6. What is
micropropagation
Micropropagation is the growing of plants from
meristematic tissue or somatic cells of superior plants
on nutrient suitable media under controlled aseptic
physical conditions.
6
7. What is
micropropagation
Micropropagation is the growing of plants from
meristematic tissue or somatic cells of superior plants
on nutrient suitable media under controlled aseptic
physical conditions.
7
11. Major flower production belt
Ornamental plants growing area
Bangladesh District map
9
Fig. 2: Flower Market Development in Bangladesh
Md. Reza Ahmed Khan, Assistant Chief, DAM
12. Different flowers comes to,
Agargaon and Shahbagh
2-3 lakh taka/ per day
Major flower production belt
Ornamental plants growing area
Bangladesh District map
4000
retail
shops of
flowers
40% in
Dhaka
25% in
Chittagong
and Sylhet
10% in
other
district
towns
Nusrat, 2012
9
Fig. 2: Flower Market Development in Bangladesh
Md. Reza Ahmed Khan, Assistant Chief, DAM
43. Different stages of
tissue culture
26
Fig.5: Stages of tissue culture
Stage-l
Stage-ll
Stage-lV
Stage-0
Stage-lll
44. Germplasm storage
Embryo rescue
Ovule and ovary cultures
Callus and protoplast culture
Protoplasmic fusion
In vitro screening
Multiplication
Development of superior
cultivars
27
59. Elimination of viruses
Plant from the field
Pre-growth in the greenhouse
‘Virus-free’ Plants
Heat treatment
35oC / months
Active
growth
Meristem culture
Micropropagation cycle
Virus testing
Adventitious
Shoot
formation
59
62. Micro propagation applications
Rapid increase of
stock of new
varieties
Elimination of
diseases
Cloning of plant types not
easily propagated by
conventional methods
Propagules have
enhanced growth
features
62
63. Limitation:
Initial set up is very expensive
High cost of laboratory materials
Somaclonal variation
Lack of expertise
Contamination
3863
64. Limitation:
Initial set up is very expensive
High cost of laboratory materials
Somaclonal variation
Lack of expertise
Contamination
Cost will be minimize
after few years of
commercial production
3864
65. Limitation:
Initial set up is very expensive
High cost of laboratory materials
Somaclonal variation
Lack of expertise
Contamination
Cost will be minimize
after few years of
commercial production
Enrich germplasm
collection
Increase variety
3865
66. Limitation:
Initial set up is very expensive
High cost of laboratory materials
Somaclonal variation
Lack of expertise
Contamination
Cost will be minimize
after few years of
commercial production
Enrich germplasm
collection
Increase variety
38
Can be trained up by using
foreign collaboration
66
67. Conclusion:
Few types of flower
-with few cultivar
Cause dependency about propagating
material
Introduce new type of flower and
propagating material
Propagation of elite variety
3967
68. Recommendation
Strengthen the research capabilities to help
develop new, improved varieties
Introduce new varieties from similar
growing ecologies and test their
performance and adoptability
Organize its multiplication at DAE , for
making them available to farmers.
Government should take initiative to build
tissue culture lab in every district
4068
71. Somaclonal Variation
Variation found in somatic cells dividing mitotically in culture
A general phenomenon of all plant regeneration systems that
involve a callus phase
Variation in trait(s) generated by use of a tissue-culture cycle
Genetic variations in plants that have been produced by plant
tissue culture and can be detected as genetic or phenotypic traits
Two general types of Somaclonal Variation:
– Heritable, genetic changes (alter the DNA)
– Stable, but non-heritable changes (alter gene expression,
epigenetic)
71
72. Genetic (Heritable Variations)
•Pre-existing variations in the somatic cells of explant
•Caused by mutations and other DNA changes
•Occur at high frequency
•Variations generated during tissue culture
•Caused by temporary phenotypic changes
•Occur at low frequency
Epigenetic
(Non-heritable Variations)
72
74. 1. Change in chromosome number
2. Change in chromosome structure
3. Gene Mutation
4. Extrachomosomal gene mutation
5. Transposable element activation
6. DNA sequence
Genetic Cause
74
75. Change in DNA
Detection of altered fragment size by using
Restriction enzyme
Change in Protein
Loss or gain in protein band
Alteration in level of specific protein
Methylation of DNA
Methylation inactivates transcription
process
DNA sequence
75
76. Advantages of Somaclonal Variations
• Help in crop improvement
• Creation of additional genetic varitaions
• Increased and improved production of
secondary metabolites
• Selection of plants resistant to various toxins,
herbicides, high salt concentration and mineral
toxicity
• Suitable for breeding of perrenial species
76
92. • Plant tissue is grown in nutrient dishes
under laboratory conditions
• Tissue with cell division function used –
growing tips
• A high volume of small plants can be
produced in a short space of time
• High production cost
Micro-propagation
http://manoa.hawaii.edu
http://dbtmicropropagation.nic.in
92
93. • Sexual – seed
• Pollination of female flowers/flower
parts
• New plants may vary from parents –
not identical
• Opportunity to raise new plant
cultivars/varieties
• Vegetative – using plant parts – not
seed
• Leaf, stem, root, shoot, bud, tubers,
bulbs...
• Identical to parent plant
• Used to retain specific plant
characteristics
Types of Propagation
www.rhs.org.uk
93
94. What is Propagation?
A method of producing new plants.
In commercial horticulture it is a specialised sector that includes seed breeders, young plant
nurseries and a wide range of suppliers.
Knowing how to propagate or manage young plants is essential for all horticultural businesses.
94
95. • Most common horticultural methods are
seed or cuttings
• Other methods include grafting, budding,
division and micro-propagation.
Methods of Propagation
www.floraculture.eu
www.bordnamonahorticulture.ie
95
