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Sejarah peradaban awal dunia
- 1. SEJARAH PERADABAN AWAL DUNIA K.D. 3.11 DAN 4.11 Oleh Rizal Maulana S.Pd.
- 2. APA ITU PERADABAN? Menurut Para Ahli PERADABAN adalah kumpulan sebuah identitas terluas dari seluruh hasil budi daya manusia, yang mencakup seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia baik fisik (misalnya bangunan, jalan), maupun non-fisik (nilai-nilai, tatanan, seni budaya maupun iptek), yang teridentifikasi melalui unsur 1 2 Peradaban berasal dari bahasa latin yaitu civitas yang artinya “kota”. Dalam bahasa Inggris di istilahkan sebagai civilization
- 3. PERADABAN MESOPOTAMIA (5000-300SM) Peradaban Mesopotamia berkembang di tanah pertanian yang subut diantara sungai Eufrat dan Tigris di wilayah Asia Barat ( sekarang Irak dan, Suriah dan Iran). Kondisi sosial politik Mesopotamia terdiri dari berbagai bangsa: Sumeria (5300-2300SM), Akkadia (2330-2215M), Guti(2115- 2050SM), Elam, Amori(1900-1500SM),Asyur (1235-698SM), Khaldea (605-5 SM), Persia (539-330 SM), dan Makedonia (Yunani) 330-332SM
- 4. Struktur Sosial Masyarakat Mesopotamia Imam-Raja Pedagang Petani, Peternak dan Pemburu Budak
- 5. Sistem Kepercayaan Mesopotamia • Totemisme • Antropomorfisme • Politeisme • Negara agama • Menyembah pemimpin negara
- 6. Hasil Kebudayaan Mesopotamia Tulisan Kuneiform Seni dan Arsitektur Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Hukum
- 7. PERADABAN MESIR KUNO (3100-27 SM) Peradaban ini berpusat di sepanjang sungai Nil dengan panjang 6.400km. Fase kepemimpinan peradaban ini antara lain: Pradinasti(3100-3050 SM), Dinasti Awal ( 3050-2686 SM), Kerajaan Lama( 2686-2181 SM), Kerajaan Pertama ( 2181-1991SM) , Kerajaan, Pertengahan (2134-1690 SM), Menengah Kedua dan Hyksos (1674-1549 SM) , Kerajaan Baru(1549-1069 SM), Menengah Ketiga (1069-653 SM), Akhir (672-332 SM), dan Dinasti Prolemeus (332-30 SM) dan Dominasi Romawi (30 SM- 300 masehi)
- 8. Fir’aun digunakan sebagai gelar raja Mesir Kuno sejak pemerintahan Thutnose III, secara harfiah berarti “rumah besar” . Fir’aun menjadi simbol kekuasaan raja- raja mesir kuno karena dianggap sebagai keturunan dewa. Jenazah fir’aun diawetkan menjadi mumi
- 9. Peristiwa penting peradaban mesir kuno • 3050-an SM, Mesir bersatu di bawah kekuasaan satu firaun. • 3000-an SM, Tulisan Hieroglif muncul. • 2650-an SM, Mulai muncul penyembahan terhadap Dewa Ra. • 2465-an SM, Piramida dan sphinx di Giza selesai dibuat. • 305-30 SM, Yunani memerintah Mesir dan memindahkan ibu kota le Alexandria. • 30 SM, Mesir menjadi bagian dari Kekaisaran Romawi.
- 10. Stuktur masyarakat Mesir Kuno 1. Firaun diyakini sebagai tuhan 2. Wazir adalah penasihat firaun 3. Bangsawan 4. Imam bertugas membuat para dewa senang 5. Juru tulis 6. Tentara 7. Tukang atau tenaga kerja terampil 8. Petani 9. Budak
- 11. 1 4 2 3
Editor's Notes
- You can use this slide as your opening or closing slide. Should you choose to use it as a closing, make sure you review the main points of your presentation. One creative way to do that is by adding animations to the various graphics on a slide. This slide has 4 different graphics, and, when you view the slideshow, you will see that you can click to reveal the next graphic. Similarly, as you review the main topics in your presentation, you may want each point to show up when you are addressing that topic. Add animation to images and graphics: Select your image or graphic. Click on the Animations tab. Choose from the options. The animation for this slide is “Split”. The drop-down menu in the Animation section gives even more animations you can use. If you have multiple graphics or images, you will see a number appear next to it that notes the order of the animations. Note: You will want to choose the animations carefully. You do not want to make your audience dizzy from your presentation.
- When conducting research, it is easy to go to one source: Wikipedia. However, you need to include a variety of sources in your research. Consider the following sources: Who can I interview to get more information on the topic? Is the topic current and will it be relevant to my audience? What articles, blogs, and magazines may have something related to my topic? Is there a YouTube video on the topic? If so, what is it about? What images can I find related to the topic?
- You can use this slide as your opening or closing slide. Should you choose to use it as a closing, make sure you review the main points of your presentation. One creative way to do that is by adding animations to the various graphics on a slide. This slide has 4 different graphics, and, when you view the slideshow, you will see that you can click to reveal the next graphic. Similarly, as you review the main topics in your presentation, you may want each point to show up when you are addressing that topic. Add animation to images and graphics: Select your image or graphic. Click on the Animations tab. Choose from the options. The animation for this slide is “Split”. The drop-down menu in the Animation section gives even more animations you can use. If you have multiple graphics or images, you will see a number appear next to it that notes the order of the animations. Note: You will want to choose the animations carefully. You do not want to make your audience dizzy from your presentation.
- Now, that you have narrowed your topic, you will want to organize your research in a structure that works. There are some common organizational patterns based on the kind of research you are doing. Organizational Structures: Cause and Effect- this kind of structure is great for explaining the causes and effects of a topic Compare and Contrast- in this pattern you highlight the similarities and differences of the topic Explain process- this structure is great for outlining a series of steps to follow; Definition- if you want to make sure your audience understands what something is using illustrations, meanings, clarifying misconceptions, you may want to use this structure Classification- a common organizational structure is grouping like topics or facts from the research together. For instance, in the internet safety about social media apps, you may organize the research where you look at each social media app one at a time
- After consulting a variety of sources, you will need to narrow your topic. For example, the topic of internet safety is huge, but you could narrow that topic to include internet safety in regards to social media apps that teenagers are using heavily. A topic like that is more specific and will be relevant to your peers. Some questions to think about to help you narrow your topic: What topics of the research interest me the most? What topics of the research will interest my audience the most? What topics will the audience find more engaging? Shocking? Inspiring?