Explains basics of digital electronics and basics of communication as well as analog Data, Digital Data

1. Encoding
&
Decoding
Purva Katkar

2. Encoding and decoding
analog and digital
signals

3. Encoding involves converting data
from its original form into another
form for transmission. Decoding is
the reverseprocess.

4. Analog data is represented by
using continuous variable physical
quantities, suchasvoltages.

5. For example, awatch that displays
the time by hands moving
smoothly around the clock face is
an analog device.

6. Most natural events in the real
world, suchastemperature, light
and pressure, are in analogform.

7. For example, adigital clock shows
the time asacertain number of
hours and minutes.
Digital data is represented in
the form of digits ornumbers.

8. Information technology
works with data in adigital
form.

9. Digital signals are represented as
a series of 0sand1s.

10. Theform of the data (either
analog or digital) and the
transmission signal (either analog
or digital signal) affects thequality
of the data received and the cost
of transmission.

11. Thequality of analog data
depends on maintaining the exact
wave asit moves through awire
or space.If it is corrupted in any
way,there is no way of
regenerating the wave.

12. However, digital data is
transmitted asaseries of 0sand
1s, and it is possible toregenerate
data that hasbeencorrupted.
That is, to reconstruct the data,it
is only necessary to distinguish
between a0 and a1.

13. There are four encodingand
decoding possibilities in
transmission:
• Analog data to analogsignal.
• Digital data to analogsignal.
• Digital data to digitalsignal.
• Analog data to digitalsignal.

14. Information technologyworks
with data in adigitalform.

15. Analog data to analog signal. The
wave shape of the data isencoded
into the signal.Atelephone
encodes analog data in the form
of sounds into analog signals
suitable for the telephone line. If
the signal is corrupted, there is no
way of restoring the original
analog data.

16. Digital data to analog signal.
A series of 0s and 1s is
encoded into a continuous
wave. A modem encodes (or
modulates) digital data from a
computer into
analog signals for the
telephone line. When the
analog signal is received by
another modem, it decodes

17. Amodem encodes digital data to
analog signalsand decodes analog
signalsto digitaldata.

18. Analog data to digital signal—the
wave shapeof the data isencoded
into aseries of 0sand 1s.This
processof generating digits or
numbers is called digitising.

19. Images are digitised using
such devices as scanners,
and sounds are digitised
using a process called
sampling.

20. Thank You