TOPIC: INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF PHARMACOGNOSY CONTENT .INTRODUCTION .HISTORY INTRODUCTION Pharmacognosy is the study of plants and other natural substances as possible sources of drugs. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs, drug substances, or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources" All plants produce chemical compounds as part of their normal metabolic activities. These phytochemicals are divided into (1) primary metabolites such as sugars and fats, which are found in all plants; and (2) secondary metabolites—compounds which are found in a smaller range of plants, serving more specific functions. Pharmacognosy can be defined as branch of science which involves detail study of drugs obtained from natural origin including name, habitat, collection, cultivation, macroscopy, microscopy, physical properties, chemical constituents, therapeutic actions, uses and adulterants. For example, some secondary metabolites are toxins used by plants to deter predation and others are pheromones used to attract insects for pollination. The word pharmacognosy is derived from two words, pharmakon means medicine (drug) gignosco means to acquire knowledge of something. Prof. John Schimidt coined the term pharmacognosy in his book Lehrbuch der Materia Medica. Earlier subject was known as ‘Materiamedica.’ It includes systematic study of crude drugs from nature. Study of pharmacognosy includes the history, distribution, cultivation, collection, processing and preservation. It also includes the study of physical, chemical and structural characters and the safe uses of crude drugs. It includes systematic study of crude drugs from nature. Study of pharmacognosy includes the history, distribution, cultivation, collection, processing and preservation. It also includes the study of physical, chemical and structural characters and the safe uses of crude drugs. HISTORY Hippocrates (460-377 BC) “The Father of Medicine.” Dioscorides (40-80 AD) “De MateriaMedica” (600 medicinal plants).” The era of European exploration (16th and 17th century) 9.The 18th century, Pharmacognosy: oJohann Adam (1759-1809) :surgeon and ophthalmologist" In 1811 his Lehrbuch der MateriaMedica was published, which was a work on medicinal plants and their properties. Linnaeus (naming and classifying plants). At the end of the 18th century, crude drugs were still being used as powders, simple extracts, or tinctures. The era of pure compounds (In 1803, a new era in the history of medicine) Isolation of morphine from opium. In the 19th century, the chemical structures of many of the isolated compounds were determined In the 20th century, the discovery of important drugs from the animal kingdom, particularly hormones and vitamins. microorganisms have become a very important source of drug

1. TOPIC: INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF
PHARMACOGNOSY
Rita yadav
Assistant Professor
SPS
IFTM University, Lodhipur, Moradabad

2. CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY

3. INTRODUCTION
• Pharmacognosy can be defined as branch of
science which involves detail study of drugs
obtained from natural origin including name,
habitat, collection, cultivation, macroscopy,
microscopy, physical properties, chemical
constituents, therapeutic actions, uses and
adulterants.

4. INTRODUCTION
• The word pharmacognosy is derived from two
words, pharmakon means medicine (drug)
• gignosco means to acquire knowledge of
something.
• Prof. John Schimidt coined the term
pharmacognosy in his book Lehrbuch der
Materia Medica. Earlier subject was known as
‘Materiamedica.’

5. INTRODUCTION
• It includes systematic study of crude drugs
from nature.
• Study of pharmacognosy includes the history,
distribution, cultivation, collection, processing
and preservation.
• It also includes the study of physical, chemical
and structural characters and the safe uses of
crude drugs.

6. HISTORY
• Hippocrates (460-377 BC) “The Father of
Medicine.”
• Dioscorides (40-80 AD) “De MateriaMedica”
(600 medicinal plants).
• ”8.The era of European exploration (16th and
17th century) 9.The 18th century,
• Pharmacognosy: oJohann Adam (1759-1809)
:surgeon and ophthalmologist"

7. HISTORY
• In 1811 his Lehrbuch der MateriaMedica was
published, which was a work on medicinal
plants and their properties.
• Linnaeus (naming and classifying plants).
• At the end of the 18th century, crude drugs
were still being used as powders, simple
extracts, or tinctures.

8. HISTORY
• The era of pure compounds (In 1803, a new era in
the history of medicine) Isolation of morphine
from opium.
• In the 19th century, the chemical structures of
many of the isolated compounds were
determined
• In the 20th century, the discovery of important
drugs from the animal kingdom, particularly
hormones and vitamins.
• microorganisms have become a very important
source of drugs