Engineering project that can help in feeders

1. Secure Feeder Operation in Radial
Distribution System
Guided by:
Mr. Lokesh kumar yadav
Presented By:
Praveen Gautam (1907370200036)
Pushkar Kumar (1907370200038)
Rajneesh Kumar (1907370200040)

2. Content:
• Introduction
• Problem overview
• Literature survey
• Problem formulation
• Hardware components
• Results and discussion
• Conclusion
• References

3. Objective:
• Secure operation of distribution feeder
• Provide safety to electrical lineman with the
help of password based circuit breaker.

4. Overview:
• Nowadays, it is observed that fatal electrical accidents to the
lineman are increasing during the electric line repairing due to
lack of communication and co-ordination between the
maintenance staff and the electric sub-station staff.
• This project is designed to control the fatal elecrical accidents
and provides safety to the lineman during maintenance with
the help of password based circuit breaker.
• This system is fully controlled by microcontroller and matrix
keypad for entering password.

5. Literature Survey:
1. Athira P Nair, Josephin J, Anjana A S, Athira C P, Sebin J Olickal “ELECTRIC LINE MAN
SAFETY SYSTEM WITH OTP BASED CIRCUIT BREAKER”. Volume: 04 Special Issue: 03 |
Apr-2015
 Contribution of the paper: The electric line man safety system is designed to control a circuit breaker
with help of a password only. OTP generation and OTP verification are the major tasks involved in this
system. OTP generation is the main attraction of this project. It provides a new approach to the security
of the lineman and completely eliminates the accidents to the lineman due to electric shock during the
electric line repair.
 Scope: Using wireless communication this system can be operated from other areas besides the
substation such as on the transformer. The SCADA is a system used in the communication channels to
help easy troubleshoot to locate the fault location directly and the line man can easily rectify it.
2. Pramod M. Murari, Mahabal V. Kinnerkar, Prashant S. Koppa, Vishal S. Kamble, Rashmitha R. Mendan
“Electric Line Man Safety with Password Based Circuit Breaker and Intimation of HT Wire Sag
using GSM” Volume 2, Issue 7 | July 2017
 Contribution of the paper: It can work on a single given known password Whenever the HT wire sag is
higher than the predetermined range/value then ultrasonic sensor sends a message to the substation
through GSM and intimates the operator about the trouble occurred. PIR sensor provides safety to
human/animal by sensing their presence and alerting through a buzzer.It can be concluded that the
proposed system can be used as an effective application in the present working system and provides
safety to lineman and alsocorrective measures can be taken after HT wire sag intimation.

6.  Scope:Instead of GSM 300 we can use GSM 900 which can be connected to IOT (internet of things).
By using IOT we can operate the relays from any area as we can directly connect to the server.
Wireless ultrasonic and PIR sensors can be also used. We can use SCADA system, to help easy
trouble shoot, to identify the fault location directly and line man can easily rectify it .we can also use
EPROMS that can be interfaced to system so the circuit breaker cannot only operate from the
substation ,but also from other location through wireless communication.
3. S.P. Achrekar, Shubham Jadhav, Praful Gurav, Makrand Rawool, Kaushal Manjrekar “OTP CIRCUIT
BREAKER FOR LINE MAN SAFETY AND MAINTAINANCE”. Volume: 05, Issue 1 | 2018
 Contribution of the paper: The electric line man safety system is designed to control a circuit breaker
with help of a password only. OTP generation and OTP verification are the major tasks involved in this
system. OTP generation is the main attraction of this project. It provides a new approach to the security
of the lineman and completely eliminates the accidents to the lineman due to electric shock during the
electric line repair.
 Scope: Using wireless communication this system can be operated from other areas besides the
substation such as on the transformer. The SCADA is a system used in the communication channels to
help easy troubleshoot to locate the fault location directly and the line man can easily rectify it.

7. Problem Formulation:
Power
supply
Keypad
MICROCONTROLLER
89S52
LCD 16x2
Relay 1
Relay 2
Relay 3
Relay 4
Load 1
Load 2
Load 3
Load 4
BLOCK DIAGRAM

8. Flow chart:

9. Power Supply:
Output 5V connected to microcontroller
Output 5V DC
220V
AC
7805
1N4007

10. 1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
* 0 #
RELAY
DRIVER
RELAY
1
RELAY
2
RELAY
3
RELAY
4
LOAD 1
LOAD 2
LOAD 3
LOAD 4
Circuit Diagram:
GND GND
LCD

11. Hardware Components
1. Microcontroller 89S52
2. Relay (4)
3. LCD 16x2
4. Keypad
5. PCB Board
6. Connecting Wires
7. Crystal Oscillator
8. Transformer(Step down)

12. Microcontroller 89S52
• A microcontroller is a small computer on a single
integrated circuit. A microcontroller contains one or more
CPUs along with memory and programmable input/output
peripherals.
• Microcontroller are used in automatically controlled
devices, such as automobile engine control system,
remote control,toys and other embedded systems.
• In this project 8bit microcontroller is used(AT89S52).

13. • The AT89S52 comes from the popular 8051 family of
Atmel Microcontrollers.
• It is an 8-bit CMOS microcontroller with 8K as Flash
memory and 256 bytes of RAM. Since it is similar to the
trust worthy 8051 architecture, these microcontrollers are
as per industry standard.
• It has 32 I/O pins comprising of three 16-bit timers,
external interrupts, full-duplex serial port, on-chip
oscillator and clock circuitry.

14. Pins to be used
1 to 8:- Keypad
18 to 19:- Crystal oscillator 11.059MHz
21 to 24:- Relays
32 to 39:- LCD
20- Ground
40,31- Supply (5V)

15. Relay
• Relays are electrically operated
switches that open and close the
circuits by receiving electrical signals
from outside sources.
• Here we are using four relays each of
5V.
• An electrical signal is receiving from
microcontroller that is ON/OFF signal
for circuit.
• After receiving the signal, relays are
operating according to the given
command.

16. LCD 16x2
• A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16
characters per line and there are 2 such
lines.
• In this LCD each character is displayed in
5x7 pixel matrix. The 16 x 2 intelligent
alphanumeric dot matrix display is capable
of displaying 224 different characters and
symbols. This LCD has two registers,
namely, Command and Data
• Here LCD is used to display the password
entered by us to ON/OFF the circuit
breaker.

17. Keypad:
• HEX keypad is a standard device with 12 keys
connected in a 3x4 matrix, giving the
characters 0-9. Interfacing of Hex keypad to
AT89S52 is essential while designing
embedded system projects which require
character or numeric input or both. For
example projects like digital code lock,
numeric calculator etc.
• Here we are using this to enter numeric
password for turn ON/OFF the circuit breaker.
This can be easily interfaced with ant kits
Microcontroller Development Board. It is a four
pin tactile switch and four mounting holes
3.2mm each.
Figure 4 HEX Keypad

18. Crystal Oscillator:
• Crystal oscillator are used
mainly in digital integrated
circuit for providing a stable
clock signal and in specific
applications which require
high frequency reference.
• This is a low cost crystal
oscillator with oscillation
frequency of 11.0592MHz
crystal is normally required to
provide clock pulses to your
microcontroller.

19. Result and discussion
• The following steps and snapshots show the prototype working scenario and
outcomes of this system
Step1: Display to show the
enter password
Step2: Entering the password Step3: Entered password is accepted
 When Password is Correct
Step 4: Load On

20.  When Password is Incorrect:
Step1: Display to show the
enter password
Step2: Entering the password Step3: Entered password is
incorrect and rejected
Load Remains Off

21. Conclusion:
• It can work on given known password.
• The password to operate can be changed and system can be operated
efficiently with the changed password.
• It gives no scope of password stealing.
• It ensures the line man safety.
• There is also a provision of changing the password by changing in the
code.

22. Reference:
1. Rakesh Narvey, Rahul Sagwal, Abhishek Katroliy, Vipin Jain, Hari Singh,
Krishnakant.“Password based circuit breaker using Aurdino” , IJAEM Volume:02
Issue 01 | 15-07-2020
2. Mane Kirti M,Attar Arifa U,Dandile Aishwarya A, Ghogale Pragati S, Prof. Jagtap Sujit
P.“Password based circuit breaker”, IJRASET volume.06 Issue 04 April 2018
3. Athira P Nair, Josephin J, Anjana A S, Athira C P, Sebin J Olickal“The electric lineman Safety
using a new concept of OTP” , IJRET volume.04 Special Issue 03 April 2015
4. Dr. Devika B, Srilaksmi S, Shabnam Ara Ahmed, Yashawini G, Zaiba Anam“Lineman
Safety”, IJIREEICE Volume.09 Issue 01 January 2021
5. S.P. Achrekar, Shubham Jadhav, Praful Gurav, Makrand Rawool, Kaushal Manjrekar “OTP
CIRCUIT BREAKER FOR LINE MAN SAFETY AND MAINTAINANCE”. Volume: 05, Issue 1
| 2018

23. THANK YOU