The document categorizes projects based on several factors: 1) Scope and significance - national, social, or international projects 2) Level of technology - conventional, non-conventional, or high-tech 3) Size and scale - small, medium, or large projects based on resources, team size, deliverables, complexity, and timeframes. 4) Purpose - balanced, maintenance, modernization, diversification, or R&D projects 5) Ownership and control - public sector, private sector, or joint sector projects 6) Speed of implementation - normal, crash, or disaster projects based on capital costs and timelines.

1. Types of

2. Scope and
significance
National
project
Social project
International
project
Level of
technology
Conventional
technology
Non
conventional
High tech
Low
investment
Size and scale
large
small
medium
purpose
Balanced
projects
Maintenance
projects
Modernization
project
diversification
R & D
project
Ownership and
control
Public sector
Private sector
Joint sector
Speed of
implementation
normal
crash
disaster
Classification of
project

3. On the basis of scope and significance
National project- project undertaken either by the government itself or
assigned to private entrepreneur in a country.
The purpose of such project is growth and development of economy, removal of
poverty, employment or increasing standard of living.
eg- railway project, dams, canals, bridges etc
 Social projects- social projects as by its name are to provide service/facilities
to the population of country.
eg-Health care services, hospital etc
Education and sanitation facilities
Housing facilities, electrifications, roads
International projects- the projects which are undertaken by the foreign
investors by establishing branches of their own unit.
These are in the form of MNC’s and joint venture

4. ON THE BASIS OF LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY
Conventional technology project- these are the projects which use well
established and known technology in the continuous process. eg- steel,
cement
Non-conventional technology- Such kinds of projects apply if not the
latest at least contemporary mode technology e.g. projects using cranes i.e.
a mechanical way of lifting.
High tech projects- in this type of projects huge investment are made on
the technology. eg- space projects, nuclear power, projects.
Low investment technology – these type of projects demand low
investment in the technology. eg- for producing soaps and household
utilities etc.

5. LOGO
On the basis of size and scale of operations
5
The Projects are
categorized as
Large, Medium
and Small on the
basis of the
following:
1 Total financial resources available
2 Number of team members involved
3 Number and size of deliverables to be produced
4 Complexity of deliverables to be produced
5 Timeframes involved in delivery

6. LOGO
Large
Project
Medium
Project
Small
Project
Project
size
6
Small scale project- which can be
completed in 1 yr to 2 yr and require
investment below 5 crore
Medium scale project- in which time
required for completion is 2 to 5 years
and require investment ranging from 5
to 10 crore
Large scale- in which time required
for completion is 5 to 10 years and
require investment over and above 100
crore

7. On the basis of purpose
Balanced project- these projects are undertaken to cope with change in
supply side of economies of factor of production, to eliminate the under
utilization of actual capacities and enhance efficiency.
Maintenance projects- the objective of these project is to upkeep the
existing plant and machinery. These projects involve overhauling the
machinery, repairs, and patching up activities at regular intervals.
Modernization project- modernization of old plant and equipments is
required to cope up with dynamic environment.
Diversification projects- when the enterprise decided to produce new
products or services to enter into new geographical area.
R & D projects- such type of project meant to develop new products and
process which would improve the technological standing of the company

8. On the basis of ownership
Public sector- projects which are fully owned and controlled by the gov
are called public sector projects. e.g., extracting minerals.
Private sector- projects which are fully owned and controlled by the
private individual are called private sector projects.
Joint sector- projects which are run and controlled by both government
and private individuals are called joint sector projects

9. On the basis of implementation
• Normal projects- require minimum capital cost and all the phases are
allowed to take the time they should normally take.
• Crash projects- in this type of project additional capital is incurred to save
the time. Maximum overlapping of phases is encouraged.
• Disaster projects- in this type of project , naturally capital cost will go up
but project time will get drastically reduced.