3. INTRODUTION
What is a hybrid? A hybrid vehicle combines any two power
(energy) sources. Possible combinations include
diesel/electric, gasoline/fly wheel, and fuel cell (FC)/battery.
Typically, one energy source is storage, and the other is
conversion of a fuel to energy. The combination of two
power sources may support two separate propulsion
systems. Thus to be a True hybrid, the vehicle must have at
least two modes of propulsion.
4. INTRODUTION
•These two power sources may be paired in series, meaning that the gas engine charges the
batteries of an electric motor that powers the car, or in parallel, with both mechanisms driving
the car directly
•HYBRID means combination of two. VIZ. I.C. Engine and Electric Motor. Hybrid Electric
Vehicles (HEV’s) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV’s)
5. TIMELINE
1839, First electric vehicle
1890-1910 Significant improvement in battery technology (lead acid, nickel iron)
1997, the first modern hybrid electric car, the Toyota Prius, was sold in Japan
1999 Honda Insinght released in US
2000, Toyota Prius available in US
2002, Honda Civic introduced
2004, Toyota Prius II introduced, Ford Escape Hybrid introduced
6. SCOPE
Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more economical than on
the highway.
Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
Emissions are greatly decreased.
Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as well.
Concern for environment is increasing among people.
Accept the auto mobile challenges according to road and load
High Productivity
7. TYPES OF HYBRID
PARALLEL HYBRID
Gasoline motor
Batteries which powers an electric motor
Both can power the transmission at the same time
Electric motor supplements the gasoline
SERIES HYBRID
Gasoline motor turns a generator
Generator may either charge the batteries or power an electric motor that drives
the transmission
At low speeds is powered only by the electric motor
8. REGENERATIVE BRAKING
A regenerative brake is an energy recovery mechanism
Converts Kinetic energy into Electrical form.
While braking, it absorbs 80% of kinetic energy.
9. ADVANTAGES
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
FINACIAL BENEFIT
LESS FUEL CONSUMPTION
REGENERATIVE BRAKE SYSTEM
LIGHT WEIGHT MATERIAL
COMPACT DESIGN
AUTOMATIC START AND STOP
LESS BIO-FUELS
10. CONCLUSION
Due to the proliferation of hybrid vehicles on the road today, responders must be
familiar with how these vehicles operate, and how to handle an emergency which
involves one of these vehicles.
Additionally, responders must stay up-to-date with current vehicle technology, as it is
continuously changing.