Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to Ryan Long - Diet as Medicine - BY 418.pptx
Similar to Ryan Long - Diet as Medicine - BY 418.pptx (20)
More from RyanLong78
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Ryan Long - Diet as Medicine - BY 418.pptx
- 1. Diet as Medicine: Plant-based nutrition Ryan Long BY 456 Medical Botany
- 2. Outline CVD – why it’s an issue The state of medicine Mechanisms of action: cholesterol -> CVD How can plants help? Conclusion
- 5. The state of medicine Overprescribing Bribing of doctors, corruption = overmedication = opioid crisis Search if your doctor is taking money from drug companies: https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov/ More palliative than curative The best medicine is preventative – who wants a disease in the first place? Enter: diet as medicine
- 7. Industry-funded confusion? Some studies will measure fasting cholesterol (chol.) levels 12 h after consumption Result: it looks like dietary chol. doesn’t raise plasma chol. Heart attack chances are increased 2 hours after chol. laden meals The cholesterol plateau If you eat a chol.-rich diet, additional diet chol. won’t change serum chol,. much Using this one can easily make a study suggesting diet chol. doesn’t raise chol. in the blood Cholesterol in blood for 7 hours: 5 meals w/ dif. cholesterol amounts (Dubois 1994) 280 mg/dL = about a two-egg omelet (Hopkins 1992)
- 8. More Industry Baloney The egg industry launched a secret two-year war against a vegan mayonnaise competitor https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-egg- board-investigation-20161007-snap- story.html How big government helps big dairy sell milk https://www.vox.com/2016/5/2/11565698/bi g-government-helps-big-dairy-sell-milk The Politics of Meat: A look at the meat industry’s influence on Capitol Hill https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/ shows/meat/politics/
- 9. Cholesterol • Cholesterols are prone to oxidation, forming oxysterols, which have “cytotoxic, mutagenic, atherogenic, and possibly carcinogenic” effects (Valenzuela, 2003). • Oxidation causes injury • Immune response begins with release of platelets, • They stick to the artery & clump up (Ross, 1977). • This normally heals arterial lesions, but not if it’s the product of chronic injury • Macrophages are also recruited • Eat lipoproteins (LDL) and form “foam cells” (Moore, 2013) • Lack of negative feedback = engorged macrophages = compromised immune response • Form unstable necrotic cores – may lead to blood clots • Cholesterol also crystallizes (Duewell, 2010) • Pointy crystals cause plaque rupture & incite inflammation Heavy in antioxidants, inh oxidation No dietary sources of cholesterol – less LDL in Foam cells don’t develo crystallization less like Foam cell
- 10. Time to ruin eggs… What about the “good” HDL? - Eggs raise LDL far more than HDL HDL & CVD: correlation =/= causation Cholesterol in 2 large eggs: 374mg (Sources include: USDA) Lean ground beef: 78mg (per 100g) Chinook salmon: 85 mg (per 100g) So egg bad? Yes. RL
- 11. Other harmful substances in animal products Saturated fat Heme iron Feces – e coli outbreaks Lactose Estrogens
- 12. HOW WILL IT ALL END?
- 13. What the end may actually look like. Environmentalism as medicine. Patient: Earth
- 14. Conclusion Reduce or eliminate animal product consumption to… Improve health outcomes CVD Cancer Type 2 Diabetes BMI Microbiome health Alzheimer’s, dementia, Fibromyalgia, acne, etc. Save the planet And reduce harm But how? Start with one plant-based day a week Get informed: (see resources on last slide) RL
- 15. Conclusion (in the words of Neal Barnard): “The consumption of animal products exposes humans to saturated fat, cholesterol, lactose, estrogens, and pathogenic microorganisms, while displacing fiber, complex carbohydrates, antioxidants, and other components needed for health. In the process, consumption of animal products increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and other disorders. This dietary pattern also promotes the growth of unhealthful gut bacteria, fostering, among other things, the production of trimethylamine N-oxide, a proinflammatory compound associated with cardiovascular and neurological diseases. “ Am J Clin Nutr 2020;112:926–930. (Barnard 2020)
- 16. Literature cited 1. Barnard, Neal D, and Frédéric Leroy. “Children and Adults Should Avoid Consuming Animal Products to Reduce Risk for Chronic Disease: Yes.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 112, no. 4, 2020, pp. 926–930. 2. Dubois, C, et al. “Effects of Increasing Amounts of Dietary Cholesterol on Postprandial Lipemia and Lipoproteins in Human Subjects.” Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 35, no. 11, 1994, pp. 1993–2007., doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39946-6. 3. Hopkins, P.. “Effects of dietary cholesterol on serum cholesterol: a meta-analysis and review.” The American journal of clinical nutrition 55 6 (1992): 1060-70 . 4. Valenzuela A, Sanhueza J, Nieto S. Cholesterol oxidation: health hazard and the role of antioxidants in prevention. Biol Res. 2003;36(3-4):291-302.
- 17. Questions?
- 18. Resources if you’re interested in eating more plants: To track calories, macronutrients, & micronutrients Free apps: chronometer & MyFitnessPal Helpful YouTube channels: - Mic The Vegan - Simnett Nutrition - Happy Healthy Vegan - Earthling Ed Documentaries Links: Nutrition: https://nutritionfacts.org/ Recipes: https://minimalistbaker.com/recipe-index/ The video that made me go vegan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5hGQDLprA8 More Resources: https://www.nomeatathlete.com/podcast/radio-105/
Editor's Notes
- I think we all know that whenever there are billions of dollars at play, there is also a lot of corruption and behind the scenes stuff. If you would like to see if your doctor is taking money from drug companies, feel free to download this PowerPoint and use open payments data.gov. Some doctors can receive in excess of $200,00 a year, and in exchange for these nice payments and occasional nice dinners, doctors prescribe drugs when otherwise they might not. This leads to overmedication and the current opioid crisis we find ourselves in. Now the state is not just overprescribing, it is also overly palliative. We talked about that in this class – this is when you focus on alleviation of symptoms, and it can be really important for terminal illnesses or complex diseases where we can improve quality of life. However, for things like CVD, where there are known causes and reversal treatments, doctors tend to prescribe statins and other drugs that address only symptoms and not the underlying disease. So we don’t see doctors prescribing nutrition plans or workout regimens because, correct me if I’m wrong, but you don’t training in nutrition to become a doctor – which seems pretty backwards when diet and lifestyle along with genetic predispositions are the greatest predictors of disease and health. Why aren’t they prescribing the best things we can do to cut our chances of dying from the two leading killers CVD and cancer – being active and eating right? Well hardly anyone knows what eating right really is.
- Here we have most of the well-studied metabolic pathways in animal cells from the Kreb’s & urea cycles to glycolysis and fat oxidation. Basically, this is nutrition in a nutshell – complex organic chemistry and figuring out how chemically intricate foods like an orange are broken down, transported, and reincorporated into the body. So how do you turn an apple into a pair of biceps? It’s terribly complex and there is still so much we don’t know – the state of nutrition science is a bit of a mess and people often use that uncertainty and outdated or industry funded studies to come to whatever conclusions are most palatable or profitable. In the media there is so much confusion and misleading nonsense about nutrition, health, and fitness. It’s quite disgusting, and the only thing you can do to separate truth from fiction is to get informed through the scientific literature, and there is a very steep learning curve.
- Cholesterols are highly prone to oxidation and form oxysterols, which are harmful to living cells, cause mutations, induce atherosclerosis, and may contribute to cancer. This oxidation causes damage to artery walls. Immune response starts off with platelets – these are the blood bits that stop up a scab. So they clump up and form a scab on the inside of your artery. Normally this heals the lesion, but it gets more complicated if the injury is the product of chronic damage and when there is a lot of cholesterol in the blood.
- So cholesterol is kind of a nebulous concept. We can’t SEE cholesterol, so let’s connect it to a popular food very high in cholesterol – eggs.