salt

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EXPT . NO. 1
DATE: PAGE NO: 1
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE GIVEN SIMPLE INORGANIC SALT - 2
Aim: To identify the anion and cation present in the given simple salt by performing suitable tests.
Step – I Preliminary tests for cations and anions
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Colour
The colour of the given salt is noted.
Blue May be Copper (Cu2+
).
2.Solubility test
A Pinch of salt is made into solution
with Water
Soluble May be Cl-
, Br-
, I-
, (SO4)2-
, NO3
-
,
(PO4)3-
, (C2O4)2
-, CH3COO-
or
ammonium carbonate.
3. Action of heat
A pinch of salt (dry) is strongly heated in
a dry boiling test tube.
Blue salt turns white May be copper.
4. Flame test
A pinch of salt is made into a paste with
Conc.HCI acid in a watch glass and
introduced into the non-luminous part of
Bunsen flame using loop holder.
Bluish Green flame Presence of Copper.
BLACK TRIMAX
PEN
BLACK TRIMAX PEN
BLUE TRIMAX
PEN
BLACK TRIMAX PEN
BLACK TRIMAX
PEN
BLUE TRIMAX
PEN
BLUE TRIMAX
PEN

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5. Ash test
A filter paper is soaked into a
mixture of given salt solution and Cobalt
Nitrate solution and introduced into Bunsen
flame and ignited.
No characteristic coloured ash Absence of
Al3+
, Zn2+
and Mg2+
.
6. Action of Sodium Hydroxide
To 1 ml of salt solution NaOH is added and
heated.
No characteristic changes Absence of Ammonium (NH4)+
.
Step – II. Identification of Anions (Acid Radical)
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Action of dilute sulphuric acid
To 1 ml of salt solution dilute Sulphuric acid
is added.
No characteristic changes Absence of Carbonate, sulphide
and Acetate.
2a. Action of Conc. sulphuric acid
To 1ml of salt solution conc. Sulphuric acid is
added and heated.
No characteristic changes Absence of chloride, bromide,
iodide, nitrate and oxalate.
3. Action of Manganese dioxide.
To 0.1 g of salt, a pinch of manganese dioxide
and conc. Sulphuric acid are added and
heated.
No characteristic changes Absence of Chloride, Bromide
and lodide.
4. Copper turnings test:
A small quantity of the salt is heated with
Copper turnings and conc. Sulphuric acid.
No reddish brown vapours Absence of Nitrate.

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5. Chromyl Chloride test
To pinch of salt Potassium
Dichromate and conc. Sulphuric acid are
added and heated.
No characteristic changes Absence of Chloride.
6.Ammonium Molybdate Test
To 1 ml of salt solution conc. Nitric acid is
added and heated strongly until fume ceases.
Then Ammonium Molybdate is added.
No Canary yellow precipitate Absence of Phosphate.
7. Ethyl Acetate Test
To 1 ml of the salt solution,
Conc. Sulphuric acid is added and heated.
Then the mixture is poured into a
beaker with excess sodium Carbonate
solution.
No pleasant fruity smell of ester Absence of Acetate.
8. Barium Chloride Test
To a few drops of the salt solution or extract,
dil. HCl and Barium Chloride soluble are
added.
White Precipitate Presence of sulphate.

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CONFIMATORY TEST FOR ANION
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Sulphate – Barium Chloride Test
To a few drops of the salt solution, barium
chloride solution was added.
A White Precipitate which was
insoluble in dil. HCl was formed.
Presence of Sulphate (SO4
2-
) is
confirmed.
TEST FOR CATIONS (Basic Radical)
Cation Group analysis ( Group Separation)
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Group I:
To a few drops of salt solution, dil.HCI is
added.
No white precipitate was obtained.
Absence of lead (Pb2+
)
(1st
group)
Group II:
To a few drops of salt solution, dil.HCI and
yellow ammonium sulphide were added.
A Black precipitate (CuS) was
obtained.
Presence of Copper (Cu2+
)
(2nd
group)

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CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CATION
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Copper
To a few drops of salt solution, dil. nitric acid,
and aqueous ammonia solution were added. A blue colour solution was obtained.
Presence of Copper (Cu2+
)
is Confirmed
To a few drops of the salt solution, potassium
ferrocyanide solution was added drop wise.
A chocolate brown solution was
obtained.
Presence of Copper (Cu2+
)
is Confirmed
RESULT
The given salt contains
Basic Radical is Copper (Cu2+
)
Acid Radical is Sulphate (SO4
2-
)
Therefore, the given salt is Copper Sulphate (CuSO4)