2. Main Postulates of
Kinetic Molecular of
Matter
1. Matter is composed of very small particles called atoms
and molecules.
2. A type of matter's constituent particles are identical in
every way.
3. Interparticular or intermolecular space refers to the space
or gaps between these particles.
4. There is an attractive force between matter particles that
keeps them together. Interparticular or intermolecular
attraction is the name for this force of attraction.
5. Matter particles are always in a state of random motion
and have kinetic energy, which increases with temperature
and decreases with temperature.
3. Interconversion of
states of matter
Interconversion of matter refers to the change of one
state to another. It is a process by which matter changes
from one state to another and back to its original state,
without any change in its chemical composition. Like
solid can be converted into liquids by heating.
4. Latent Heat The heat or energy absorbed or released during a phase shift
of a substance is known as latent heat. It could be from a
gas to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid and back again.
Latent heat is related to a heat property called enthalpy.
For example if a solid substance is changing to a liquid, it
needs to absorb energy to push the molecules into a wider,
more fluid volume. Similarly, when a substance changes
from a gas phase to a liquid, their density levels also need to
go from lower to a higher level wherein the substance then
needs to release or lose energy so that the molecules come
closer together. In essence, this energy that is required by a
substance to either freeze, melt or boil is said to be latent
heat.
5. Law of
Conservation of
Matter
The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot
be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. It also tells
us that matter cannot magically appear or disappear, it
simply changes from one form to another.
For example: when wood burns, the mass of the soot, ashes,
and gases, equals the original mass of the charcoal and the
oxygen when it first reacted.
