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The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

1

2

3

4

Past

5

6

7

8

Future

9

10

11

12

14

15

16

Conditional 13

© Ricardo Forner 2009
ACTIVE VOICE
PRESENT TENSES :
1. PRESENT SIMPLE:
You read a book
You don’t read a letter
Do you read a book?

He reads a book
He doesn’t read a letter
Does he read a letter?

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS:

You are reading a book
You are not reading a letter
Are you reading a book?

He is reading a book
He is not reading a letter
Is he reading a letter?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
PRESENT TENSES :
3. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE:
You have read a book

You haven’t read a letter
Have you read a book?

He has read a book
He hasn’t read a letter
Has he read a book?

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

You have been reading
You haven’t been reading
Have you been reading?

He has been reading
He hasn’t been reading
Has he been reading?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

He reads

He is reading

He has read

He has been
reading

Past

5

6

7

8

Future

9

10

11

12

14

15

16

Conditional 13

© Ricardo Forner 2009
PAST TENSES :
1. PAST SIMPLE:

You read a book
You didn’t read a letter
Did you read a book?

He watched a film
He didn’t watch a film
Did he watch a film?

2. PAST CONTINUOUS:
You were reading a book
You weren’t reading a book
Were you reading a book

He was watching a film
He wasn’t watching a film
Was he watching a film?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
PAST TENSES :
3. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:

You had read a book
You hadn’t read a letter
Had you read a book?

He had watched a film
He hadn’t watched a film
Had he watched a film?

4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
You had been reading
You hadn’t been reading
Had you been reading?

He had been watching
He hadn’t been watching
Had he been watching?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

He reads

He is reading

He has read

He has been
reading

Past

He read

He was
reading

He had read

He had been
reading

Future

9

10

11

12

14

15

16

Conditional 13

© Ricardo Forner 2009
FUTURE TENSES :
1. FUTURE SIMPLE:

You will read a book
You won’t read a letter
Will you read a book?

He will watch a film
He won’t watch a film
Will he watch a film?

2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS:
You will be reading a book
You won’t be reading a book
Will you be reading a book?

He will be watching a film
He won’t be watching a film
Will he be watching a film?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
FUTURE TENSES :
3. FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE:
You will have read

You won’t have read

Will you have read 
?

He will have watched 

He won’t have watched 

Will he have watched 
 ?

4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
You will have been reading
You won’t have been reading
Will you have been reading?

He will have been watching
He won’t have been watching
Will he have been watching?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

He reads

He is reading

He has read

He has been
reading

Past

He read

He was
reading

He had read

He had been
reading

Future

He will read

He will be
reading

He will have
read

He will have
been reading

14

15

16

Conditional 13

© Ricardo Forner 2009
CONDITIONAL TENSES :
1. CONDITIONAL SIMPLE:

You would read a book
You wouldn’t read a letter
Would you read a book?

He would watch a film
He wouldn’t watch a film
Would he watch a film?

2. CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS:
You would be reading a book
You wouldn’t be reading a book
Would you be reading a book?

He would be watching a film
He wouldn’t be watching a film

Would he be watching a film?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
CONDITIONAL TENSES :
3. CONDITIONAL PERFECT SIMPLE:
You would have read

You wouldn’t have read

Would you have read 
?

He would have watched 

He wouldn’t have watched
Would he have watched 


4. CONDITIONAL PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
You would have been reading
You wouldn’t have been reading
Would you have been reading?

He would have been watching
He wouldn’t have been watching
Would he have been watching?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

He reads

He is reading

He has read

He has been
reading

Past

He read

He was
reading

He had read

He had been
reading

Future

He will read

He will be
reading

He will have
read

He will have
been reading

Conditional

He would
read

He would be
reading

He would
have read

He would
have been
reading

© Ricardo Forner 2009
PASSIVE VOICE
PRESENT TENSES :
1. PRESENT SIMPLE:
The film is watched
The film isn’t watched
Is the film watched?

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
The film is being watched
The film isn’t being watched
Is the film being watched?
© Ricardo Forner 2009
PRESENT TENSES :
3. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE:
The film has been watched
The film hasn’t been watched
Has the film been watched?

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
The film has been being watched

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Present

Continuous

It is watched It was
watched

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

It has been
watched

It has been
being
watched

Past
Future
Conditional

© Ricardo Forner 2009
PAST TENSES :

1. PAST SIMPLE:
The film was watched
The film wasn’t watched
Was the film watched?

2. PAST CONTINUOUS:
The film was being watched
The film wasn’t being watched
Was the film being watched?
© Ricardo Forner 2009
PAST TENSES :
3. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:
The film had been watched
The film hadn’t been watched
Had the film been watched?

4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
The film had been being watched

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

It is watched It is being
watched

It has been
watched

It has been
being
watched

Past

It was
watched

It had been
watched

It had been
being
watched

It was being
watched

Future
Conditional

© Ricardo Forner 2009
FUTURE TENSES :

1. FUTURE SIMPLE:
The film will be watched
The film won’t be watched
Will the film be watched?

2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS:
The film will be being watched
The film won’t be being watched
Will the film be being watched?
© Ricardo Forner 2009
FUTURE TENSES :
3. FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE:
The film will have been watched
The film won’t have been watched
Will the film have been watched?

4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
The film will have been being watched

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

It is watched It is being
watched

It has been
watched

It has been
being
watched

Past

It was
watched

It was being
watched

It had been
watched

It had been
being
watched

Future

It will be
watched

It will be
being
watched

It will have
It will have
been watched been being
watched

Conditional

© Ricardo Forner 2009
CONDITIONAL TENSES :

1. CONDITIONAL SIMPLE:
The film would be watched
The film wouldn’t be watched
Would the film be watched?

2. CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS:
The film would be being watched
The film wouldn’t be being watched
Would the film be being watched?
© Ricardo Forner 2009
CONDITIONAL TENSES :
3. CONDITIONAL PERFECT SIMPLE:
The film would have been watched
The film wouldn’t have been watched
Would the film have been watched?

4. CONDITIONAL PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
The film would have been being watched

© Ricardo Forner 2009
The verbal system
Simple

Continuous

Perfect
simple

Perfect
continuous

Present

It is watched It is being
watched

It has been
watched

It has been
being
watched

Past

It was
watched

It was being
watched

It had been
watched

It had been
being
watched

Future

It will be
watched

It will be
being
watched

It will have
It will have
been watched been being
watched

Conditional

It would be
watched

It would be
being
watched

It would have It would have
been watched been being
watched

© Ricardo Forner 2009
“OJALA
” + SUBJUNTIVO
1. Ojala pasara, llegara, viniera
. ( a wish )

I WISH / IF ONLY + Past simple.
I wish she won the match
2. Ojala parara, llegara, acabara
 ( a complaint )
I WISH / IF ONLY + WOULD
.
I wish he would stop making that noise
3. Ojala hubiera parado, pasado, acabado

I WISH / IF ONLY + HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE
.
I wish he had come to the party.

© Ricardo Forner 2009
Translate these sentences:

1.

El ha estado bailando durante dos horas.
He has been dancing for two hours.

2.

Nosotros no habĂ­amos comido todavĂ­a.
We hadn’t eaten yet.

3.

Cuando yo entré, ella se estaba duchando.
When I came in, she was having a shower.

4.

Me gustarĂ­a vivir en NY.
I would like to live in NY.

5.

ÂżMe ayudarĂĄs a fregar los platos?
Will you help me wash up?

© Ricardo Forner 2009
6. HabrĂ­a llegado a tiempo si el coche no se hubiera averiado.
I would have been on time if the car hadn’t broken down,
7. El tren ha sido retrasado de nuevo.
The train has been delayed again.
8. El cuadro habĂ­a sido robado dos veces.
The picture had been stolen twice.
9. Al final del año, la película habrå sido vista por mucha gente.
At the end of the year, the film will have been seen by lots of people.
10. Ojala ya hubiera terminado mi trabajo.
I wish I had already finished my work.

© Ricardo Forner 2009

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The Verbal System RF

  • 2. ACTIVE VOICE PRESENT TENSES : 1. PRESENT SIMPLE: You read a book You don’t read a letter Do you read a book? He reads a book He doesn’t read a letter Does he read a letter? 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS: You are reading a book You are not reading a letter Are you reading a book? He is reading a book He is not reading a letter Is he reading a letter? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 3. PRESENT TENSES : 3. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE: You have read a book You haven’t read a letter Have you read a book? He has read a book He hasn’t read a letter Has he read a book? 4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS: You have been reading You haven’t been reading Have you been reading? He has been reading He hasn’t been reading Has he been reading? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 4. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present He reads He is reading He has read He has been reading Past 5 6 7 8 Future 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 Conditional 13 © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 5. PAST TENSES : 1. PAST SIMPLE: You read a book You didn’t read a letter Did you read a book? He watched a film He didn’t watch a film Did he watch a film? 2. PAST CONTINUOUS: You were reading a book You weren’t reading a book Were you reading a book He was watching a film He wasn’t watching a film Was he watching a film? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 6. PAST TENSES : 3. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE: You had read a book You hadn’t read a letter Had you read a book? He had watched a film He hadn’t watched a film Had he watched a film? 4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS: You had been reading You hadn’t been reading Had you been reading? He had been watching He hadn’t been watching Had he been watching? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 7. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present He reads He is reading He has read He has been reading Past He read He was reading He had read He had been reading Future 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 Conditional 13 © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 8. FUTURE TENSES : 1. FUTURE SIMPLE: You will read a book You won’t read a letter Will you read a book? He will watch a film He won’t watch a film Will he watch a film? 2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: You will be reading a book You won’t be reading a book Will you be reading a book? He will be watching a film He won’t be watching a film Will he be watching a film? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 9. FUTURE TENSES : 3. FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE: You will have read
 You won’t have read
 Will you have read 
? He will have watched 
 He won’t have watched 
 Will he have watched 
 ? 4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS: You will have been reading You won’t have been reading Will you have been reading? He will have been watching He won’t have been watching Will he have been watching? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 10. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present He reads He is reading He has read He has been reading Past He read He was reading He had read He had been reading Future He will read He will be reading He will have read He will have been reading 14 15 16 Conditional 13 © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 11. CONDITIONAL TENSES : 1. CONDITIONAL SIMPLE: You would read a book You wouldn’t read a letter Would you read a book? He would watch a film He wouldn’t watch a film Would he watch a film? 2. CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS: You would be reading a book You wouldn’t be reading a book Would you be reading a book? He would be watching a film He wouldn’t be watching a film Would he be watching a film? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 12. CONDITIONAL TENSES : 3. CONDITIONAL PERFECT SIMPLE: You would have read
 You wouldn’t have read
 Would you have read 
? He would have watched 
 He wouldn’t have watched Would he have watched 
 4. CONDITIONAL PERFECT CONTINUOUS: You would have been reading You wouldn’t have been reading Would you have been reading? He would have been watching He wouldn’t have been watching Would he have been watching? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 13. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present He reads He is reading He has read He has been reading Past He read He was reading He had read He had been reading Future He will read He will be reading He will have read He will have been reading Conditional He would read He would be reading He would have read He would have been reading © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 14. PASSIVE VOICE PRESENT TENSES : 1. PRESENT SIMPLE: The film is watched The film isn’t watched Is the film watched? 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS: The film is being watched The film isn’t being watched Is the film being watched? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 15. PRESENT TENSES : 3. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE: The film has been watched The film hasn’t been watched Has the film been watched? 4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS: The film has been being watched © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 16. The verbal system Simple Present Continuous It is watched It was watched Perfect simple Perfect continuous It has been watched It has been being watched Past Future Conditional © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 17. PAST TENSES : 1. PAST SIMPLE: The film was watched The film wasn’t watched Was the film watched? 2. PAST CONTINUOUS: The film was being watched The film wasn’t being watched Was the film being watched? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 18. PAST TENSES : 3. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE: The film had been watched The film hadn’t been watched Had the film been watched? 4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS: The film had been being watched © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 19. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present It is watched It is being watched It has been watched It has been being watched Past It was watched It had been watched It had been being watched It was being watched Future Conditional © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 20. FUTURE TENSES : 1. FUTURE SIMPLE: The film will be watched The film won’t be watched Will the film be watched? 2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: The film will be being watched The film won’t be being watched Will the film be being watched? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 21. FUTURE TENSES : 3. FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE: The film will have been watched The film won’t have been watched Will the film have been watched? 4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS: The film will have been being watched © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 22. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present It is watched It is being watched It has been watched It has been being watched Past It was watched It was being watched It had been watched It had been being watched Future It will be watched It will be being watched It will have It will have been watched been being watched Conditional © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 23. CONDITIONAL TENSES : 1. CONDITIONAL SIMPLE: The film would be watched The film wouldn’t be watched Would the film be watched? 2. CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS: The film would be being watched The film wouldn’t be being watched Would the film be being watched? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 24. CONDITIONAL TENSES : 3. CONDITIONAL PERFECT SIMPLE: The film would have been watched The film wouldn’t have been watched Would the film have been watched? 4. CONDITIONAL PERFECT CONTINUOUS: The film would have been being watched © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 25. The verbal system Simple Continuous Perfect simple Perfect continuous Present It is watched It is being watched It has been watched It has been being watched Past It was watched It was being watched It had been watched It had been being watched Future It will be watched It will be being watched It will have It will have been watched been being watched Conditional It would be watched It would be being watched It would have It would have been watched been being watched © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 26. “OJALA
” + SUBJUNTIVO 1. Ojala pasara, llegara, viniera
. ( a wish ) I WISH / IF ONLY + Past simple. I wish she won the match 2. Ojala parara, llegara, acabara
 ( a complaint ) I WISH / IF ONLY + WOULD
. I wish he would stop making that noise 3. Ojala hubiera parado, pasado, acabado
 I WISH / IF ONLY + HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE
. I wish he had come to the party. © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 27. Translate these sentences: 1. El ha estado bailando durante dos horas. He has been dancing for two hours. 2. Nosotros no habĂ­amos comido todavĂ­a. We hadn’t eaten yet. 3. Cuando yo entrĂ©, ella se estaba duchando. When I came in, she was having a shower. 4. Me gustarĂ­a vivir en NY. I would like to live in NY. 5. ÂżMe ayudarĂĄs a fregar los platos? Will you help me wash up? © Ricardo Forner 2009
  • 28. 6. HabrĂ­a llegado a tiempo si el coche no se hubiera averiado. I would have been on time if the car hadn’t broken down, 7. El tren ha sido retrasado de nuevo. The train has been delayed again. 8. El cuadro habĂ­a sido robado dos veces. The picture had been stolen twice. 9. Al final del año, la pelĂ­cula habrĂĄ sido vista por mucha gente. At the end of the year, the film will have been seen by lots of people. 10. Ojala ya hubiera terminado mi trabajo. I wish I had already finished my work. © Ricardo Forner 2009