2. 1.WHAT DOES CLOVER MEAN BY 'FEMALE
VICTIM-HERO'?
What Clover means by this is because the female character is treated like
the victim of the movie, because of this the audience sympathises with
her. When she then fights back she's looked at as the hero even if she too
has become a monster. An example of this is Carries character from
Carrie (1976) because she is bullied and treated badly through of the first
half of the movie from monstrous schoolmates and her mother she is
the victim of the move. However once find out she has powers and
become a monster herself we root for her as a hero. Making her become
a female victim-hero.
3. 2.WHY DOES CLOVER SAYTHAT MALES RELATE
TOTHE FEMALES IN HORROR FILMS, IN
PARTICULAR,THE 'FINAL GIRL'?
Clover says “male views are quite prepared to identify
not just with screen females, but with screen females
in the horror-film world” in other words the ‘final girl’ .
This because in these horror films the female victim-
hero is usually under threat from a male monster.
Examples Halloween-Michel Myers, Nightmare on elm
street-Freddie Krueger and Friday the 13th-Jason.
Males don’t want to identify with the monstrous
murdering male creatures and would much rather
relate to the hero of the movie even if that hero
happens to be a female, where in horror it most likely
is.
4. 3.WHY DOES CLOVER SUGGESTTHAT
HORROR RESEARCH IS PROBLEMATIC?
The reason clover suggest research in this manner on
horror and its audiences is due to the amount of analysis
compared to the audiences ofTV.This is down to the
issue that most horror films are produced independently,
this means they are made less on the audience statistics.
However, research has also been carried out that shows
the most common audiences of horror being young
makes both by themselves or in groups as well as young
males and females in the age group of middle aged both
again alone or in a group.
5. 4.WHO DOES CLOVER SUGGEST MAKES-
UPTHETYPICAL HORROR AUDIENCE?
Clover said there was different groups of people that makes up the typical horror
audience.There are young men, usually in groups but occasionally solo; male-
female couples of various ages (however mostly young); solo “rogue males” (older
men of ominous appearance) and adolescent girls, like the males usually in groups
but not alone.This can vary from subgenre to subgenre and the more mainstream
the movie the more normal the audience it is following the typical horror
audience. However over all subgenres males views remain consistent, making
boys the target for horror.
6. 5.WASTHERE PARITY BETWEEN HORROR AUDIENCES
IN REGARDSTOTHOSEWHOWATCHED HORROR
FILMSATTHE CINEMA ANDTHOSEWHOWATCHED
THEM AT HOMETHROUGH RENTALS?
During Clovers research on the horror audiences she
saw colorations amongst who watched horror films and
home through the method of rentals and those who
viewed them at cinemas. It linked back to the research
mentioned before meaning young males still bulked up
most of the audience. She also found out that nearly all
of the audiences of both genders were under the age of
25 with a few exceptions. Clover also states that the
person who actually goes and physically rents out the
horror isn’t necessarily the only viewer or even a watcher
at all witch puts some of this research in a tricky place
when determining truly actuate results.
7. 6.WHAT ARETHETWOWAYS IDENTIFIED BY
CLOVER IN WHICH AUDIENCES IDENTIFY WITH
CHARACTERS?
Clover states that there are two possible ways an audience is able to identify with a character on
screen.This can be done with first – primary identification, this is done through the use of camera
angles and techniques to cause the audience to look for face value physical traits to identify with.
The second is secondary identification – with the characters empathetic choices. Clover also
states that identification can be personally constructed through the viewers own psyche (e.g.
the sadistic monster and masochistic victim). Carol proposes that primary identification carries
more weight out of the two.This is because of the wat its significant in the way it connects
characters, an example theory that can back this is Mulvey’s ‘Male Gaze’Theory see throughout
cinema history in the construction if various characters.