3. ON THE BASIS OF SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE
National project- project undertaken either by the gov itself or assigned to private
entrepreneur in a country.
The purpose of such project is growth and development of economy, removal of
poverty, employment or increasing standard of living.
eg- railway project, dams, canals, bridges etc
Social projects- social projects as by its name are to provide service/facilities
to the population of country.
eg-Health care services, hospital etc , Education and sanitation facilities,
Housing facilities, electrifications, roads
International projects- the projects which are undertaken by the foreign
investors by establishing branches of their own unit.
These are in the form of MNC’s and joint venture 3
4. BASIS OF LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY
Conventional technology project- these are the projects which use well established
and known technology in the continuous process. eg- steel, cement
Non-conventional technology- such type of project apply not the latest but at least
contemporary mode of technology. eg- project using cranes
High tech projects- in this type of projects huge investment are made on the
technology. eg- space projects, nuclear power, projects.
Low investment technology – these type of projects demand low investment in
the technology. eg- for producing soaps and household utilities etc.
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5. BASIS OF SIZE AND SCALE OF OPERATIONS
Small scale project- which can be completed in 1 yr to 2 yr and require
investment below 5 crore
Medium scale project- in which time required for completion is 2 to 5 years
and require investment ranging from 5 to 10 crore
Large scale- in which time required for completion is 5 to 10 years and
require investment over and above 100 crore
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6. BASIS OF PURPOSE
Balanced project- these projects are undertaken to cope with change in supply
side of economies of factor of production, to eliminate the under utilization of actual
capacities and enhance efficiency.
Maintenance projects- the objective of these project is to upkeep the existing plant
and machinery.
Modernization project- modernization of old plant and equipments is required to
cope up with dynamic environment.
Diversification projects- when the enterprise decided to produce new products or
services to enter into new geographical area.
R & D projects- such type of project meant to develop new products and process
which would improve the technological standing of the company
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7. BASIS OF OWNERSHIP
Public sector- projects which are fully owned and controlled by the government
are called public sector projects.
Private sector- projects which are fully owned and controlled by the private
individual are called private sector projects.
Joint sector- projects which are run and controlled by both gov and private
individual are called joint sector projects
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9. BASIS OF IMPLEMENTATION
• Normal projects- require minimum capital cost and all the phases are
allowed to take the time they should normally take.
• Crash projects- in this type of project additional capital is incurred to
save the time. Maximum overlapping of phases is encouraged.
• Disaster projects- in this type of project , naturally capital cost will go
up but project time will get drastically reduced.
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