physically and more connected politically
Exhibit visible and often extreme disparities in income and wealth
Determining beneficiaries for humanitarian programs is particularly difficult
Difficult to discern the boundaries between humanitarian and development in urban areas
Finding solutions for those displaced or otherwise affected by emergencies may not be more
difficult in urban than rural settings, but it involves a unique set of challenges.
Often conflict situations and natural disasters converge in cities
6. Page 6
Urban agglomerations by size class and
potential risk of multiple natural disasters,
2025
• Since 2007-08 more than 50% are urban; by 2030 60%
• Global trend is changing the crisis landscape- vulnerability, and humanitarian need
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization
Prospects, the 2011 Revision.
7. Page 7
In 2013 Asia recorded 156 disasters, that
affecting 86.9 million individuals in Asia (80% of total
world victims)
By 2050 Asia could, account for
more than half of global Gross
Domestic Product (GDP), trade
and investment, and enjoy
widespread affluence.
Asia is still home to over two-thirds of
the world’s poor
Asia’s economic growth has lifted
millions of people out of poverty, its
benefits have not spread equally.
Only nine countries in the
Asia Pacific regional are still
classified as LDCs, More
MIC’s
By 2025, the majority of Asia’s
population will be urban, by 2030
-7 out of 10 urbanite will be from
Asia, 2050 , 63 % of world urban
population will be from Asia
.
2015, 22 cities with populations over 10
million. 17 will be in developing
countries, 13 in the Asia
9. Page 9
The Paradigm Shift….
1. Household to Neighborhood based approach
Fewer household level production system
Interconnected water and sanitation infrastructure
2. Urban Livelihoods and governance
Focus is on to earn money
Regulatory barriers
3. The Importance of Cash and Market
Market as driver of economic recovery
Private Sector
4. Use of Smart Technology
Mobile phone, Banks , total innovations
5. Women at the centre of humanitarian interventions
10. Page 10
Some questions for deliberations
• How WASH would look like in in case of Urban response?
• How EFSVL would look like in in case of Urban response?
• What are the main challenges to the Urban preparedness and
response work for WASH and EFSVL?
• What are the main opportunities to the Urban preparedness
and response work for WASH and EFSVL?
• What Capacity, Skill and Competencies are needed to
respond to urban humanitarian challenges in context of
WASH and EFSVL?
Editor's Notes
Mark
According to UN, the world’s population first became more urban than rural between 2007- 2008 with more than 50% living in urban areas. Much of the increase in urban population over the coming years will in less developed regions, because of natural population and rural to urban migration.
We are going to live more and more in a world of ‘diffuse power’. The monopoly of the state will be diminished. Non-state and private actors will play an increased role. Cities’ governance will become a major challenge. By 2030 more than 60 percent of the global population will live in cities, and most of it will be concentrated in megacities. This will particularly be the case In Asia. This global trend is radically changing the crisis landscape, both in terms of vulnerability and humanitarian need. These cities will be new centers of governance and economic well-being, and hence they will constitute new centers of power. And these new centers of urbanization, when coupled with rapid demographic growth, may become a recipe for natural as well as human made disasters.
Cities are increasingly faced with significant risk of disasters, including extreme weather events, earthquakes and epidemics. Such natural hazards are increasingly likely to trigger additional, man-made hazards such as fire in overcrowded settlements or technological disasters, as with Japan’s ‘triple crisis’ of 2011. Compounding this urban risk, we are also witnessing increasing vulnerability in cities. Nearly 1.5bn people live in informal settlements and slums without access to adequate health care, water and sanitation. Disasters often strike in contexts marked by chronic poverty or high levels of political or criminal violence.
